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最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
引導(dǎo)語(yǔ):高考把寫(xiě)作要求提到了這樣一個(gè)高度,有利于反映學(xué)生的水平層次,有利于指導(dǎo)教學(xué)。以下是百分網(wǎng)小編分享給大家的最新高考寫(xiě)作高分策略,歡迎閱讀!
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
(一)使用高級(jí)詞匯,增加文章的亮點(diǎn)
1.合理使用動(dòng)詞,使之符合不同的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格
試比較:
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school! Now I’d like to introduce our school to you.
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school! Now I’d like to tell you something about our school.
2.合理使用動(dòng)詞使表達(dá)更生動(dòng)
試比較:
At the foot of the mountain, there was a small river.
At the foot of the mountain, there flowed a small river.
3.變換動(dòng)詞使表達(dá)更地道
試比較:
My parents and I are very pleased to invite you to stay at our home.
My parents and I are very pleased to have you with us.
4.合理使用動(dòng)詞能增強(qiáng)表達(dá)的邏輯性
試比較
We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we don’t get much time to talk together.
We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we don’t seem to get much time to talk together.
5.巧妙使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)增加表達(dá)的新穎性
I used to like reading and writing poems at middle school.
I used to take delight in reading and writing poems at middle school.
6.使用助動(dòng)詞增強(qiáng)文章的感染色彩
I went there but I didn’t see you.
I did go there but I didn’t see you.
7.適當(dāng)使用替代詞,同位語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ),形容詞短語(yǔ),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等,使語(yǔ)言更精練.
試比較:
1.So the missing money still must be in the other jacket, the jacket that you were wearing yesterday.
So the missing money still must be in the other jacket, the one that you were wearing yesterday.(04年北京高考)
2.Do you think you’d like it If you don’t like it, I can try and find another place for you.
Do you think you’d like it If not, I can try and find another place for you. (2003NMET
3.I’ve found a place for you. It’s a small flat of 25 square meters, which has a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen.
I’ve found a place for you. It’s a small flat of 25 square meters, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. (2003NMET)
4.We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening and watch TV, play games, and meet people.
We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening , watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.
(二)變換句式,使表達(dá)豐富多彩
1.用并列連詞把意義相關(guān)的幾個(gè)句子連起來(lái),避免句子冗長(zhǎng)累贅,松散無(wú)力,使句子凝煉,層次清晰
1).I was walking along Park Road towards the east. At that time, an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.
I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. (2000NMET)
2).The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.
The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, and it/which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.
2.試著改變句子的開(kāi)頭,不要一味地都是主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭,接著是謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),最后加一個(gè)狀語(yǔ).要靈活應(yīng)用倒裝句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,主從復(fù)合句,分詞狀語(yǔ)等,這樣能增加文章的節(jié)奏和韻律美.
1)We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.
Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.
2)Our brave Ah Fu had saved my little sister.
It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister.
3.在整篇文章中,避免只使用一兩個(gè)句型,要靈活運(yùn)用各種語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),使文章有聲有色
1)改變時(shí)態(tài)
例:The bell is ringing now.(一般) There goes the bell! (高級(jí))
2)改變語(yǔ)態(tài)
例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)
It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高級(jí))
3)使用不定式
例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般) He is so kind as to help me.(高級(jí))
4)使用過(guò)去分詞
例:①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般)
Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高級(jí))
、贠nce it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高級(jí))
5)使用V-ing形式
例:①When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般)
On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高級(jí))
、贗f the weather permits, I'll come tomorrow.(一般)
I'll come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高級(jí))
6)使用名詞性從句
例:①It disappointed everybody that he didn't turn up.(一般)
The fact that he didn't turn up disappointed everybody.(高級(jí))
、贗 happened to have met him.(一般)
It happened that I had met him.(高級(jí))
、跿o his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)
What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things. (高級(jí))
7)使用定語(yǔ)從句
例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般)
The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高級(jí))
8)使用狀語(yǔ)從句
例:①I won't believe what he says.(一般)
No matter what he says, I won't believe.(高級(jí))
②If you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.(一般)
You can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six o'clock.(高級(jí))
、跧f she doesn't agree, what shall we do(一般)
Supposing that she doesn't agree, what shall we do(高級(jí))
以下四種手段是增加句子復(fù)雜性的常見(jiàn)方法,也是得高分的“亮點(diǎn)”。
1.改變句子的開(kāi)頭方式,不要一味地都是主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭,接著是謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),最后再加一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)?梢园褷钫Z(yǔ)置于句首,或用分詞做狀語(yǔ)等。
[原文]The young man couldn't help crying when he heard the bad news.?
