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2016年托�？荚嚦Ｓ镁湫秃驮~語(yǔ)搭配
托福作文高分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要是看考生詞匯、句型的運(yùn)用，以及托福作文結(jié)構(gòu)的處理。本文總結(jié)托福作文常用句型，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
(1)用于描寫(xiě)漫畫(huà)、圖表的常用句型
�、貯s the graph depicts, …
②From the cartoon /picture, we can see that…
�、跘ccording to the statistics shown in the first / second graph,
④The table shows / indicates / reveals that…
�、軮t can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that…
(2)用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型
①Recently,… has become the focus of the society.
�、�…has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.
③Nowadays there is a growing concern for…
�、躈owadays it is common to hear / see…
�、�…has become a common occurrence in our daily life.
�、轓owadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of…
�、逫t is only during the last / past few years that man has become generally aware that…
⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes…
�、酙n recent years, there is a general tendency…
⑩Nowadays… has become a problem we have to face.
(3)用于比較、闡述不同觀點(diǎn)的常用句型
�、賁ome people like / prefer…, while others are / feel inclined to…
②There are different opinions among people as to… Some believe… whole hold…
�、跾ome people claim that… is superior to… Others , however , disagree with it .
④Some people believe… Others maintain… Still others claim…
�、軸ome people suggest… Others, however, hold the opposite opinion.
�、轔n the one hand, people tend to… On the other hand, they feel…
�、逽ome people argue that… Others, in contrast, believe that…
�、郃lthough more and more people come to believe… there are still others who insist that…
�、酧n the contrary, there are people in favor of…
�、釺here are some people who hold different opinions about…
(4)用于陳述個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)/想法的常用句型
�、費(fèi)y own experience tells me that…
�、贗n my opinion, we should attack more importance to…
�、跘s for my own idea about… I believe…
④As far as I am concerned, I plan to…
⑤Personally, I prefer…
�、轎n my view, both sides are partly right in that…
�、連ut for me, I would rather…
�、郙y own point of view is that…
⑨In conclusion, I support the statement that…
�、釧s regards me, I tend to choose…
(5)用于書(shū)信寫(xiě)作的常用句型
①Thank you for your letter of…
�、贗t is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of… to accept…
③Thanks so much for your letter, which arrived…
�、躀 am writing to you with reference to…
�、軮 am writing to you in connection with…
�、轎 would be grateful if you could / would…
�、逫 would like to know some information on…
�、郔t will be appreciated if you can / could…
�、酙 would also like to know if you can / could…
⑩I look forward to hearing from you.
(6)用于結(jié)尾的常用句型
�、貴rom what has been discussed / mentioned above, we may conclude that…
�、赥herefore, it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that…
�、跧t is high time that something was done about…
�、蹻rom all the reasons / consideration above, it is evident / clear / obvious that…
�、軹aking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that…
⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented, I strongly recommend that…
�、逫t is clear, therefore, that…
⑧All in all, what really matters is, in fact, to…
�、酙t is essential that effective measure be taken to…
⑩From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that…
⑪ In conclusion, the most important is…
⑫ On the whole, it is high time that every one…
⑬As a result, we should take some effective steps to…
⑭ Judging by the figures / statistics, it is not difficult to see that…
⑮ Only in this way / in so doing, can be really…
托福高分作文標(biāo)志:
1、是否長(zhǎng)短句交叉;
2、是否會(huì)使用插入語(yǔ);
3、用詞是否多樣，準(zhǔn)確，形象，盡量使用能夠吸引閱卷老師眼球的閃光詞;
4、關(guān)鍵詞是否換用，切勿老用重復(fù)詞;
5、句型使用是否準(zhǔn)確、地道。
下面給出寫(xiě)好一篇作文的注意事項(xiàng)：
1、適當(dāng)用被動(dòng)替換主動(dòng)，這樣能更客觀的反映事實(shí), 句子開(kāi)頭不要總是用we / I (比如寫(xiě)結(jié)尾時(shí)不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 舉個(gè)經(jīng)典結(jié)尾2004年六月六級(jí)作文的最后一段：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so, its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.
