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大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)四類(lèi)議論文寫(xiě)作技巧
一、正反觀點(diǎn)型
題目就某一事物或者社會(huì)現(xiàn)象給出兩個(gè)對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)，要求考生對(duì)比這兩種觀點(diǎn)，表明自己的看法和立場(chǎng)。遇到此類(lèi)題目時(shí)，考生應(yīng)在開(kāi)篇引出有正義的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，在主題部分分別論述，在最后一段總結(jié)出自己的觀點(diǎn)。
以題為Should We Use Animals in Experiments? 的作文為例，考生可以參考一下步驟行文：
1) 先引出兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即一部分人同意，而另一部分人表示反對(duì)，如：
Nowadays，experimental usage of animals has become a major concern around the world. Attitudes towards this issue vary greatly. Some people think that it doesn’t matter to use animals in experiments，but some other people don’t agree with them.
2) 然后在主題部分分別論述，如：
Those people who think that we should use animals believe that human beings are the lord of the world. They argue that they have the rights to kill other animals. While others believe that it is inhuman to disrespect other creatures. Animals suffer physically and mentally as human beings do. Using animals in experiments is an extremely crude behavior.
3) 總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。如：
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of view. It would be at stake to depend on the results of animal experiment, since they differ from us in many ways. Experiments on animals are not quite necessary and reliable. Hence, we should stop such non-profitable experiments.
二、 簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)論型
要求考生對(duì)某一事物或者社會(huì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行客觀分析和評(píng)論�？忌趯�(xiě)此類(lèi)文章時(shí)，應(yīng)在開(kāi)篇引出評(píng)論對(duì)象，然后分析評(píng)論，最后進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
以題為Is Studying Abroad a Good or Bad Choice?的作文為例，考生可以參考以下步驟行文：
1) 引出評(píng)論對(duì)象，如：
Studying abroad is a common occurrence in our lives. The attitudes towards this issue vary from person to person. Some people say that they dislike it. But I believe that there are many advantages for us to studying abroad.
2) 分點(diǎn)展開(kāi)評(píng)論，如：
For one thing，studying in another country will help students know about a new culture, and there will be a chance for them to experience cultures different from theirs. For another, living in a foreign country will help students develop their abilities. They will have to handle a lot of new situations which will challenge their capability a lot. Last but not least, talking with native speakers day and night, they are quite possible to master that language better than students at home.
3) 最后總結(jié)，如：
To conclude, I think that the students who choose to go abroad to study have made a good decision. Such experience will be useful and memorable for all their lives.
三、 問(wèn)題解決型
題目給出的問(wèn)題大多是當(dāng)今社會(huì)的熱門(mén)話題，要求考生針對(duì)該問(wèn)題進(jìn)行論述，或指出問(wèn)題的危害，或分析問(wèn)題的原因，最后給出解決問(wèn)題的建議。寫(xiě)好此類(lèi)文章的關(guān)鍵是“解決”問(wèn)題。開(kāi)篇要提出問(wèn)題，可以適當(dāng)描述一下人們對(duì)該問(wèn)題的普遍態(tài)度和看法;主題要詳細(xì)闡述該問(wèn)題，或說(shuō)明其起因，或論述其危害，或兩者兼而有之;最后提出解決問(wèn)題的辦法，給出的辦法應(yīng)既符合邏輯又合乎情理。
以題為On the Shortage of Fresh Water 的作文為例，考生可以參考以下步驟行文：
1) 提出問(wèn)題，適當(dāng)描述人們對(duì)該問(wèn)題的看法，如：
Nowadays, global shortage of fresh water has become a serious problem on our planet. Many
People think that water will never be used up and we never have to worry about water shortage.
2) 說(shuō)明原因，如：
The truth is that water is rather limited on the earth. A large amount of water has been polluted every day. And many people don’t pay much attention on saving water so that it has been wasted seriously. At the same time, water is more needed than before due to the rapid increase of population and fast development of industries.
3) 提出解決辦法，如：
What can we do? First. I think people should be aware of the situation about the shortage of fresh water, and everyone should learn to save water. Second, certain laws should be made to punish those who polluted water. And government should take measures to protect the existing water resource. In this way, perhaps the problem will not be a problem in the future.
四、格言警句型
給出的題目一般是一句諺語(yǔ)或名人名言,要求考生針對(duì)該諺語(yǔ)或名言闡述自己的理解,并舉例論證。此類(lèi)文章也應(yīng)分三段開(kāi)展：第一段引出格言或諺語(yǔ)，闡述自己的理解;第二段進(jìn)行例證，最后一段總結(jié)從中獲得的教益。以題為Haste Makes Waste的作文為例，考生可以參考一下步驟行文：
1) 引出格言，闡述自己的理解，如：
The old proverb ” Haste Makes Waste” remind me that the quicker you do something, the worse the result is. It is correct in many case even today.
2) 舉例說(shuō)明，如：
It can be proved by many facts. For example, when I was young, I love flower very much. I couldn’t wait to see the flowers in bloom, so I watered and fertilized it every day. But the result is that the flower died in no time. Moreover, we can always learn that someone killed himself in a terrible accident caused by his high speed in driving.
3) 總結(jié)獲得的教訓(xùn)，如：
Always remember that ” Haste Makes Waste” and work hard for a solid progress. I’m sure you’ll benefit a lot by doing so.
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