[修正]Hearing the bad news,the young man couldn't help crying.?
2.在整篇文章中,避免只使用一兩個(gè)句式,要靈活運(yùn)用諸如倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、主從復(fù)合句、分詞狀語(yǔ)等
①?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句?
[原文]My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my little sister bravely.?
[修正]My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister bravely.(93’)?
It is English and computer classes that I like best.(NMET96 書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
析:該句出色運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,表達(dá)了我對(duì)英語(yǔ)和電腦特別喜歡的愉快之情,使文章上升了一個(gè)檔次。
感嘆句可以抒發(fā)內(nèi)心強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩,適當(dāng)運(yùn)用感嘆句可以有效增強(qiáng)文章的情感性、感染性和感召性,從而震撼讀者內(nèi)心,引起讀者共鳴。
感嘆句比較適合用于對(duì)人物或單位介紹結(jié)束后,情不自禁地對(duì)被介紹對(duì)象加以贊揚(yáng)。
How time flies!(NMET98 書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
析:該句巧妙運(yùn)用了感嘆句,表達(dá)了對(duì)時(shí)間飛逝的遺憾之情。
、谟蓋hat等引導(dǎo)的從句,此處的what相當(dāng)于中文的“所……”,有很大的概括力,如:?
[原文]We had to stand there to catch the offender.?
[修正]What we had to do was (to) stand there,trying to catch the offender.?
What China has achieved in recent years is known through the world.?
China is no longer what it used to be.?
③由with或without引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)。如:?He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand.④分詞短語(yǔ)。如:?Satisfied with the result,he decided to go on with a new experiment.?
、莸寡b句。如:?Only in this way can we achieve our goal.?
Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.
⑥省略句 如:?If so,victory will be ours.
You can make some changes wherever necessary.
⑦ 對(duì)比,這是中文中也常用的方法如:
When I play,I feel excited,and after it I feel relaxed.?
8.such as列舉句型是使用場(chǎng)合最廣的句型,該句型結(jié)構(gòu)精巧,對(duì)稱協(xié)調(diào),是一個(gè)難得的好句型,而且只要有強(qiáng)烈的使用意識(shí),同學(xué)們?cè)诮^大多數(shù)高考中都可讓其一展風(fēng)采。
不過(guò)such as句型的技術(shù)含量高,一定要稔熟其用法。such as列舉句型往往用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)人或物的個(gè)數(shù)多,需要不完全列舉所有事例。該句型使用時(shí)前邊先用一個(gè)總述句說(shuō)明人或物的個(gè)數(shù)多,后邊列舉二至五個(gè)不等的并列成分,這些并列成分應(yīng)短小精煉,對(duì)稱協(xié)調(diào),通常為一個(gè)詞或一個(gè)短語(yǔ),而不能為一個(gè)句子。
I studied quite a few subjects such as Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and computer.(NMET96書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
析:該句用such as列舉句型說(shuō)明了我的學(xué)習(xí)科目很多,而且結(jié)構(gòu)巧妙,對(duì)稱和諧。
I can follow my own interests such as reading books,visiting museums and taking computer lessons.(NMET2001 書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
析:該句巧妙運(yùn)用了such as列舉句型,結(jié)構(gòu)精巧工整,意義明確協(xié)調(diào),堪稱上乘佳句
9.with +名詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)句型的恰當(dāng)使用也可以增加被描繪內(nèi)容的生動(dòng)性和趣味性,從而增強(qiáng)文章的感染性,該句型適合對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)性動(dòng)作進(jìn)行描繪。
