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英語(yǔ)四級(jí)改錯(cuò)題考點(diǎn):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

時(shí)間:2025-02-09 00:39:26 等級(jí)考試 我要投稿

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)改錯(cuò)題考點(diǎn):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

  謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,有行為動(dòng)詞,系動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞等幾種,其中行為動(dòng)詞又包括及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的概念.兩者都是動(dòng)詞,但是前者是作謂語(yǔ)成分,后者不能作謂語(yǔ)成分.而謂語(yǔ)成分就是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的,一般由動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞承擔(dān).

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)改錯(cuò)題考點(diǎn):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

  一、 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主謂一致

 、、主謂分割原則

  例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle,

  A

  America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.

  B      C      D

  分析:C錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為symbolizes。主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用逗號(hào)分割開(kāi),主語(yǔ)the bald eagle為單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。

 、凇⑴c后者一致原則

  not…but, 強(qiáng)調(diào)but后面的名詞,

  not only…but also

 、邸⑴c前者一致原則

  名詞+with/together with/as well as/including+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)用is,

  中心詞在前面,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與前面的名詞保持一致

  例:The athlete, together with his coach and

  A      B  C

  several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.

  D

  分析:D錯(cuò),與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與the athlete 保持一致,改為is

  ④、就近原則

  or, either…or, neither…nor,

  單數(shù)名詞+or+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are

  如果把句子變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句,也就是把be動(dòng)詞提到前面,那么變?yōu)閕s

  所以注意一點(diǎn): 如果是陳述句,靠后面近,用復(fù)數(shù)

  如果是疑問(wèn)句,靠前面近,用單數(shù)

  例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are

  A      B

  amazingly complex for single-celled animals.

  C              D

  分析:A錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為and。從謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式判斷,主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù),or連接兩個(gè)名詞時(shí)動(dòng)詞和后面的名詞保持一致,behavior是用單數(shù)形式,因此只有改為并列連詞and才能使主謂在數(shù)上保持一致。

 、荻ㄕZ(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)就近原則

  There are five apples that are red.

  apples是復(fù)數(shù),因此從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)。

  例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets

  A

  carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

  B   C    D

  分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為lasts。從句的邏輯主語(yǔ)a supply為單數(shù),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。

 、辴he +形容詞主謂一致

  The rich are not always happier than the poor.

  The rich 表示一類(lèi)人,應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)

 、、倒裝句的主謂一致

  改錯(cuò)題倒裝句的主謂一致一般考兩種情況:

  a. there be 句型

  there be+名詞+名詞,那么最近的名詞決定其形式

  b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名詞,名詞其實(shí)是主語(yǔ),所以be和名詞保持一致

  例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.

  A     B      C    D

  分析:there be 句型由最近的名詞決定其形式,society當(dāng)然用單數(shù),A錯(cuò),there are 改為there is

  例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific

  A     B

  Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30

  C

  miles in width.

  D

  分析:倒裝句,are改為is

  例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and

  A    B       C

  Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film

  D

  presented on the five-story-tall screen.

  分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為films , 主語(yǔ)實(shí)際上是名詞,應(yīng)該與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持一致。

 、、百分比結(jié)構(gòu)的主謂一致

  fifty percent of + 名詞

  one percent of + 名詞

  謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和百分比多少?zèng)]有關(guān)系,主要取決于后面的名詞,比如:

  one percent of my students + are

  fifty percent of my time is spent on working.

  這里要強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)

  half of =fifty percent

  most of + 可數(shù)名詞 + are

  most of + 不可數(shù)名詞+ is

  例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been

  A       B         C

  found in central and eastern Canada.

  D

  分析:C錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為have been。介詞of的賓語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)的中心詞half當(dāng)然表復(fù)數(shù),相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized

  A   B

  in the United States are for foods and beverages.

  C     D

  分析:A錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為packages。從謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式判斷出主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。注意food用復(fù)數(shù)表示不同種類(lèi)的食品,beverage用復(fù)數(shù)表示不同種類(lèi)的飲料,故(C)、(D)均沒(méi)有錯(cuò)

  二、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

 、佟⒅饕疾鞎r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

  例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.

  A        B  C     D

  分析:Metal, aluminum同位語(yǔ),in the nineteenth century為明顯表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ), 因此應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),把has been改為was

  ②、For和since的區(qū)別

  區(qū)別一:For 后面使用時(shí)間段,since 后面使用時(shí)間點(diǎn)

  區(qū)別二:Since 只能用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),F(xiàn)or 最主要用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)

  I has been a teacher for three years.

  I has been a teacher since 1996.

  I was a teacher for three years. 這種表達(dá)可以,for three years表示一段時(shí)間,was 表示過(guò)去做了三年,現(xiàn)在不是老師了

  例: Since 1921 the budget of the United States became

  A      B

  the primary responsibility of the president.

  C    D

  分析:A錯(cuò),應(yīng)改 In. since一般要求主句用完成時(shí)態(tài),而句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去式,其時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)與之呼應(yīng),故改Since為In。

  例:Adella Prentiss Hrghes served as manager of

  A  B  C

  the Cleveland Orchestra since fifteen years.

  D

  分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為for。since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般完成時(shí);主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)要用介詞for;而且一段時(shí)間用for, 而不是since。

  52. In general, prawns lived in shallow coastal waters or in streams.

  A       B        C     D

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