英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀技巧介紹
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解分值占比35%=248.5分,四級(jí)閱讀部分占整套試題的35%，以下是小編為大家整理的英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀技巧介紹相關(guān)內(nèi)容，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助大家。
命題規(guī)律
1、列舉處常考
列舉處指的是 First,...,Second ,...,Third,..., 等并列關(guān)系詞出現(xiàn)的部分。要求考生從列舉出的內(nèi)容中 , 選出符合題干要求的答案項(xiàng)。列舉方式有時(shí)不用數(shù)字排序 , 而是采取句式排比的方式進(jìn)行。
2、 舉例與打比方的地方常考
為了使自己的觀點(diǎn)更具有說(shuō)服力，更加明確 ，作者常以具體的例子來(lái)佐證。這些例子或比喻常會(huì)成為考點(diǎn)，因此考生應(yīng)對(duì)那些引出這些例子或比喻的標(biāo)志詞加以注意。這類詞很多，常見的有as, such, for example, for instance, a case, in point 等。
3、 （指示）代詞出現(xiàn)處�？�
這類考題 ,常用來(lái)考查考生是否真正理解上下文之間的句際關(guān)系和意義。
4、 引用人物論斷處�？�
作者為正確表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)或使論點(diǎn)更有依據(jù) , 常會(huì)引用某些權(quán)威人士的論斷或采納其重要發(fā)現(xiàn)等。命題者常在此處作文章。
5、 特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后的內(nèi)容常考
由于特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后的內(nèi)容常是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步解釋和說(shuō)明， 因此命題者常對(duì)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。具體說(shuō)，特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)包括：破折號(hào)（表解釋），括號(hào)（表解釋），冒號(hào)（表解釋），引號(hào)（表引用）。
答題技巧
若針對(duì)舉例子、引用名人言論、特殊符號(hào) ( 如冒號(hào)、引號(hào)、破折號(hào) ) 后內(nèi)容出題 , 可只讀例子、名人言論、符號(hào)前后句內(nèi)容 , 然后與選項(xiàng)對(duì)號(hào)入座。
例題：
CET4 1999 年1月第2篇
President Coolide's statgnent,"The business of America is b11sines,"still point to an important truth today --that business institution have more prestige(威望)in American society than any other kind of organization,including the government.
Q:The statement "The business of America is business"probably means__.
[A]the business institution in America are concerned with commerce
[B]business problems are of great importance to the American governmenthinmis
[C]business is of primary concern to Americans
[D]Aameric is a great power in world business
正確答案是 [C]
根據(jù)引號(hào)及其內(nèi)容很快找到原文相關(guān)部分，其后的破折號(hào)必是對(duì)該句的解釋。因此考生不必在原文所引內(nèi)容的兩個(gè)busine為何意上絞盡腦汁，只須理解破折號(hào)后內(nèi)容，其意思是：美國(guó)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)在美國(guó)社會(huì)中享有的威望比包括政府在內(nèi)的其他所有機(jī)構(gòu)都要高。這個(gè)意思與選項(xiàng) [C]中的"primary concern"(頭等大事)相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選[C]。
如果題目只是針對(duì)某一段的內(nèi)容提間，可只看該段內(nèi)容即可答題，而不必等到把文章全看完才做。
例題： CET6 2002年12月第29題
In fact,the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states; average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today.But,as most studies show,every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims.And with so much more money floating in the workers' compensation system,it's not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.
Q:After 1972 workers'compensation insurance in the U.S became more favorable to workers so that___.
[A]the poverty level for a family of four went up drastically
[B]more money was allocated to their compensation system
[C]there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claims
[D]the number of workers suing for damages increased
正確答案是 [D]
根據(jù)題干中的"after 1972"可馬上判斷出線索在最后一段。這一段的大意是說(shuō)自1972年后，越來(lái)越多的人因工傷索賠而獲益，所以越來(lái)越多的人就進(jìn)行索賠，那么也就有醫(yī)生和律師也來(lái)分一杯羹。尤其第二句話提到：索賠獲益每增加10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行索賠的工人人數(shù)就增加了5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，與[D]一致。
選項(xiàng)中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而同義詞替換的選項(xiàng)一般是答案。
例題：CET4 1997年6月第3篇
Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31a.m.on a holiday when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition,changes made to the constructions codes in Los Angeles during the last 2O years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways,making them more resistant to earthquake.
Q:One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that____.
[A]new computers had been installed in the buildings
[B]it occurred in the residential rather than on the highways
[C]large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday
[D]improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways
正確答案是 [D]
在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中[C]項(xiàng)和[D]都與原文有關(guān)。但[C]達(dá)似乎照抄原文“the quake occurred…on a holiday”，但實(shí)際上是對(duì)原文的曲解。原文中并沒(méi)有說(shuō)大多Los Angeles的居民們外出度假了，只是說(shuō)了當(dāng)時(shí)的交通情況。而選項(xiàng)[D]中的improvement 是對(duì)“change made to the construction codes”的解釋，是change在該文中的同義替換詞，因此[D]是正確答案。
選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)意義較具體，或膚淺地表達(dá)了字面意思的，一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項(xiàng)。
例題：CET4 2000年1月第1篇
Is it worth it?Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1)How likely the event is;and 2)How bad the consequences are if the event occurs.Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might srike Earth once every 500,000 years.
Q:What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?
[A]It is very unlikely but the danger exists.
[B]Such a collision might occur every 25 years.
[C]Collidons d smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.
[D]It's still ear1y to say whether such a collision might occur.
正確答案是 [A]
依據(jù)節(jié)選文中最后一句可知雖然小行星每 50 萬(wàn)年才撞擊地球一次 , 但此事總是有可能發(fā)生的。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中 , 只有 [A] 項(xiàng) " 小行星與地球碰撞的可能性不大 , 但這種危險(xiǎn)是存在的 " 最具概括性。因此 [A] 項(xiàng)正確。
選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與其他三項(xiàng)有較大差別的 , 可能為答案。
例題：CET4 1996年6月第3篇
Most our patients(注:指上文中提到的terminally iil patients) welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly,honestly,and frankly about their trouble.Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed,to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near.
Q:The need of a dying patient for company shows____.