My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind.(NMET97 書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
析:該句巧用了“with +名詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”句型作伴隨狀語(yǔ),形象地描繪了我兄弟載我騎車時(shí)的“瀟灑”姿態(tài),暗示著他這次違章載人難逃警察的干預(yù)。
10. Such be總結(jié)句型適合使用于人物/單位介紹式書(shū)面表達(dá)的末尾對(duì)人物或單位進(jìn)行總結(jié),只要做有心人,在高考中使用該句型的可能性也是很大的。
Such be后邊需接名詞,名詞后邊需接同位語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ)和被修飾名詞之間常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
Such is Sun Shuwei,a hardworking and successful diving star.(MET91 書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
Such is our present life,a happy and colorful one.(NMET2001 書(shū)面表達(dá)參考范文片段)
析:該句巧用了Such be總結(jié)句型,表達(dá)了減負(fù)后學(xué)校生活的重大變化,使讀者對(duì)減負(fù)給學(xué)校生活帶來(lái)的變化有了一個(gè)更全面、更準(zhǔn)確的了解。
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
重點(diǎn)詮釋:
十句作文法是有關(guān)專家總結(jié)出來(lái)的一種高分作文方法,考生在經(jīng)過(guò)短期訓(xùn)練之后便可較大幅度地提高寫(xiě)作水平。其基本模式為:
1.第一段為開(kāi)頭,包括兩句。第一句為主題句,點(diǎn)明全文主題;第二句為擴(kuò)展句,進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明和支持主題句。兩者關(guān)系也可倒過(guò)來(lái),由第一句說(shuō)明情況,第二句點(diǎn)明主題。
2.第二段為正文,共七句。第三句為主題句,提出本段的主題,它應(yīng)與第一段的主題相關(guān)或一致。第四至九句為擴(kuò)展句,說(shuō)明和支持本段的主題。句與句之間要注意好過(guò)渡,以使段落邏輯合理,結(jié)構(gòu)得當(dāng)。
3.第三段為結(jié)尾,簡(jiǎn)化為一句,也是全文的總結(jié)句, 它將前面的內(nèi)容總結(jié)為一個(gè)結(jié)果,表明自己的論點(diǎn)。
注意:要提高語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的檔次,在句式運(yùn)用上就不能一味地使用簡(jiǎn)單句和稱述句,而應(yīng)該根據(jù)實(shí)際情況靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的各種句式。豐富的句式有助于考生在高考中出類拔萃,贏得高分。
寫(xiě)作典例:
電視在人們的日常生活中占有很重要的地位,電視傳播不斷深層次地影響著每一個(gè)人。請(qǐng)以"Television" 為題,寫(xiě)一篇有關(guān)其所帶來(lái)的積極影響的英語(yǔ)短文。
分析:
1、這篇書(shū)面表達(dá)的中心思想是電視所帶來(lái)的積極影響。
2、電視對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活的影響是多方面的,考生不要試圖面面俱到,如果涉及面太多,文章反而顯得松散,我們只選擇幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作,可用舉例的方法合理安排語(yǔ)言材料。
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
一、名人名言必背部分。
1.A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight.(P. B. Shelley , British poet )偉大的詩(shī)篇即是永遠(yuǎn)噴出智慧和歡欣之水的噴泉。(英國(guó)詩(shī)人 雪萊. P. B)
2.Art is a lie that tells the truth .( Picasso , Spanish painter )美術(shù)是揭示真理的謊言。 (西班牙畫(huà)家 畢加索)
3.Humor has been well defined as thinking in fun while feeling in earnest. (Mark Twain , American novelist )幽默被人正確地解釋為"以誠(chéng)摯表達(dá)感受,寓深思于嬉笑"。(美國(guó)小說(shuō)家 馬克·吐溫)
4.The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation; the two keep in their downward tendency.( Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet )文學(xué)的衰落表明一個(gè)民族的衰落。這兩者走下坡路的時(shí)間是齊頭并進(jìn)的。(德國(guó)詩(shī)人歌德 . J . W .)