2、善于使用插入語(yǔ)，比如說(shuō)把副詞、連接詞等，作插入語(yǔ)放在中間，一般放在主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。
如however / therefore / for example / I believe 做插入語(yǔ)放在中間，一般放在動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。
比如說(shuō)：Other individuals, however, take the attitude that …
3、一定要學(xué)會(huì)換詞，換形象，具體的替換太寬泛的。(考試中一般不要出現(xiàn)good, bad, many, thing, think, people, opinion等等)比如上面例子中，applicable替換proper, approaches替換ways, implement替換carry out, sharpen one's competitive edge替換enhance one's competitiveness(提高某物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力)
下面舉一篇南京工程學(xué)院某位同學(xué)寫(xiě)的優(yōu)秀作文(14分)的例子，看看他是如何運(yùn)用各類(lèi)寫(xiě)作技巧的。這位同學(xué)把老師上課講的各類(lèi)寫(xiě)作手法和精彩替換和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。
Computer and I (By Simmy)
I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.
exceedingly 替換 very
thrilling 替換 exciting
sth. exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替換 sb. be interested in sth.
google 替換 search
an army of 替換 a lot of
The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure!
The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一個(gè)精彩句型，用來(lái)描述在某個(gè)時(shí)期發(fā)生了什么事情;Increasing popularity 替換 more and more popular
Coincident with… 非常地道的句型，表達(dá)“與……一致”的意思，替換With …
Advancement 替換 development
Pour into (flood into / swarm into) 替換 enter into
Current (currently) 替換 now
Appeal to sb. 替換 sb. be interested in sth.
Growing individuals 替換 more and more people
It is no exaggeration to say 經(jīng)典句型， 說(shuō)某事是毫不夸張的
For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment. Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.
For a start 替換 To begin with
We can, freely, search 用了插入語(yǔ)的寫(xiě)作手法
Our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. 用了非常精彩的被動(dòng)
Additionally 替換 In addition / Besides
Deliver 替換 send
There is no denying that, however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen, which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.
There is no denying that, however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings. 這個(gè)句子有三個(gè)精彩之處，首先There is no denying that這個(gè)句型，還有however作為插入語(yǔ)，function in the disservice of 替換 do harm to
Emerging 替換 appearing (fading 替換 disappearing)
Net citizen 網(wǎng)民，屬于精彩用詞
As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computers do play a positive role in the development of people's lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should ,therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.
No garden has no weeds 替換 Every coin has two sides
Computers do play, do 強(qiáng)調(diào)
Positive 替換 important / good 等
A slice of 替換 a part of
Unfavorable 替換 bad
Impacts 替換 effects / influences
We should, therefore, take advantage of … 使用插入語(yǔ)
Fruits (而且fruits 用的非常形象，merits/ virtues) 替換 advantage (defects 替換 disadvantage) Facet 替換 aspect
以下是30個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞，各位同學(xué)可以參考一下:
1. individuals,characters, folks 替換 (people ,persons)
2. positive, favorable, rosy (美好的), promising (有希望的), perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替換 good
3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的) 替換bad
如果bad做表語(yǔ)，可以有be less impressive替換
eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.
4. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most) 替換 many.
注：用many, if not most一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。
Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替換 most.
5. a slice of, quiet a few , several 替換 some
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that,
hold the view that, it is widely shared that,
it is universally acknowledged that) 替 think (因?yàn)槭菚?shū)面語(yǔ)，所以要加that)
7. affair, business, matter 替換 thing
8. shared 代 common
9. reap huge fruits 替換 get many benefits
10. for my part, from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替換 more and more (注意沒(méi)有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用increasing/growing，修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly.)
Eg. sth has gained growing popularity.
Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.
12. little if anything, 或 little or nothing 替換 hardly
13. beneficial, rewarding 替換 helpful,
14. shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替換 customer
15. exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替換 very
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替換 unnecessary, avoidable
17. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換 sb take interest in / sb. be interested in
18. capture one's attention 替換 attract one's attention.