[A]his desire for communication with other people
[B]his fear of approaching death
[C]his pessimistic attitude towards his condition
[D]his reluctance to part with his family
正確答案是 [A]
若時(shí)間不充分，在緊急狀態(tài)下，對(duì)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比后可發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)[A]內(nèi)容與眾不同，其他三 項(xiàng)均表明了對(duì)死亡來(lái)臨時(shí)悲觀的心情，如恐懼、悲觀、不情愿等，只有[A]表明了渴望與他人交流的意愿。當(dāng)然若時(shí)間充分可對(duì)原文相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析， 以選文第一句為例，其意為：多數(shù)病人想與他人坦誠(chéng)地談?wù)勛约旱穆闊┖屠Щ�。由此可見，這是一種對(duì)交流的渴望，因而選[A]。
答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣詞的一般不是正確答案。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有 :must,always,never,the most,al1,merely,only,have to,any,no,completely,none,hardly 等。而選項(xiàng)中含有不十分肯定的語(yǔ)氣詞一般是正確答案項(xiàng)。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有： could,may,often,should,usually,might,most(大多數(shù)),more or less,relatively,be likely to,possible,whether or,not necessarily等。
在議論文中那些符合一般常識(shí)的選項(xiàng)，意義深刻富有哲理，符合一般性規(guī)律，屬于普通現(xiàn)象的選項(xiàng)往往是答案項(xiàng)。
例題：CET6 2002年1月第30題
It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign(良性的) trend begins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise.Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy.If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this.
Q:The primary solution to environmental problems is____.
[A]to allow market forces to operate properly
[B]to curb consumption of natural resources
[C]to limit the growth of the world population
[D]to avoid fluctuations in prices
正確答案是 [A]
本題題干是問(wèn)解決環(huán)境問(wèn)題的基本方法是什么，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中[D]項(xiàng)“避免價(jià)格波動(dòng)”與題干無(wú)關(guān)，[B]項(xiàng)“限制自然資源的消耗”和[C]項(xiàng)“控制世界人口的增長(zhǎng)”雖然有利于環(huán)境問(wèn)題的解決，但不是基本解決方法。故[A]項(xiàng)為正確答案。由文章最后一段話說(shuō)：在價(jià)格和市場(chǎng)手段不能正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的地方便會(huì)出現(xiàn)環(huán)境、能源等問(wèn)題，可以推出：環(huán)境問(wèn)題的解決之道便在于讓市場(chǎng)、價(jià)格手段正常地發(fā)揮作用，從而驗(yàn)證[A]項(xiàng)正確。
細(xì)節(jié)題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：
(1)與原句內(nèi)容相反；
(2)與原文內(nèi)容一半相同一半不同；
(3)與原句內(nèi)容相似但過(guò)于絕對(duì)化；
(4)原文中根本沒(méi)提到。
自我測(cè)試一：
Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep.Jerome M.Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' half brain sleep"is just the tip of the iceberg(冰山)".He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.
Q:By "just the tip of the iceberg",Siegel suggests that____.
[A]half brain sleep has something to do with icy weather
[B]the mystery of half?brain sleep is close to being solved
[C]most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers
[D]half brain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other species
參考答案：
答案為[D]。根據(jù)引號(hào)內(nèi)容很快找到原文相關(guān)部分，其后的內(nèi)容必是對(duì)該問(wèn)的解釋。第二句中說(shuō)加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的Ferome M.Siegel推測(cè)鳥類的半腦睡眠現(xiàn)象只是冰山露出來(lái)的一角。第三句說(shuō)如果我們對(duì)其他物種作進(jìn)一步認(rèn)真仔細(xì)的觀察，可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的例證，所以D正確。因此只要理解第二句、第三句的意思即可選出正確答案。這一題是屬于考特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后的內(nèi)容
自我測(cè)試二：
1. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak,and act similarly, on the job at least.
Q:According to the passage,people wearing uniforms___.
[A]are usually helped
[B]have little or no individual freedom
[C]tend to lose their individuality
[D]enjoy greater popularity
2. In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
Q:The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that____.
[A]their social roles are rigidly determined
[B]most boys would like to follow their fathers professions
[C]boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers
[D]they like challenging activities
3. When school officials in Kalkaska,Michigan,closed classes last week,the media flocked to the story,portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy（吝嗇的）taxpayers.There is some truth to that;the property tax rate here is one third lower than the state average.But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkaska’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’ union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point.Their aim was to spur Passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.
Q:We learn from the Passage that schools in Kalkaska,Michigan,are funded_____.
[A]mainly by the state government
[B]exclusively by the local government
[C]by the National Education Association
[D]by both the local and state government
參考答案：
1.答案是[C]。在時(shí)間不充裕情況下，我們粗略對(duì)照原文，發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)“穿制服”的討論與individuality有關(guān)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，[B和[C]涉及這一內(nèi)容，而[刨項(xiàng)中由于使用“l(fā)ittle”和“no”使語(yǔ)氣過(guò)于絕對(duì)，[C]項(xiàng)則使用語(yǔ)氣較為緩和的“tend to”，因此可確定[C]為正確答案。但是切記，若時(shí)間來(lái)得及，一定要返回原文有關(guān)部分驗(yàn)證答案，原文大意是：反對(duì)穿制服者的基本觀點(diǎn)是制服缺少多樣化，因此會(huì)使穿制服的人也失去個(gè)性。
答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣詞的一般不是正確答案。
2.答案是[A]。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，[A]項(xiàng)與其他幾項(xiàng)相比符合人們對(duì)男女角色的普遍認(rèn)識(shí)，而其他三項(xiàng)都有偏頗之處。 再返回原文，就在題干所涉及的句子之后，出現(xiàn)了[A]項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“social roles，rigidly determined”等，再次驗(yàn)證[A]， 因而選[A]。
議論文中符合一般常識(shí)的選項(xiàng)，富有深刻哲理，符合一般規(guī)律的選項(xiàng)。
3.快速閱讀本段可知答案在[A]、[B]、[D]選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)[A]和選項(xiàng)[B]說(shuō)得過(guò)于絕對(duì)，[D]項(xiàng)用了both…and句型，所以[D]為正確答案。但是，如果時(shí)間來(lái)得及，一定要到原文中驗(yàn)證答案。由本段第一句話中“students as victims of stingy taxpayers”和第二句話中提到的當(dāng)?shù)氐亩惵瘦^低這一點(diǎn)可知，當(dāng)?shù)氐慕逃?jīng)費(fèi)一部分來(lái)自于地方的稅收；再由本段最后一句話中“the states share of school funding”可知，州政府也分擔(dān)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)。故驗(yàn)證[D]為正確答案。
答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣詞的一般不是正確答案。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題閱讀理解強(qiáng)化練習(xí)三
Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post.
