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2016年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解突破習(xí)題

　　After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists hadgood news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人數(shù)) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in thisearthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook Americain 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.

　　Injuries anddeaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m.On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition, __3__made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years havestrengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ toquakes.

　　In the past,making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such assteel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift abuilding off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the buildingand its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, calledsmart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to anearthquake’s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, thecomputer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The newdesigns should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen takeplace.

　　The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save manylives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

　　[A]changes

　　[B]flexible

　　[C]decrease

　　[D]recent

　　[E]push

　　[F]reduce

　　[G]relatively

　　[H]safety

　　[I]resistant

　　[J]expensive

　　[K]force

　　[L]accordingly

　　[M]intensity

　　[N]security

　　[O]opposed

　　(答案)

　　1.選M)。此處應(yīng)填名詞，作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，作為后置定語(yǔ)修飾earthquake，說(shuō)明該名詞是“地震”的自然屬性。選項(xiàng)中的名詞有changes，safety，intensity和security，只有intensity可以表示地震的強(qiáng)度，故選M)。

　　2.選G)。此處應(yīng)填副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞less。選項(xiàng)中的副詞有relatively“相對(duì)的”和accordingly“相應(yīng)的”，第一段說(shuō)這次地震和1998年的那次地震程度一樣，但造成的損失卻小很多，再?gòu)暮缶渲?ldquo;高速路上的車(chē)輛不是很多”可以推斷：這次的地震造成的“死傷人數(shù)”與1998年比少很多，即少是相對(duì)的，故選G)relatively。

　　3.選A)�？崭裰幸畹脑~是本句話(huà)中的主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)為名詞。這句話(huà)的主干是have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways,從第三段的內(nèi)容和注釋3的解析可知：建筑結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了變化，故應(yīng)選擇A)changes。

　　4.選I)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞，和其前面的more構(gòu)成形容詞的比較級(jí)，描述新型建筑與地震有關(guān)的性能。them = the city’s buildings and highways, have strengthened "被加固"說(shuō)明他們更有抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力了。選項(xiàng)中的四個(gè)形容詞只有resistant符合這個(gè)意思，故選I)。

　　5.選B)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞，修飾名詞materials。從后面的...bent without breaking "即使彎曲也不會(huì)折斷"，說(shuō)明是有韌性的材料。選項(xiàng)中的四個(gè)形容詞只有flexible表示“柔韌的，可變形的”，故B)正確。

　　6.選F)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。根據(jù)上下文insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation“在建筑物和地基之間填充橡膠和鋼材”是為了減少the impact of ground vibrations"地面震動(dòng)對(duì)建筑物的影響"。選項(xiàng)中decrease和reduce都可以表示“減少”的意思，前者指穩(wěn)定的逐步地減少，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)在大小、程度或強(qiáng)度方面下降或減少。故F)reduce更符合題意。

　　7.選D)。根據(jù)注釋3，可以推知，這里要填的詞是和前面的In the past, Laer相對(duì)應(yīng)的，選項(xiàng)中的形容詞中只有recent可表示時(shí)間，the mostrecent desighs“最近的設(shè)計(jì)”，在原文中可以對(duì)應(yīng)“過(guò)去，后來(lái)”，故D)為正確答案。

　　18.選K)。前面提到了智能建筑，這里說(shuō)明當(dāng)?shù)卣鹗惯@樣的建筑向前倒的時(shí)候，電腦會(huì)怎樣它，使它相反方向移動(dòng)。在動(dòng)詞push和force之間懸著。push強(qiáng)調(diào)的是外加的力量，而這里的拖力者是與智能建筑一體的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)，故這里force符合文意。

　　9.選N)。此后應(yīng)填名詞，做動(dòng)詞offer的賓語(yǔ)。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的抗震措施，本句是這些措施的結(jié)果�？拐鹦徒ㄖ䴙槌鞘刑峁┑膽�(yīng)該是更多的安全保障，選項(xiàng)中表示“安全”的詞有safety和security，前者是處于安全狀態(tài)，不受傷害，沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)，多用于人身，貨物。后者常指國(guó)家社會(huì)的免遭戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，災(zāi)難而安然無(wú)恙，故N)security更符合文意。