5.When one loves one's art no service seems too hard .(O. Henry, American novelist)一旦熱愛(ài)藝術(shù),什么奉獻(xiàn)也不難。 (美國(guó)小說(shuō)家 歐·亨利)
6.And gladly would learn , and gladly teach .( Chaucer , British poet)勤于學(xué)習(xí)的人才能樂(lè)意施教。(英國(guó)詩(shī)人, 喬叟)
7.Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune.(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)與其不受教育,不如不生,因?yàn)闊o(wú)知是不幸的根源.(古希臘哲學(xué)家 柏拉圖)
8. Some friends come and go like a season. Others are arranged in our lives for good reason.(Sharita Gadison)一些朋友隨季節(jié)離去,而另外一些則伴我們度過(guò)美好的季節(jié)。
9.A true friend is someone you can disagree with and still remain friends. For if not, they weren't true friends in the first place.(Sandy Ratliff)真朋友是可以與你有不同見(jiàn)解的,如果不是,首先就不是真朋友。
10.True friendship is felt, not said.(Mariecris Madayag)朋友是說(shuō)不出的感覺(jué)。
11.Friends are like stars,you don't always see them, but you know they're always there.(Hulali Luta)朋友是感覺(jué)不到的存在。
12.Memories last forever, never do they die. Friends stay together, never say goodbye.(Melina Campos)記憶永不死,朋友永不說(shuō)再見(jiàn)。
13.light heart lives long.( William Shakespeare , British dramatist )豁達(dá)者長(zhǎng)壽(英國(guó)劇作家莎士比亞. W.)
14.Early to bed and early to rise , makes a man healthy , wealthy and wise.(Benjamin Franklin , American president )早睡早起會(huì)使人健康、富有和聰明。 (美國(guó)總統(tǒng) 富蘭克林. B.)
15.The first wealth is health .( Ralph Waldo Emerson , American thinker )健康是人生第一財(cái)富。 (美國(guó)思想家愛(ài)默生. R. W.)
16.A lifetime of happiness! No man alive could bear it; it would be hell on earth. (G. Bernard Shaw, British dramatist)終身幸福!這是任何活著的人都無(wú)法忍受的,那將是人間地獄。(英國(guó)劇作家肖伯納. G.)
17.Happiness is form courage .(H. Jackson, British writer)幸福是勇氣的一種形式。 (英國(guó)作家 杰克遜. H.)
18.Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money ; it lies in the joy of achievement , in the thrill of creative effort .(Franklin Roosevelt ,American president )幸福不在于擁有金錢,而在于獲得成就時(shí)的喜悅以及產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造力的激情。(美國(guó)總統(tǒng) 羅斯福. F.)
19.Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be .(Abraham Lincoln ,American president )對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō),他們認(rèn)定自己有多幸福,就有多幸福。(美國(guó)總統(tǒng) 林肯. A.)
20.The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved .(Victor Hugo , French novelist )生活中最大的幸福是堅(jiān)信有人愛(ài)我們。( 法國(guó)小說(shuō)家 雨果. V .)
21.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it . (George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)正像我們無(wú)權(quán)只享受財(cái)富而不創(chuàng)造財(cái)富一樣,我們也無(wú)權(quán)只享受幸福而不創(chuàng)造幸福.(英國(guó)劇作家肖伯納. G. )
22.Do not, for one repulse, give up the purpose that you resolved to effect. (William Shakespeare , British dramatist)不要只因一次失敗,就放棄你原來(lái)決心想達(dá)到的目的。(英國(guó)劇作家莎士比亞.W.)
23.Don't part with your illusions . When they are gone you may still exist,but you have ceased to live. (Mark Twain , American writer)不要放棄你的幻想。當(dāng)幻想沒(méi)有了以后,你還可以生存,但是你雖生猶死.(美國(guó)作家馬克·吐溫)
24.Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction;without direction, there is no life. ( Leo Tolstoy , Russian writer)理想是指路明燈。沒(méi)有理想,就沒(méi)有堅(jiān)定的方向;沒(méi)有方向,就沒(méi)有生活。(俄國(guó)作家托爾斯泰. L .)
25.If winter comes , can spring be far behind ?(P. B. Shelley, British poet)冬天來(lái)了,春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎? ( 英國(guó)詩(shī)人, 雪萊. P. B.)