These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,” may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair.
The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation. While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority—the responsibility is still theirs. Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they “must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary.”
Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.
Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal (封建的) way of purging (清除) the community of dishonor,” and to some in the United States, such resignations look cowardly. However, in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion (灌輸) of the Japanese sense of responsibility, If, for instance, US automobile company executives offered to reduce their own salaries before they asked their workers to take pay cuts, negotiations would probably take on a very different character.
21. Why did the chairman of Toshiba resign his position in 1987?
A) In Japan, the leakage of a slate secret to Russians is a grave came.
B) He had been under attack for shifting responsibility to his subordinates.
C) In Japan, the chief executive of a corporation is held responsible for the mistake made by its subsidiaries.
D) He had been accused of being cowardly towards crises that were taking place in his corporation.
22. According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to ________.
A) apologize promptly for your subordinates' mistakes
B) be skillful in accepting blames from customers
C) make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessary
D) create a strong sense of company loyalty
23. What’s Professor George Lodge’s attitude towards the resignations of Japanese corporate leaders?
A) Sympathetic C) Critical
B) Biased. D) Approving.
24. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Boeing had nothing to do with the JAL air crash in 1985.
B) American executives consider authority and responsibility inseparable.
C) School principals bear legal responsibility for students' crimes.
D) Persuading employees to take pay cuts doesn’t help solve corporate crises.
25. The passage is mainly about ________.
A) resignation as an effective way of dealing with business crises
B) the importance of delegating responsibility to employees
C) ways of evading responsibility in times of crises
D) the difference between two business cultures
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
As machines go, the car is not terribly noisy, nor terribly polluting, nor terribly dangerous; and on all those dimensions it has become better as the century has grown older. The main problem is its prevalence, and the social costs that ensue from the use by everyone of something that would be fairly harmless if, say, only the rich were to use it. It is a price we pay for equality.
Before becoming too gloomy, it is worth recalling why the car has been arguably the most successful and popular product of the whole of the past 100 years—and remains so. The story begins with the environmental improvement it brought in the 1900s. In New York city in 1900, according to the Car Culture. A 1975 book by J. Flink, a historian, horses deposited 2.5 millioo pounds of manure(糞)and 60,000 gallons of urine (尿) every day. Every year, the city authorities had to remove an average of 15,000 dead horses from the streets, It made cars smell of roses.
Cars were also wonderfully flexible. The main earlier solution to horse pollution and traffic jams was the electric trolley bus (電車). But that required fixed overhead wires, and rails and platforms, which were expensive, ugly, and inflexible, The car could go from any A to any B, and allowed towns to develop in all directions with low-density housing, rather than just being concentrated along the trolley or rail lines. Rural areas benefited too, for they became less remote.
However, since pollution became a concern in the 1950s, experts have predicted—wrongly—that the car boom was about to end. In his book Mr. Flink argued that by 1973 the American market had become saturated, at one car for every 2.25 people, and so had the markets of Japan and Western Europe (because of land shortages). Environmental worries and diminishing oil reserves would prohibit mass car use anywhere else.
He was wrong, Between 1970 and 1990, whereas America’s population grew by 23%, the aumber of cars on its roads grew by 60%, There is now one car for every 1.7 people there, one for every 2.1 in Japan, one for every 5.3 in Britain. Around 550 million cars are already on the roads, not to mention all the trucks and mocorcyeles, and about 50 million new ones are made each year worldwide. Will it go on? Undoubtedly, because people want it to.
26. As is given in the first paragraph, the reason why the car has become a problem is that ________.
A) poor people can’t afford it
B) it is too expensive to maintain
C) too many people are using it
D) it causes too many road accidents
27. According to the passage, the car started to gain popularity because ________.
A) it didn’t break down as easily as a horse
B) it had a comparatively pleasant odor
C) it caused less pollution than horses
D) it brightened up the gloomy streets
28. What impact did the use of cars have on society?
A) People were compelled to leave downtown areas.
B) People were able to live in less crowded suburban areas.
C) Business along trolley and rail lines slackened.
D) City streets were free of ugly overhead wires.
29. Mr.Flink argued in his book that cars would not be widely used in other countries because ________.
A) the once booming car market has become saturated
B) traffic jams in those countries are getting more and more serious
C) expensive motorways are not available in less developed countries
D) people worry about pollution and the diminishing oil resources
30. What’s wrong with Mr.Flink’s prediction?
A) The use of automobiles has kept increasing worldwide.
B) New generations of cars are virtually pollution free.
C) The population of America has not increased as fast.
D) People’s environmental concerns are constantly increasing.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, on joy, typically make Americans feel uncomforuble and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating (毀滅性的) tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. But judging form recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.
Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotiomal tears. Since evolution has given rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological responset, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.
Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to clicit assistance form others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention, So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves.
Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress, University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to cmotion. Tears shed because of exposure to =cut onion would contain no such substance.
Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.
At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr.Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse and exposure to medication(藥物), to determine whether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable, to study the causes of “dry eye” syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.
At Columbia University Dt.Liasy Faris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to the diagnosis of diseases away from the eyes. Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading the body and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.
31. It is known from the first paragraph that ________.
A) shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American
B) crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedy
C) crying usually wins sympathy from other people
D) one who sheds tears in public will be blamed
32. What does “both those responses to tears”(Line 6, Para, 1) refer to?
A) Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.
B) The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.
C) The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.
D) Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.
33. “Counterproductive” (Lines 6-7, Para,1) very probably means “________”.
A) having no effect at all
B) leading to tension
C) producing disastrous impact
D) harmful to health
34. What does the author say about crying?
A) It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.
B) It must have a role to play in man’s survival.
C) It is meant to get attention and assistance.
D) It usually produces the desired effect.
35. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?
A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.
B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.
C) Emotional tears can give rise to “dry eye” syndrome in some cases.