　　10.選J)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。從后面的However后的一句說(shuō)明智能建筑的優(yōu)點(diǎn)而得知，However前所說(shuō)的是智能建筑的缺點(diǎn)。既然智能建筑很聰明，又是新事物，那么建造起來(lái)肯定會(huì)耗費(fèi)很多資金的，所以選J)expensive。

　　2.Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1__________ you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2__________ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3__________ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4__________ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5__________ to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.

　　So what principles should you 6__________ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7__________ in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8__________ , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 __________, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10__________ three items or three estimates.

　　[A]possession

　　[B]save

　　[C]best

　　[D]appliance

　　[E]material

　　[F]from

　　[G]simple

　　[H]with

　　[I]in

　　[J]element

　　[K]model

　　[L]item

　　[M]easy

　　[N]adopt

　　[O]reasonable

　　答案：【解析】[B]save 本文主要講理智的購(gòu)物可以省很多錢(qián)的問(wèn)題。你購(gòu)買(mǎi)一件物品或者一份服務(wù)的方式真的可以給你省錢(qián)或者讓你多花錢(qián)，所以此處空格填save，節(jié)省。

　　2.【解析】[G]simple 就拿吹風(fēng)機(jī)作一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子�？崭裉幱胹imple形容例子符合文章所表達(dá)的意思。

　　3.【解析】[C]best 如果你要買(mǎi)一個(gè)吹風(fēng)機(jī)，當(dāng)你選了一個(gè)外觀(guān)你非常喜歡而且價(jià)格又是最便宜的，你一定認(rèn)為你買(mǎi)了最好的東西。make the best buy即是說(shuō)買(mǎi)了最好的東西。

　　4.【解析】[I]in 以怎樣的價(jià)格用固定短語(yǔ)in price。最便宜的價(jià)格就是the cheapest in price。

　　5.【解析】[K]model 意為"樣式，型"。當(dāng)你把它買(mǎi)回家，你才發(fā)現(xiàn)它要花兩倍于較貴的吹風(fēng)機(jī)所花的時(shí)間來(lái)吹干你的頭發(fā)。a more expensive model更貴的一款。

　　6.【解析】[N]adopt 意為"采用"。那么你外出購(gòu)物時(shí)應(yīng)該采用什么樣的原則呢?adopt principles "采用原則"，principles 需要用adopt 來(lái)搭配。

　　7.【解析】[A]possession 意為"擁有物"。如果你保持你的家、你的車(chē)，或者任何一件值錢(qián)的物品處于一種良好的狀態(tài)中，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的眼光來(lái)看你會(huì)省錢(qián)。

　　8.【解析】[D]appliance 意為"用品，器具"。在你買(mǎi)一個(gè)新的用品之前，先與有這個(gè)物品的人交流一下。

　　9.【解析】[L]item 在買(mǎi)一個(gè)貴的東西之前，要看好價(jià)格和正在出售的物品。item可用來(lái)指代物品。

　　10.【解析】[F]from 這個(gè)空格前是動(dòng)詞choose，從中作出選擇即用介詞from來(lái)搭配。

　　3. It seems you always forget-your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...

　　Such absent-mindedness may be 1__________ to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2__________ sees.

　　The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3__________ the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4__________ by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5__________ label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.

　　It could be used in 6__________ plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7__________ device.

　　A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8__________ could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9__________ accident black spots or dangers on the road."

　　In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10__________ points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.

　　[A] allow

　　[B] instance

　　[C] blank

　　[D] industrial

　　[E] frustrating

　　[F] items

　　[G] indicating

　　[H] highlight

　　[I] user

　　[J] complicated

　　[K] white

　　[L] annoying