19. facet,demension,sphere 代 aspect
20. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 代 indicate, suggest, fear
21. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替換 cause.
22. There are several reasons behind sth 替換 ... reasons for sth
23. desire 替換 want.
24. pour attention into 替換 pay attention to
25. bear in mind that 替換 remember
26. enjoy, possess 替換 have (注意process是過(guò)程的意思)
27. interaction 替換 communication
28. frown on sth 替換 be against, disagree with sth
29. to name only a few, as an example 替換 for example, for instance
30. next to / virtually impossible, 替換nearly / almost impossible
托福寫(xiě)作之詞語(yǔ)如何搭配
托福寫(xiě)作中不少考生的作文整體語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單，或者偏口語(yǔ)化，卻摻雜了數(shù)個(gè)SAT閱讀詞匯，讀來(lái)別扭——也就是學(xué)生粗淺地知其大概中文意思，但根據(jù)中文意思再放到寫(xiě)作里頭便出現(xiàn)了不和諧，甚至是完全錯(cuò)誤的用法。下面我們來(lái)看看托福寫(xiě)作中詞語(yǔ)搭配問(wèn)題的解決方法。
先來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)準(zhǔn)確性。
譬如這樣一個(gè)句子：My writing ability increased by reading many books. 拆開(kāi)來(lái)看，每個(gè)英文單詞對(duì)應(yīng)的中文意思是對(duì)的。但存在一個(gè)問(wèn)題，ability和increase是不搭配的。任何一個(gè)單詞，都不能單純地說(shuō)用得好不好。語(yǔ)言是講究搭配的，簡(jiǎn)單常見(jiàn)的詞只要搭配合適，放置合適的語(yǔ)境，依然可以鍛造完美的句子。這個(gè)道理和穿衣混搭是一樣的。穿著漂亮不在于單品是如何大牌如何昂貴，而在于款式質(zhì)地的和諧，以及最后的上身效果。在這個(gè)句子中，increase表示增加的意思，主要表示數(shù)量的增加。盡管有時(shí)也能表示程度的增進(jìn)，但這里和ability的搭配是不正確的。一般我們說(shuō)develop one's ability，也可以說(shuō)improve one's ability. 因此，這句話得修改成My writing ability developed by reading many books. 當(dāng)然還可以修改得更地道一些。后半句想表達(dá)“閱讀”，學(xué)生一般的習(xí)慣是把“讀”和“書(shū)”全部翻譯出來(lái)。注意，寫(xiě)作是表達(dá)，不是翻譯。這么寫(xiě)固然是對(duì)的，還不夠理想。我們進(jìn)一步把句子修改成My writing ability developed by reading much. 從表達(dá)效果來(lái)講，已經(jīng)“達(dá)”了，考生想表述的意思和閱卷人讀到的意思完全吻合。當(dāng)然句子可以再繼續(xù)修改得更加豪華，本文暫不贅述。
那么，詞語(yǔ)的搭配如何檢驗(yàn)?zāi)?在各種班型的培訓(xùn)課程中，老師固然會(huì)提到一些典型搭配。但更為重要的是考生自己掌握檢驗(yàn)的方法。我個(gè)人比較推薦Oxford Learner's English Collocation Dictionary(《牛津?qū)W生英語(yǔ)搭配詞典》)，其中的語(yǔ)料來(lái)源和實(shí)用性都比較好。
以上就是小編推薦的關(guān)于托福寫(xiě)作中詞語(yǔ)搭配問(wèn)題的處理辦法，最后，別忘了一件事情：仿寫(xiě)。只看不寫(xiě)，永遠(yuǎn)不能將輸入語(yǔ)言化成輸出語(yǔ)言。盡量仿寫(xiě)整句，保持原句結(jié)構(gòu)，替換內(nèi)容。作文應(yīng)該是個(gè)人化的。因此，從一開(kāi)始就在語(yǔ)言上打造屬于自己的烙印才是上策，并且對(duì)將來(lái)的留學(xué)生活都將帶來(lái)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的益處。
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