D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard. However, hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker, It is rest that makes you stronger. Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training. This adaptation is accomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the muscle cells. During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stress that you have applied. The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.
If sufficient rest is not included in a training program, imbalance between excess training and inadequate rest will occur, and performance will decline. The “overtraining syndrome(綜合癥)” is the name given to the collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms due to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months. It is marked by cumulative exhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.
The most common symptom is fatigue. This may limit workouts and may be present at rest. The athlete may also become moody, easily imitated, have altered sleep patterns, become depressed, or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport, Some will report decreased appetite and weight loss. Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness, increased frequency of viral (病毒性的) illnesses, and increased incidence of injuries.
The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest. The longer the overtraining has occurred, the more rest required, Therefore, early detection is very important, If the overtraining has only occurred for a short period of time (e.g. 3-4 weeks) then interrupting training for 3-5 days is usually sufficient rest. It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identified and corrected. Otherwise, the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur. The overtraining syndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigue and whose performance has leveled off or decreased. It is important to exclude any underlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.
36. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________.
A) the harder an athlete trains, the better his performance will be
B) rest after vigorous training improves an athlete’s performance
C) strict systematic training is essential to an athlete’s top performance
D) improvement of an athlete’s performance occurs in the course of training
37. By “overtraining” the author means ________.
A) a series of physical symptoms that occur after training
B) undue emphasis on the importance of physical exertion
C) training that is not adequately compensated for by rest
D) training that has exceeded an athlete’s emotional limits
38. What does the passage tell us about the “overtraining” syndrome?
A) It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.
B) It appears right after a hard training session.
C) The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.
C) It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period.
39. What does the phrase “l(fā)evel off” (Line 7, Para,4)most probably mean?
A) Slow down.
B) Become dull.
C) Stop improving.
D) Be on the decline.
40. The author advises at the end of the passage that ________.
A) overtraining syndrome should be treated as a serious illness
B) overtraining syndrome should be prevented before it occurs
C) an athlete with overtraining syndrome should take a lengthy rest
D) illness causing fatigue should not be mistaken for overtraining syndrome
PartⅡ Reading Comprehension
21---25 CACBD
26---30 BCBDA
31---35 ACDBA
36---40 BCDCD
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題詞匯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)五
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
21 As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______ it.
A) postpone B) refuse
C) delay D) cancel
22 These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.
A) all the information B) all the informations
C) all of information D) all of the informations
23 Not until the game had begun _______ at the sports ground.
A) had he arrived B) would he have arrived
C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived
24 Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in.
A) conservative B) content
C) confident D) generous
25 Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.
A) granted B) implied
C) exaggerated D) remedied
26 These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.
A) unrecorded B) to be unrecorded
C) unrecording D) to have been unrecorded
27 I have no objection _______ your story again.
A) to hear B) to hearing
C) to having heard D) to have heard
28 The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.
A) curiosity B) status
C) determination D) significance
29 By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.
A) accurate B) urgent
C) excessive D) adequate
30 You will see this product _______ wherever you go.
A) to be advertised B) advertised
C) advertise D) advertising
31 The early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.
A) go along with B) go back on
C) go through D) go into
32 The suggestion that the major _______ the prizes was accepted by everyone.
A) would present B) present
C) presents D) ought to present
33 Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.
A) whose B) which
C) that D) what
34 Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.
A) to stop B) stopping
C) stop D) having stopped
35 I didn’t know the word. I had to _______ a dictionary.
A) look out B) make out
C) refer to D) go over
36 The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.
A) to be based on B) to base on
C) which to base on D) on which to base
37 There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A) that B) which
C) in which D) whose
38 I think I was at school, _______ I was staying with a friends during the vacation when I heard the news.
A) or else B) and then
C) or so D) even so
39 It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.
A) partial B) beneficial
C) preferable D) liable
40 In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ trouble over the figures.
A) extensive B) spare
C) extra D) supreme
41 - “May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight?”
- “I’m sorry. Mr. Williams _______ to a conference long before then.”
A) will have gone B) had gone
C) would have gone D) has gone
42 You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.
A) shouldn’t follow B) mustn’t follow
C) couldn’t’ have been following D) shouldn’t have been following
43 The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.
A) have allowed B) allow
C) allowing D) allows
44 Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.
A) assembled B) accumulated
C) piled D) joined
45 Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.
A) include B) involve
C) contain D) comprise
46 Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.
