2014英語四級(jí)聽力技巧匯總
通過對(duì)歷年試卷的聽力部分所作的題項(xiàng)分析，充分表明考生聽力的高低完全取決于他們是否具備了以下4個(gè)方面的基礎(chǔ)：
一. 堅(jiān)實(shí)的語言基礎(chǔ)
二. 一定的文化背景知識(shí)
三. 基本的聽力技能
四. 正確有效的聽音習(xí)慣
聽力材料的選材原則一般基于以下三點(diǎn)：
一. 對(duì)話部分為校園生活中的一般對(duì)話，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容不太復(fù)雜
二. 短文部分的材料是題材熟情節(jié)不太復(fù)雜的故事、講話或敘述等
三. 所用詞匯不超過教學(xué)大綱詞匯表規(guī)定的范圍
對(duì)于占據(jù)35%的聽力部分，以下最直接，最具體的考試技巧，一定會(huì)讓你多份考試的信心。
(一)Short Conversations
聽對(duì)話的注意事項(xiàng)：
1) 提前閱讀選項(xiàng)，判斷問題所屬，從而集中精力于有關(guān)信息
2) 注意根據(jù)信息詞匯判斷地點(diǎn)和說話人的身份職業(yè)等
3) 注意加減運(yùn)算，聽到的不是答案
4) 注意記筆記，將人物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間等對(duì)號(hào)入座從語法、短語含義入手，判斷隱含之意
題目序號(hào)：11-18
及格數(shù)量：5-6道 推薦準(zhǔn)確數(shù)量：6-7題
重點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景：Airport(flight)， restaurant hotel
重點(diǎn)主題：Campus life， job-hutting
核心技巧：
1、后句比前句重要，回答比提問重要
2、若選項(xiàng)中個(gè)別單詞或短語被明顯播讀，此項(xiàng)多為錯(cuò)項(xiàng)
3、最好能夠聽懂問題在問什么
例題：
2006年6月四級(jí)考試第9題
A.Helen is talkative B. Helen is active C. Helen is sociable D. Helen is quite
原文：
M：We’ve got three women researchers in our group, Mary, Betty and Helen. Do you know them?
W: Sure, Mary is active and sociable. Betty is the most talkative woman I’ve ever met. But guess what?Helen is just the opposite.
Q: what do we know from the conversation?
解析：可以明顯看出，本題的答案為D.其中，另外三項(xiàng)的形容詞都被讀到，而quite恰好是talkative與opposite組合的一個(gè)同義替換。
2008年12月四級(jí)考試第17題
A) She wants to get some sleep. B) She needs time to write a paper.
C) She has a literature class to attend. D) She is troubled by her sleep problem.
原文：
M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee?
W: I'd love to, but I'm exhausted.(疲憊) I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper for my literature class.
Q: Why does the woman decline the man's invitation?
解析：準(zhǔn)確答案A。用來替換I'm exhausted(疲倦)，同義替換，聽到的慎選。
(二)Longer Conversations
題目序號(hào)：19-25
及格數(shù)量：4 推薦準(zhǔn)確數(shù)量：5-6道
重點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景：Airport(flight) hotel
重點(diǎn)主題：Campus life job-hutting
核心技巧：1、視聽基本一致。(聽什么選什么)
2、順序答題
例題： 2007年12月
23. A)She is thirsty for promotion. C)She is tired of her present work.
B)She wants a much higher salary. D)She wants to save travel expenses.
24. A)Translator. C)Language instructor.
B)Travel agent. D)Environmental engineer.
25. A)Lively personality and inquiring mind.
B)Communication skills and team spirit.
C)Devotion and work efficiency.
D)Education and experience.
答案：CAD
原文：
W：Oh! I’m fed up with my job!(第一次作對(duì)第23題的機(jī)會(huì)，be fed up with sth/sb意思為厭倦某事或某人)
M：Hey!There’s a perfect job for you in the paper today. You might be interested.
W：Oh?What is it?What do they want?
M：Wait a minute…Ah，here it is. The European Space Agency. It’s recruiting translators.(第24題。視聽基本一致)
W：The European Space Agency?
M：Well，That is what it says. They need an English translator(第24題。視聽基本一致) to work from French or German.
W：So they need a degree in French or German，I suppose. Well，I’ve got that. What’s more? I’ve plenty of experience. What else are they asking for?
M：Just that.. A university degree，and 3 or 4 years experience as a translator in a professional environment.
They also say，the person should have a lively and inquiring mind，effective communication skills，and the ability to work individually，or as a part of the team.(第25題AB項(xiàng)同時(shí)被讀到，于是就都錯(cuò)了)
W：Well，if I stay on my present job much longer，I won’t have any mind or skills left.(作對(duì)第23題的第二次機(jī)會(huì)) By the way，what about the salary?I just hope it isn’t lower than what I get now.
M：It’s said to be negotiable. It depends on the applicant’s education and experience.(最后被讀到，第25題準(zhǔn)確答案。視聽基本一致) In addition to basic salary，there’s a list extra benefits. Have a look yourself.
W：Em…travel and social security plus relocation expenses are paid. Hey，this isn’t bad，I really want the job.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard:
23. Why is the woman trying to find a new job?
24. What position is being advertised in the paper?
25. What are the key factors that determine the salary of the new position?
(三)Passage Comprehensions
題目序號(hào)：26-35
及格數(shù)量：6 推薦準(zhǔn)確數(shù)量：8道
核心技巧：1、視聽基本一致
2、順序答題，首尾句，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等重點(diǎn)詞匯
例題： 2007年12月第一篇短文聽力
26. A)They care a lot about children.
B)They need looking after in their old age.
C)They want to enrich their life experience.
D)They want children to keep them company.
27.A)They are usually adopted from distant places.