26.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.Alexander Dumas (Davy de La Pailleterie, French Writer)生活沒(méi)有目標(biāo)就像航海沒(méi)有指南針。 (法國(guó)作家 大仲馬. A.)
27.The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.(Franklin Roosevelt , American president)實(shí)現(xiàn)明天理想的唯一障礙是今天的疑慮。 (美國(guó)總統(tǒng) 羅斯福. F .)
28.Activity is the only road to knowledge.(George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)行動(dòng)是通往知識(shí)的唯一道路 。 (英國(guó)劇作家 肖伯納. G.)
29.Imagination is more important than knowledge .(Albert Einstein , American scientist )想象力比知識(shí)更為重要。 (美國(guó)科學(xué)家 愛(ài)因斯坦. A. )
30.Knowledge is power . (Francis Bacon , British philosopher )知識(shí)就是力量。 (英國(guó)哲學(xué)家 培根. F.)
Struggle 奮斗篇
31.Genius only means hard-working all one's life. ( Mendeleyev , Russian Chemist)天才只意味著終身不懈的努力。 (俄國(guó)化學(xué)家門捷列耶夫)
32.I have nothing to offer but blood , toil tears and sweat . (Winston Churchill, British Politician)我所能奉獻(xiàn)的沒(méi)有其它,只有熱血、辛勞、眼淚與汗水。(英國(guó)政治家 丘吉爾 . W.)
33.Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet . (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的,但它的果實(shí)是甜蜜的。 (法國(guó)思想家 盧梭. J. J.)
34.There is no royal road to science ,and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of gaining its numinous summits . (Karl Marx, German revolutionary )在科學(xué)上沒(méi)有平坦的大道,只有不畏勞苦沿著其崎嶇之路攀登的人,才有希望達(dá)到它光輝的頂點(diǎn)。( 德國(guó)革命家馬克思. K .)
35.Where there is a will , there is a way .( Thomas Edison , American inventor )有志者,事竟成。 (美國(guó)發(fā)明家 愛(ài)迪生. T.)
二、精彩必背部分。
1.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking. 依照最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,每年有4,000,000人死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的調(diào)查顯示相當(dāng)多的孩子對(duì)家庭作業(yè)沒(méi)什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 沒(méi)有一項(xiàng)發(fā)明像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)一樣同時(shí)受到如此多的贊揚(yáng)和批評(píng)。
4. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness.
許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有助于身體健康。
5.寫(xiě)信的開(kāi)頭:Very glad to receive your letter of July 13.
6.One day after school,XiaoMing passed a Café on his way home.
7.The boss had no choice but to let him in.
8.How he enjoyed himself on the computer!
9.Walking home full of fear,he was sure that he would be scolded.
10.However,other students are against the idea.
11.Sometimes we have too many examinations which are too difficult for us.
12.today’s activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of LeiFeng:sharing with others what you have—you time,energy,or knowledge—makes you fell warm in you heart.It has truly a difference in how I feel about myself.
13.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.
14.No matter what he says,I won’t believe.