A) with which B) for which
C) of which D) which
47 In the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.
A) face B) time
C) event D) course
48 The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.
A) had not worked B) not to work
C) does not work D) did not work
49 _______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
A) Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her
C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her
50 The British constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.
A) within B) to
C) by D) at
參考答案：
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B
31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C
41. A 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. B
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試考核要求與各題型解題技巧
Part I 聽力
按照新的教學(xué)大綱的要求，四級(jí)學(xué)生在學(xué)完1-4級(jí)基礎(chǔ)階段的英語(yǔ)課程后，對(duì)所給的英語(yǔ)口頭材料應(yīng)達(dá)到一定的理解程度。對(duì)題材熟悉，內(nèi)容淺于課文，基本上無(wú)生詞、語(yǔ)速為130個(gè)單詞的材料，一遍可以聽懂，準(zhǔn)確率不低于70%。
通過(guò)對(duì)歷年試卷的聽力部分所作的題項(xiàng)分析，充分表明考生聽力的高低完全取決于他們是否具備了以下4個(gè)方面的基礎(chǔ)：
一.堅(jiān)實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)
二.一定的文化背景知識(shí)
三.基本的聽力技能
四.正確有效的聽音習(xí)慣
聽力材料的選材原則一般基于以下三點(diǎn)：
一.對(duì)話部分為校園生活中的一般對(duì)話，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容不太復(fù)雜
二.短文部分的材料是題材熟情節(jié)不太復(fù)雜的故事、講話或敘述等
三.所用詞匯不超過(guò)教學(xué)大綱詞匯表規(guī)定的范圍
解題技巧
1.對(duì)話
1）提前閱讀選項(xiàng)，判斷問(wèn)題所屬，從而集中精力于有關(guān)信息
2）注意根據(jù)信息詞匯判斷地點(diǎn)和說(shuō)話人的身份職業(yè)等
3）注意加減運(yùn)算，聽到的不是答案
4）注意記筆記，將人物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間等對(duì)號(hào)入座
5）從語(yǔ)法、短語(yǔ)含義入手，判斷隱含之意
2.短文
1）提前閱讀選項(xiàng)，增加聽的目的性和針對(duì)性
2）注意把握首尾句，從整體上理解全文，這同樣有利于主題題的解答
3）聽時(shí)記筆記，以掌握文章的主要細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。邊聽文章邊看選項(xiàng)，按照聽的順序給選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)。
最后再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)一下，大家要學(xué)會(huì)充分利用放Direction的時(shí)間，這個(gè)時(shí)候可以用來(lái)分析選項(xiàng)，對(duì)將要聽到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行一些猜測(cè)和分析；另外在每道題目之間有約20秒鐘的間隔，希望也能充分運(yùn)用，來(lái)分析下一道題目的選項(xiàng)。
Part II 閱讀理解
按照新的教學(xué)大綱的要求，四級(jí)學(xué)生在學(xué)完1-4級(jí)基礎(chǔ)階段的英語(yǔ)課程后應(yīng)該能夠每分鐘閱讀50個(gè)英語(yǔ)詞，這樣的閱讀速度意味著每小時(shí)能讀約10頁(yè)原版書，具有相當(dāng)?shù)膶?shí)用價(jià)值。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試的試卷構(gòu)成中閱讀部分占時(shí)35分鐘。根據(jù)上述閱讀速度的要求，四級(jí)的閱讀材料篇幅約為1，000詞。部分學(xué)生不具備這樣的閱讀速度，常常來(lái)不及在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)讀完全部材料，當(dāng)然會(huì)影響閱讀部分的得分。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試中的閱讀理解部分主要測(cè)試下述能力：
1.掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意
2.了解說(shuō)明主旨和大意的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)
3.既理解字面意思，也能根據(jù)所讀材料進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推論
4.既理解個(gè)別句子的意義，也能理解上下文的邏輯關(guān)系
各類題型干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
1. 詞匯語(yǔ)義題
1）與上下文并不相吻合的我們所熟悉的定義
2）與上下文似乎相吻合的錯(cuò)誤定義
3）出現(xiàn)在上下文中的與本詞詞性相同的詞
4）問(wèn)及指代詞時(shí)，干擾項(xiàng)一般是上下文中出現(xiàn)的名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)
2.主旨大意題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
1）覆蓋面太大，太籠統(tǒng)，大大超出了短文論述的范圍
2）覆蓋面太窄，在內(nèi)容上只涉及短文的某一部分或若干要點(diǎn)
3）僅為短文的某一要點(diǎn)或某一細(xì)節(jié)
4）與短文內(nèi)容擦邊，但偏離文章主題
5）與文章內(nèi)容毫不相干，或與文章內(nèi)容相悖
3.細(xì)節(jié)題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
1）與短文細(xì)節(jié)部分相吻合，部分相悖
2）是短文細(xì)節(jié)，但不是要點(diǎn)或主要論據(jù)
3）是短文細(xì)節(jié)，但不符合題干要求，題干指向的應(yīng)在短文其他位置
4）與常識(shí)相吻合但短文未提及
5）明顯與短文細(xì)節(jié)不符，相反或短文為提及
4. 邏輯推理題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
1）不是在文章事實(shí)或上下文邏輯基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理而得出了觀點(diǎn)
2）雖然可以以文章提供的事實(shí)或內(nèi)在推理為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行推理，但推理過(guò)頭，概括過(guò)度
3）是短文內(nèi)容的簡(jiǎn)單重述，而非推而論之
4）似推論得知，但實(shí)與原文內(nèi)容主題相矛盾
5）與常識(shí)相吻合，但非從短文內(nèi)容推論得出
6）偏離文章主題，屬主觀臆斷的結(jié)論，推理過(guò)頭，概括過(guò)度
5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
通過(guò)對(duì)歷年真題的分析，在考查學(xué)生推測(cè)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的是，一般正確選項(xiàng)要么是肯定，要么是否定，且以否定態(tài)度居多；一般出現(xiàn)的中性詞語(yǔ)大多為干擾項(xiàng)目。
Part IV 簡(jiǎn)短回答