B)Their birth information is usually kept secret.
C)Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.
D)Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.
28. A)They generally hold bad feeling towards their birth parents.
B)They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.
C)They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.
D)They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.
29. A)Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.
B)Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.
C)Understanding is the key to successful adoption.
D)Adoption has much to do with love.
答案：ABCD
原文：
When couples get married，they usually plan to have children，Sometimes，however，a couple can not have a child of their own. In this case，they may decide to adopt a child. In fact，adoption is very common today. There are about 60,000 adoptions each year in the United States alone. Some people prefer to adopt infants. Others adopt older children. Some couples adopt children from their own families，they all adopt children for the same reason. They care about children(第26題) and want to give their adopted child a happy life.
Most adopted children know that they are adopted. Psychologists and childcare experts generally think this is a good idea. However，many adopted children or adoptees have very little information about their biological parents. As a matter of fact，it is often very difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents because the birth records of most adoptees are usually sealed. The information is secret，(第27題)so no one can see it.
Naturally，adopted children have different feelings about their birth parents. Many adoptees want to search for them，but others do not. The decision to search for birth parents is a difficult one to make.
Most adoptees have mixed feelings about finding their biological parents. (第28題)Even though adoptees do not know about their natural parents，they do know that their adoptive parents want them，love them and will care for them.
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.
26.According to the speaker，why do some couples adopt children?
27.Why is it difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents?
28.Why do many adoptees find it hard to make the decision to search for their birth parents?
29.What can we infer from the passage?
(四)Compound Dictation
題目序號(hào)：36-46 (前八題每題0.5分，后三題每題2分)
及格數(shù)量：6分 (寫對(duì)至少5個(gè)單詞，至少寫出2句話的大意)
推薦準(zhǔn)確數(shù)量：及格數(shù)量
核心技巧：
1、一支好筆
2、不要直接寫在答題卡上，需要稍后謄寫
3、句子一定要有完整結(jié)構(gòu)，注意檢查語法。
4、整齊，干凈
5、盡量多寫，不要放棄
復(fù)合式聽寫是對(duì)應(yīng)試者聽的能力、拼寫能力、記筆記能力和書面表達(dá)的能力的綜合測(cè)試。它要求應(yīng)試者不僅聽懂內(nèi)容，熟練而準(zhǔn)確地拼寫單詞，更重要的是將其歸納、總結(jié)，把主要意思通過筆頭表達(dá)出來。在整個(gè)聽力理解過程中，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
1) 利用讀指令的這段時(shí)間，大致瀏覽一遍短文，了解一下全文語意意群的內(nèi)容，通過閱讀，對(duì)于所有要聽的文字材料在頭腦中形成一個(gè)大概印象，并對(duì)要填寫的文字進(jìn)行初步猜測(cè)。
2) 錄音在放第三遍的時(shí)，應(yīng)試者除了填充前兩遍沒有聽懂的部分之外，主要精力應(yīng)放在檢查已填充的詞、詞組和句子是否正確上。許多容易形成筆誤的部分應(yīng)該在這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一一排除。例如，字母大小寫問題，單詞的拼寫，名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，名詞所有格，單數(shù)第三人稱，冠詞的運(yùn)用，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的統(tǒng)一，主謂一致，詞的前綴后綴等。
3) 太長(zhǎng)的詞可先簡(jiǎn)寫詞頭，以后再補(bǔ)充。
4) 注意力不要跟著閱讀人的速度走，最好先到空格處，以集中精力聽寫。
5) 要學(xué)會(huì)放棄，不會(huì)的和聽不懂的不要糾纏，以免影響后面的發(fā)揮。
6) 養(yǎng)成良好的應(yīng)試心理，這對(duì)聽力考試尤為重要。
要想做好復(fù)合式聽寫的第二部分——寫出要點(diǎn)，需要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：
1. 分析，歸納和總結(jié)所聽內(nèi)容
所謂寫出要點(diǎn)就是概括地寫出主要意思。因此，并不需要把聽到的內(nèi)容全部寫出來，凡是涉及到事物發(fā)展過程，背景等次要情節(jié)都不必寫出，而是寫出主干和結(jié)論，也就是講話人要說明的內(nèi)容。
2. 簡(jiǎn)化句子與結(jié)構(gòu)
在聽的過程中，往往會(huì)聽到一個(gè)內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)都很復(fù)雜的句子，此時(shí)要抓住要點(diǎn)，可以把一個(gè)很復(fù)雜的句子簡(jiǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句表達(dá)出來
3. 邊聽邊記錄
由于一篇文章內(nèi)容較多，只讀三遍，速度快，即使聽懂也難免遺漏內(nèi)容，所以養(yǎng)成在聽的過程中用英語或漢語簡(jiǎn)單快速地記下某些內(nèi)容，以便寫重點(diǎn)時(shí)參考。
4. 抓住關(guān)鍵詞，參考主題句
在聽的時(shí)候，要注意文章內(nèi)的關(guān)鍵詞和每段開頭與結(jié)尾的句子，抓住幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，再參考每段的主題句，猜測(cè)文章的主要內(nèi)容和句子的主要意思，再用簡(jiǎn)單語言把它寫出來也能得一定的分?jǐn)?shù)。
5. 用簡(jiǎn)單的語言寫要點(diǎn)
寫要點(diǎn)時(shí)要注意語言的完整性和表達(dá)的正確性，要避免語法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤，要寫完整的句子而不是單個(gè)詞或短語。
關(guān)于復(fù)合式聽寫我們可以當(dāng)作一篇Cloze來做，通過對(duì)語篇的理解來猜測(cè)空格處有可能填的詞匯和要點(diǎn)。在播放directions的時(shí)候做個(gè)小小的分析，可以讓我們?cè)诼牭臅r(shí)候更加有目的性。
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