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17年公共英語pets-3級備考訓練題
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Passage Eight (The Improving Economic Situation In Greece)
Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from ‘invisible earnings’ to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.
It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus -- $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities.
In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I don’t mean to minimize the vast extent of Greece’s problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here:
“Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.”
Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.
Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome - without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.
1. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is
[A] Greek income and expenditures.
[B] The improving economic situation in Greece.
[C] The value of tourism.
[D] Military expenditures.
2. Many peasants earn less than
[A] $60 a week.
[B] $2 a week.
[C] $1 a day.
[D] $10 a month.
3. The Greek Government spends
[A] more than 25%of its budget on military terms.
[B] More than its collects.
[C] A third of a billion dollars in gold.
[D] Less than 25% of its budget on military terms.
4. According to the passage, Greece has
[A] a dictatorship.
[B] a monarchy.
[C] a single majority party.
[D] too much red tape.
5. Greece imports annually goods and materials
[A] totaling almost $700 million.
[B] that balance exports.
[C] that are paid by tourists.
[D] costing $66 million.
Vocabulary
1. remittance 匯款(額)
2. wash out 洗掉，3. 取消、告吹、沖掉、筋疲力盡
4. drachma 古希5. 臘銀幣 德拉克馬(現(xiàn)代希6. 臘貨幣單位)
7. lot 份額
8. incompatible 水火不9. 相容的，10. 不11. 能共存的
12. coalesce (政黨)聯(lián)合，13. 愈合，14. 接合
15. highlight 光線最強處，16. 最重要部分，17. 最精彩場面
18. margin (成本和售價的)差額，19. 空白，20. 邊緣
21. bog down 陷于困境，22. 使停頓
23. red tape 官樣文章，24. 煩瑣和拖拉的公務程序
25. shrewdness 清明，26. 機靈
27. deadlock 僵局，28. 僵持;使陷于僵局
難句譯注
1. Greece, economically is in the black.
【參考譯文】希2. 臘經(jīng)濟上說是贏利/富裕的
3. With very little export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from invisible earnings to pay its needed, growing imports.
【參考譯文】除了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，4. 如煙草、棉花和水果之外，希5. 臘沒有什么出口貨，6. 但它從“無形的收益”中掙不7. 少，8. 足夠致富所需的一切9. ――日益增長的進口貨。
10. This washes out almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.
【參考譯文】這筆錢沖掉了進口超過出口近4億美元的差額。
11. So far most American and other foreign attempts have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.
【參考譯文】到目前為止由于希12. 臘政府那種繁瑣而13. 又拖拉的公務程序和對小事的精明，14. 大多數(shù)美國和其他國家的嘗試的工作都陷入困境。
15. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.
【參考譯文】他們絕望地陷于意見和觀點完全分歧的僵局之中。
16. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris and Rome - without the sky-high prices of traffic chocked streets of either.
【參考譯文】噴氣式飛機的發(fā)展使雅典和巴黎、羅馬一樣很容易到達，17. 卻沒有那兩個城市的交通堵塞的接到的高昂代價。
寫作方法與文章大意
這是一篇以過去和現(xiàn)在對比的手法，論述了希臘經(jīng)濟，主要是旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。過去，希臘以無形資產(chǎn)贏得之利潤，來消除赤字，還可稍有節(jié)余。但貧窮、事業(yè)情況嚴重，政府辦事拖拉、繁瑣也影響國外的投資，雖然早在1956年就準備擴展旅游業(yè)，但意見分歧。現(xiàn)在，情況大變，就旅游一項年收入由3100萬增至9000 萬美元。
答案詳解
1. B 希2. 臘經(jīng)濟形式的改善。文章圍繞這一中心而3. 寫。文章一開始就提出希4. 臘出口除了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品之外，5. 沒有什么東西，而6. 無形資產(chǎn)如旅游、運輸和國外的匯款等可掙得37500萬7. 美元。兩項加在一起來抵消入超赤字近4億美元，8. 稍 9. 有結余。第三段指10. 出，希11. 臘是自由歐洲最窮的國家，12. 許多農(nóng)民年收入為60-13. 70美元。失業(yè)現(xiàn)象席卷城市鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，14. 建立工業(yè)基地的自然資源極少。政府的繁瑣事務程序，15. 關注瑣事等情況使美國和其他國家試圖展開工作陷于停滯狀態(tài)。第四段開始指16. 出1956年起開拓旅游業(yè)，17. 不18. 過意見還是分歧。第五斷提出今天驚人的變化， 19. 美麗的歷史古城呈現(xiàn)新貌，20. 就旅游一項收入由3100萬21. 增至9000萬22. 美元。旅館面貌大變。
A.希23. 臘的收支。C.旅游的價值。D.軍事費用。
24. B少于2美元一星期。文章第三段第三句：最佳情況，25. 年收入為60-26. 70美元使大多數(shù)農(nóng)民的份額。所以B項最接近年收入。
A.60美元一星期。C.一天一美元。D.一個月10美元。
27. A 百分之25以上用于軍事。第二段：雖然四個德拉克馬中有一個用于國防，28. 政府最終還稍29. 有結余――6600萬30. 美元。
B.比收入的還多。C.十億金子中的三分之一。D.少于百分之25。
31. C單一大黨。第二段：希32. 臘的政府不33. 依靠水火不34. 相容的政黨之間的合作來取得一會的多數(shù)席位，35. 這說明是單一大黨。
A.獨裁、專政。B.君主政體。D.太多的繁瑣程序。
36. A總計幾乎在7億美元左右。第一段中提到希37. 臘出口商品價值28500萬38. 美元，而39. 進口超出出口4億美元。兩者相加為6億2千5百萬40. 美元，41. 相當于幾乎在7億美元左右。
B.和出口平衡。C.由旅游者支付。D.花費6600萬42. 美元。
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