簡(jiǎn)短回答主要考核考生對(duì)英語(yǔ)書面材料的確切理解能力。每次考試為一篇文章，文章后有5個(gè)問(wèn)題或不完整的句子。要求在閱讀文章之后用不超過(guò)10個(gè)單詞的簡(jiǎn)短英語(yǔ)（可以是句子，也可以是單詞或短語(yǔ)）回答所提的問(wèn)題或補(bǔ)足不完整的句子�？荚嚂r(shí)間是15分鐘。文章大概在300字左右，文章類型與難易度與閱讀理解部分的類似。該題型除了檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生對(duì)文章的理解外，還測(cè)試學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的基本語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的掌握程度，對(duì)語(yǔ)言文字的表達(dá)、駕馭能力。
評(píng)分準(zhǔn)則
1）本題要求讀后回答5個(gè)所提問(wèn)題或補(bǔ)足不完整的句子
2）本題雖為簡(jiǎn)答題，但回答不全者扣分
3）有自相矛盾處扣分
4）照抄原文者扣分
5）答非所問(wèn)者扣分
6）答多者扣分
7）正確的回答里有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤部分扣分
8）回答多余部分如有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤同樣扣分
命題傾向剖析及應(yīng)試技巧
簡(jiǎn)答題主要考三種題型：主旨大意題、事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題、推理題，而以事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題考得最多(約70%)。
1. 主旨大意題
此類題型在三年中考得較少。做此類題要求考生用最簡(jiǎn)潔而又內(nèi)涵豐富的詞或短語(yǔ)高度概括文章的中心思想。許多考生的難處是短文看懂了，中心意思也知道，就是不知如何表達(dá)出來(lái)。此時(shí)，考生關(guān)鍵是找到主題句，通過(guò)對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行"手術(shù)"，就能找到最佳答案。而主題句通常都在段首或段末，有時(shí)是一疑問(wèn)句或一簡(jiǎn)單句，且具有語(yǔ)法上的獨(dú)立性。關(guān)鍵詞有“in short”、“in my opinion”、“that is”、“therefore”、“I believe/suggest/think”、 “in fact”等。
2. 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題
此類題型是簡(jiǎn)答題考查最多題型，考查形式多樣，下面一一剖析。
(1)描述性題目能直接從原文中找到答案。此類細(xì)節(jié)題答案一般是句子謂語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等主干成分，考生略做變化即能寫出答案。
(2)因果型的題目短文中能直接找到原因或結(jié)果。通常表原因的關(guān)鍵詞有：for that reason, for, as, because, since, as a result of, owing to, thanks to等。表結(jié)果的關(guān)鍵詞有：as a result, therefore, consequently, thus, accordingly, so�？忌喿x時(shí)要注意這些詞后面的內(nèi)容。
(3)范例型題目：需要概括答案的。表示舉例的關(guān)鍵詞有：for example, such …as, for instance, that is, as follow等�？忌鷮�(duì)這些詞后面的內(nèi)容要注意。
(4)對(duì)照比較型題目：對(duì)照比較目的在于所涉及的兩個(gè)事物之間的不同或相似之處,進(jìn)而說(shuō)明主題.表對(duì)照的關(guān)鍵詞有：however、nevertheless、in contrast、 on the other hand、but、yet、while等。表比較的詞有：likewise、in the same way、as if、as等。
(5)描寫敘述型題目：需要變換詞法或句型。此類題句子內(nèi)容和表達(dá)詞在原文中能找到，考生關(guān)鍵是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的變換、句型的轉(zhuǎn)換。在替換過(guò)程中切勿因粗心犯了不該犯的錯(cuò)誤，如時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)名詞等。)
3. 推理題
這類題型主要包括兩種：描述事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)上推理和邏輯上的推理。
(1)在描述事實(shí)事礎(chǔ)上的推理題�？忌灰诿枋黾�(xì)節(jié)句子范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行推理，不必顧及整體文章大旨，以防干擾。
(2)通過(guò)前后句以及上、下文內(nèi)在邏輯進(jìn)行推理。此類題一般針對(duì)主題思想、作者意圖而設(shè)計(jì)的�？忌⒁馐拙�、段尾句和表示轉(zhuǎn)折或因果關(guān)系的一些詞，如：but, however, yet, in short, as, although, as a result, because, since, therefore, thus, so等。
解題步驟
1）有的放矢，預(yù)讀問(wèn)題，做到心中有數(shù)
2）五、六分鐘讀完全文，劃出反映文章結(jié)構(gòu)的成分，把握文章主題和主要事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)
3）一遍解答容易的問(wèn)題，文章的閱讀最多兩遍
4）盡量用自己的語(yǔ)言組織答案，而且答案要簡(jiǎn)潔、扼要、書寫要工整清晰，要注意大小寫，爭(zhēng)取以最簡(jiǎn)單易懂的詞句來(lái)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題
5）答案一定要寫在該題所要求寫的地方，以避免答非所問(wèn)之嫌，而影響得分
Part V 寫作
能在閱讀難度與課文相仿的書面材料時(shí)做筆記，回答問(wèn)題，寫提綱和摘要，能就一定的話題，提綱，表格或圖示在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫出不少于120詞的短文，能寫日常應(yīng)用文（信函，簡(jiǎn)歷），內(nèi)容完整，條理清晰，文理通順。
四級(jí)寫作的要求
一、評(píng)分原則
1.CET是檢查考生是否達(dá)到大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的教學(xué)要求，對(duì)作文的評(píng)判應(yīng)以此要求為準(zhǔn)則
2.CET作文題采用總體(Global Scoring)評(píng)分方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分(Reward Scores)，而不是按語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)量扣分。
3.從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一體。作文應(yīng)表達(dá)題目做規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容要通過(guò)語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)，要考慮作文是否切題，是否充分表達(dá)思想，也要考慮是否用英語(yǔ)清楚而適切地表達(dá)思想，也就是要考慮語(yǔ)言上的錯(cuò)誤是否造成理解上的障礙。
4.避免趨中傾向。該給高分的給高分，包括滿分；該給低分的給低分，包括0分。一名閱卷人員在所評(píng)閱的全部作文卷中不應(yīng)只給中間的幾種分?jǐn)?shù)。
二、評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
1.本題滿分為15分
2.閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分五等：2分，5分，8分，11分及14分。各有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣卷一至二份。
3.閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)照樣卷評(píng)分，若認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)（如8分）相似，即定為該分?jǐn)?shù)（即8分）；若認(rèn)為稍優(yōu)或稍劣于該分?jǐn)?shù)，則可加一分（即9分）。但不得加或減半分。
4.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：
