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普特英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力：動(dòng)物可以欣賞音樂(lè)嗎
音樂(lè)是藝術(shù)門(mén)類(lèi)的一脈，也是作為人類(lèi)的一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，是伴隨著人類(lèi)的出現(xiàn)而產(chǎn)生的，是人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展到一定階段的產(chǎn)物。但是，除了人類(lèi)之外，動(dòng)物可以欣賞音樂(lè)嗎?答案盡在下面的普特英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力材料里。
Musical Mammals
Think humans are the only creatures capable of grooving to a beat? Think again. Turns out a growing number of animals are just as musically inclined.
Beyond Parrots
Now, you may already know that parrots and other birds that mimic human speech are also good at keeping time to a musical beat. Scientists think it’s a side effect of repeating human speech sounds.
But researchers have found that both sea lions and bonobos are also capable of bopping to a beat. Researchers beat a drum at around 280 beats per minute and found that bonobos were able to pick up the beat and play it on a specially designed drum.
Now, given that bonobos are closely related to humans, their rhythmic ability might not sound very surprising. In the wild, bonobos are known to beat on hollow trees. But sea lions are a different story they’re not known to follow or pick up a beat.
So it was surprising when researchers working with a sea lion they named Ronan were able to train her to bob her head in time to different tempos.
More Widespread
Beyond the fact that teaching a sea lion to groove to a beat is pretty cool, it also suggests that the ability may be much more widespread in the animal kingdom than we’ve assumed, and that keeping time to a beat is not limited to animals able to mimic human speech.
So we may not yet be at the point where we’ll see rock bands with seals or apes on drums, but when it comes to music, humans and other animals appear to have more in common than meets the eye.
懂音樂(lè)的動(dòng)物有哪些?
人類(lèi)是唯一能夠隨著節(jié)拍起舞的生物嗎?不是。事實(shí)上，越來(lái)越多的動(dòng)物顯示出音樂(lè)天賦。
除鸚鵡之外
你可能已經(jīng)知道鸚鵡和其他一些能夠模仿人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)也擅于把握音樂(lè)節(jié)拍�？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為這是它們重復(fù)人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言聲音而產(chǎn)生的副作用。
但是，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，海獅和倭黑猩猩也有樂(lè)感。研究人員以每分鐘約280次的速度擊鼓，發(fā)現(xiàn)倭黑猩猩能夠跟上節(jié)奏，并在一個(gè)特制的鼓上演奏出來(lái)。
由于倭黑猩猩是人類(lèi)的“近親”，它們具有節(jié)奏感也許并不稀奇。在野外，倭黑猩猩以能在中空的樹(shù)上擊打出節(jié)奏而聞名。但海獅卻不一樣，人們可從不知道它們能跟上節(jié)拍。
因此當(dāng)研究人員同一只名叫羅南的海獅共同協(xié)作，訓(xùn)練它能夠隨著不同的節(jié)拍搖頭晃腦就十分令人驚奇了。
更多有樂(lè)感的動(dòng)物
訓(xùn)練海獅“聞拍起舞”十分有范兒，但也這表明動(dòng)物王國(guó)中有樂(lè)感的動(dòng)物也許要比我們想象的多，能跟上節(jié)拍的動(dòng)物也不僅限于能夠“學(xué)舌”的動(dòng)物。
也許目前我們還看不到一個(gè)由海豹或猩猩組成的搖滾樂(lè)隊(duì)，但是，在音樂(lè)方面，人類(lèi)和其他動(dòng)物似乎比表面上看起來(lái)有更多共同點(diǎn)。
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