2分——條理不清，思路紊亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎。
5分——基本切題。表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差。大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，切多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。
8分——基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。
11分——切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。
14分——切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好。基本上無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。
白卷，作文與題目毫不相關(guān)，或只有幾個(gè)孤立的詞而無(wú)法表達(dá)思想，則給0分。
篇幅：120字
達(dá)不到字?jǐn)?shù)要求的，要酌情扣1-5分；
90-99 扣1分，80-90扣2分，70-79扣3分，60-69扣5分，50-59扣7分，<49扣9分
布局：三段式
只寫一段為0-4分，只寫兩段0-9分；
六級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃：精聽泛聽結(jié)合 真題模擬題兼顧
針對(duì)CET-6復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃
聽力部分：分三部分
1.精聽 《20天20分》堅(jiān)持每天上午聽20-30分鐘。
方法：①按書中的順序和思維把題目完成，包括指導(dǎo)的方法，聽力訓(xùn)練（初次聽的時(shí)候不能每道題目反復(fù)聽，應(yīng)該集中精力象考試一樣一氣呵成�？纯醋约旱恼_率）以及課后的講解（不用按書上寫的天數(shù)復(fù)習(xí)，把每天的內(nèi)容分散開來(lái)，別集中的囫圇吞棗，可以按照掌握的程度比如3天學(xué)一課）。
�、谧鐾暌徽n以后，重新把聽力訓(xùn)練的題目拿來(lái)，再繼續(xù)聽（注意第一了解大意后，聽寫出來(lái)，然后背并默出來(lái)，默寫直到無(wú)誤為止。此時(shí)要結(jié)合書中對(duì)這些題目考點(diǎn)和詞匯的分析，做到把重要的詞匯和句型融會(huì)貫通。在正式考試時(shí)候，也要一邊聽一邊適當(dāng)?shù)淖鲆恍┕P記（主要是細(xì)節(jié)，只要自己懂的標(biāo)記就好，不能影響聽的效果），以加強(qiáng)記憶。
2.精聽 真題（每天下午做）按上面的方法。
3.泛聽《新概念3》每天上午10分鐘左右。帶有欣賞和放松的性質(zhì)。體會(huì)英文表達(dá)方式的精妙之處。
詞匯部分：資料:任何一本六級(jí)詞匯手冊(cè)
方法：①每晚臨睡前15-20分鐘雷打不動(dòng)，可以在床上并不動(dòng)筆，但要迅速記憶并在心中拼寫。每次要首先復(fù)習(xí)以前背過(guò)的單詞�？梢宰约嚎甲约�，以檢查記憶情況。
�、诳捎勉U筆在書上做標(biāo)記，、一些名詞和肯定掌握的一看就會(huì)的可以標(biāo)記上，復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候也不用看它，可以節(jié)省時(shí)間。對(duì)于一些用法較多的可以多花時(shí)間看，但是著重看考點(diǎn)。
切忌：不要一個(gè)單詞看半天，重要的是重復(fù)（保證每個(gè)單詞至少看過(guò)7遍以上），還有默念，尤其注意發(fā)音（做到以后再聽力中可以聽出來(lái)）以及這個(gè)單詞的歷年考點(diǎn)(還不知道詞匯手冊(cè)上有否)。
閱讀理解：資料 ⑴真題
⑵新概念3
方法：㈠ 真題
�、賹�(duì)于真題，每開始做新的一套的時(shí)候都要嚴(yán)格按六級(jí)考試的時(shí)間在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成，可以不寫作文。然后對(duì)答案，給自己評(píng)分。這樣有助于掌握自己提高的動(dòng)向，而且隨著成績(jī)的提高也給自己信心。
在做題的過(guò)程中，我建議要先看一下每篇文章后的問(wèn)題（注意：不看選項(xiàng)以免浪費(fèi)時(shí)間）。有類似某某詞匯可用什么代替或是什么意思之類的題目可以提醒你在閱讀的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)，從而避免看到題目后又回去滿篇找詞。這樣帶著問(wèn)題進(jìn)行閱讀，而且每篇文章的第一句話和段首段尾句都要讀懂，或者說(shuō)是仔細(xì)看尤其是第一句話，可以多看幾遍。聽我的沒(méi)有錯(cuò)。
然后：開始做題。其中的關(guān)鍵是每一道題必須回到原文中找到出處-也就是能夠證明這道題正確答案的部分，千萬(wàn)不要憑印象，憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)。最后注意的是除非覺(jué)得百分之九十是錯(cuò)了，否則千萬(wàn)別改。第一印象往往是對(duì)的。
②做完一套以后就是精讀了，要求比較高。對(duì)照后面的答案和譯文首先搞清楚自己到底錯(cuò)在哪里了。是差在沒(méi)有讀懂，還是單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)還是馬虎。這是第一步，然后從頭到尾每個(gè)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，每個(gè)指代，每個(gè)短語(yǔ)，每個(gè)常難句的細(xì)摳。直到弄懂為止。當(dāng)然此過(guò)程中筆記是不能少的了，千萬(wàn)別偷懶。反正只要是影響你讀懂的地方全要拿來(lái)分析。這項(xiàng)工作費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力，但是很見效果。一般每套至少要用3-5個(gè)小時(shí)，當(dāng)然詞匯（Vocabulary）也要這樣細(xì)摳。不同之處在于你會(huì)的題目略過(guò)，完全掌握的單詞也要略過(guò)。這樣你的筆記上就篩出了你沒(méi)有掌握的單詞。等到考試之前再看一遍。什么叫做把書讀薄可以理解了吧！
�、嫘赂拍�3
反正是補(bǔ)充的經(jīng)典閱讀嘛，重要程度自然不比真題。但是學(xué)習(xí)的路子還是一樣的。反正做題貴在精而不在多。
有時(shí)間還是背誦一下，最好在上午。這樣可以加強(qiáng)你的語(yǔ)感。到時(shí)候蒙對(duì)的概率也高一些。當(dāng)然如果時(shí)間來(lái)得及可以拿磁帶練習(xí)聽寫。那水平就更高了。
改錯(cuò)，完型：
基本上是本人的弱項(xiàng)，不過(guò)多多研究，覺(jué)得考試的時(shí)候保底的分?jǐn)?shù)還是可以拿到的。
改錯(cuò)無(wú)非是詞匯，語(yǔ)法類錯(cuò)誤和邏輯錯(cuò)誤。前面的詞匯，語(yǔ)法類錯(cuò)誤我個(gè)人覺(jué)得還不是很難，多多留意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，非謂語(yǔ)形式等，形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí)，介詞的搭配，近義詞的誤用等等。
比較頭痛的是邏輯錯(cuò)誤，而這個(gè)也是命題者越來(lái)越喜歡的出題點(diǎn)。命題者喜歡用一些詞把句子搞成和文章思路相反。我覺(jué)得需要注意一些連詞，有感情色彩的詞等，看看是不是應(yīng)該換成其他的連詞，或者應(yīng)該用該詞的反義詞。這個(gè)卻是我的常項(xiàng)。實(shí)際上，改錯(cuò)也就是在考閱讀，閱讀水準(zhǔn)提高了，改錯(cuò)也不會(huì)顯得難了。我就省點(diǎn)筆墨吧。你也別太懶了，自己總結(jié)點(diǎn)也和我分享一下。反正我覺(jué)得你要是按照上面的方法做了那么僅僅想Pass CET-6應(yīng)該是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題。
“跨越四六級(jí)”之第三周模擬考題及答案解析
完形填空（適用四六級(jí)）
Starting several days ago, Salon.com is hoping some users will pay $30 per year for ad-free pages. These pages will _1_ users the ads, and give more _2_ including extra columns, and audio downloads of F. Scott Fitzgerald short stories. _3_ , users could continue to use the free site --- _4_ bigger, louder ads put on the web to _5_ the perceived ineffectiveness of _6_ banner ads on the tops of Web pages.
_7_ , with the exception _8_ The Wall Street Journal, which also _9_ Web ads, paid Internet sites have been unsuccessful. _10_ , an industry analyst believes the choice between a traditional site and an ad-free subscription site may become a _11_ in coming months, _12_ large interactive ads replace or _13_ traditional banner ads and demand more attention _14_ Web users. “My prediction is that as these interactive ads are _15_ and put on these sites, because they’re more undesirably noticeable , people will be more _16_ to paying for content that is ad-free,” says Denise Garcia, research director for media at Gartner, Inc.
Salon, an economically sick Web magazine, has had to lay _17_ about a third of its staff in recent months. It hopes the _18_ will bring _19_ much-needed revenue, but does not see it as a sure method to _20_ make the site profitable, a spokesman says.
1. A) provide B) spare C) give D) bring
2. A) personalities B) characters C) marks D) features
3. A) Or B) However C) Though D) Therefore
4. A) except B) despite C) although D) and
5. A) protect B) combat C) increase D) contradict
6. A) later B) latter C) current D) formal
7. A) Additionally B) Traditionally C) Essentially D) Presumably
8. A) to B) as C) at D) in
9. A) makes B) transforms C) performs D) runs
10. A) Presently B) So C) Though D) However
11. A) habit B) trend C) way D) instruction
12. A) when B) while C) as D) though
13. A) supplement B) put C) provide D) compensate
14. A) at B) to C) from D) in
15. A) implemented B) subscribed C) set D) prescribed
16. A) willing B) open C) tend D) likely
17. A) out B) aside C) down D) off
18. A) behavior B) move C) motion D) movement
19. A) in B) about C) at D) forth
20. A) instantly B) predictably C) constantly D) contemporarily
改錯(cuò) （適用于六級(jí)）
Many Americans mindlessly oppose hunting. They do so even in
cases where animal populations are dangerous high. In 1._______________
some areas of Alaska, wolves have become so rare that they 2________________
are running out of hunting ground and prey heavily on
moose, deer, and occasionally dogs. In past, game 3_______________
managers curbed wolf populations for trapping and aerial 4_______________
hunting without wiping away the species. Still, whenever 5______________
they propose do this nowadays, they receive tens 6_______________
of thousands letters of protest. Growing deer populations in 7________________
parts of California threat to starve themselves out. Seaotter 8_______________
colonies, booming in the Pacific coast, are fast running 9________________
out of food, too, as good as putting commercial fisher- 10____________
men out of business.
本周作文：（四級(jí)120字，六級(jí)150字）
1、 隨著社會(huì)發(fā)展，近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)令人擔(dān)心的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，人與人之間的信任程度降低了（舉例）
2、 這個(gè)問(wèn)題所帶來(lái)的不良后果
3、 解決問(wèn)題的辦法。
完形填空答案（適用四六級(jí)）
1. B) spare
2. D) features
3. A) Or
4. B) despite
5. B) combat
6. C) current
7. B) Traditionally
8. A) to
9. D) runs
10. D) However
11. B) trend
12. C) as
13. A) supplement
14. C) from
15. A) implemented
16. B) open
17. D) off
18. B) move
19. A) in
20. A) instantly
改錯(cuò)答案 （適用于六級(jí)）
1.dangerous dangerously
2.rare numerous
3.in past in the past
4.for by
5.away out
6.do doing
7.thousands letters thousands of letters
8.threat threaten
9.in along
10.good well
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)長(zhǎng)閱讀技巧
答題技巧一： 詳略得當(dāng)
對(duì)于大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀來(lái)說(shuō)，根據(jù)題目的“題眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最關(guān)鍵的，這樣我們就要在閱讀時(shí)注意詳略得當(dāng)�？朔x精益求精的習(xí)慣，做到有信息處精讀，無(wú)信息處略讀，略讀處一掃而過(guò)。
題目中數(shù)字、人名等信息(題眼)在原文中對(duì)應(yīng)的部分必須詳讀。而對(duì)所要解釋或證明的觀點(diǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)舉例處或者通常有數(shù)個(gè)名詞的并列項(xiàng)，它們不是完整的主謂賓的句子，因此無(wú)法與問(wèn)題對(duì)應(yīng)的詳細(xì)列舉處，都可以略讀。
答題技巧二：顯性信息
查讀的信息通常是顯性信息，只要將問(wèn)題在原文中進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位就能得到正確答案，一般不需要做推理。
特別提示：考生對(duì)于以下一些顯性信息也應(yīng)注意
(1) 表示因果關(guān)系的詞或詞組：because, reason, due to, since, so that, therefore等
(2) 表示目的關(guān)系的詞或詞組：in order to, so as to, by等
(3) 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞或詞組：but, however, yet等
(4) 表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞或詞組：contrary to, unlike, like等
答題技巧三：題文同序
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的閱讀部分，問(wèn)題順序與原文順序一致(有時(shí)順序不一致)，這就要求考生應(yīng)該按照題目的順序依次做題。
答題技巧四：分解對(duì)應(yīng)
分解對(duì)應(yīng)四分法：快速將問(wèn)題分解成4個(gè)部分(主A 謂B賓C+其他D)，與原文進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
答題技巧五：選小不選大
四級(jí)閱讀中，問(wèn)題的范圍必須小于原文范圍，反之則不選。
不能選的選項(xiàng)為：
(1) 選項(xiàng)的信息與原文內(nèi)容相反
(2) 選項(xiàng)將原文的意思張冠李戴
(3) 將原文中的不確定因素轉(zhuǎn)化為確定因素
(4) 改變?cè)闹械臈l件、范圍等
答題技巧六： 主賓判定
四級(jí)閱讀中，將題干的句子進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單分解后，問(wèn)題中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)在原文未出現(xiàn)或被偷換概念，則不選。
不選的選項(xiàng)：
(1) 選項(xiàng)表述無(wú)中生有
(2) 原文中作者的目的、意圖、愿望等內(nèi)容在選項(xiàng)作為客觀事實(shí)陳述
(3) 將原文中的特殊情況推廣為普遍現(xiàn)象
(4) 將原文的內(nèi)容具體化
(5) 隨意比較原文中的兩個(gè)事物
答題技巧七：相關(guān)信息準(zhǔn)確合并
考生遇到問(wèn)題時(shí)，不能只局限在某一段里面找答案，可以先做后面的題目，在后面的閱讀中發(fā)現(xiàn)還有該題的答案時(shí)，將相關(guān)信息合并后再確定答案。
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