15. Thanks to the good weather,our journey was comfortable.
16. At the news of his death,she went pale with sorrow.
三、寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)
多使用過(guò)渡性詞語(yǔ)。這樣使文章更加連貫、更具有邏輯性。
(1)表示增加的過(guò)渡詞:also,and,and then,too,in addition,furthermore,moreover,again,on top ofthat,another,first second third等。
(2)表示時(shí)間順序的過(guò)渡詞:now,then,before,after,afterwards,earlier,lat er,immediately,soon,next,in afew days,gradually,suddenly,finally等。
(3)表示空間順序的過(guò)渡詞:near(to),far(from),in frontof,behind,beside,beyond,above,below,tothe right left,around,outside等。
(4)表示比較的過(guò)渡詞:in thesameway,justlike,justas等。
(5)表示對(duì)照的過(guò)渡詞:but,still,yet,however,on theotherhand,onthecon trary,in spite of,even though等。
(6)表示結(jié) 果 和 原 因 的 過(guò) 渡 詞:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,then,thus,otherwise等。
(7)表示目的的過(guò)渡詞:forthisreason,forthispurpose,so that等。
(8)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的過(guò)渡詞:in fact,indeed,surely,necessarily,certainly,withoutanydoubt,truly,torepeat,aboveall,mostimportant等。
(9)表示解釋說(shuō)明的過(guò)渡詞:forexample,in fact,in thiscase,foractually等。
(10)表示總結(jié)的過(guò)渡詞:finally,atlast,inconclusion,asIhaveshown,inoth erword,in brief,in short,in general,on the whole,ashasbeen stated等。
四、獲得高分的英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)的六大特性。
(1)條理性。指的是合理布局文章結(jié)構(gòu)。首先,在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面要有一定的條理性。其次,根據(jù)需要,安排好段落,各段之間要層次分明,也要重視每一段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾,開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)往往是總起句,結(jié)尾語(yǔ)往往是總結(jié)句。
(2)準(zhǔn)確性。指要求寫(xiě)出語(yǔ)法正確的句子,包括時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、用詞和句法等,要準(zhǔn)確、地道地表達(dá)。必須要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或習(xí)慣表達(dá),避免中式英語(yǔ),在實(shí)踐中不斷總結(jié)中英用法的差異,養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)思維寫(xiě)作的習(xí)慣。
(3)流暢性。指根據(jù)整篇文章思想的需要,有效采用不同的連接手段,使文章層次清楚、行文連貫。
(4)簡(jiǎn)潔多樣性。簡(jiǎn)潔性就是語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔,不重復(fù)。多樣性就是能隨情景內(nèi)容的變化寫(xiě)出句式多樣的語(yǔ)句。這也是新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)寫(xiě)作的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
(5)思想性。新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)寫(xiě)作的要求,增加了情感因素,在準(zhǔn)確流暢表達(dá)寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)的同時(shí),適當(dāng)增加句子的感情色彩,增加一些人情味,使文章讀起來(lái)更親切,完全達(dá)到與讀者進(jìn)行交流的目的。
(6)美觀性。指的是卷面書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范、清楚、干凈、整潔。
五、寫(xiě)作步驟
每次寫(xiě)作前問(wèn)自己四個(gè)問(wèn)題:這篇文章的體裁格式是怎樣的?主體時(shí)態(tài)用什么時(shí)態(tài)?人稱用第幾人稱?可以分幾段,之間用什么過(guò)渡詞、連接詞?帶著這四個(gè)問(wèn)題去審題,搞清楚文章的主要內(nèi)容,然后列出提綱。最后豐富自己的提綱就可以了。
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
誤區(qū):平時(shí)不練習(xí)
學(xué)生們對(duì)作文重視不夠,平時(shí)把更多的時(shí)間拿來(lái)做單選,完型和閱讀題目,而沒(méi)有抽時(shí)間積累作文素材和寫(xiě)作文。造成考試時(shí)頭腦一片空白,無(wú)話可說(shuō),而寫(xiě)一些大話空話。比如有的學(xué)生在寫(xiě)作時(shí)這樣寫(xiě)道:“We should help others because others need our help.”這個(gè)句子沒(méi)有什么語(yǔ)病,但是從內(nèi)容上看來(lái)它是那么空泛 。
對(duì)策:
在考試那種緊張的氛圍下,如何使你寫(xiě)的文章的內(nèi)容很充實(shí)呢?在這里筆者給大家推薦吳安運(yùn)主編的一本寫(xiě)作書(shū):《5年高考英語(yǔ)滿分作文》。這本書(shū)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于它除了給出2篇滿分范文之外,而且在優(yōu)秀范文旁邊有加旁批備注的好詞好句好短語(yǔ),可以為學(xué)生們提供了大量可以運(yùn)用的素材。
筆者建議每周孩子們要看3-4篇高考真題作文,并從這些作文中積累好詞好句。然后在本周內(nèi)里自己寫(xiě)1-2篇作文,有意識(shí)地把你積累起來(lái)的運(yùn)用到自己的作文中去。久而久之,這些好詞好句就成為了你自己的東西,考試即使緊張,也有充實(shí)的東西去寫(xiě)。因?yàn)槟闫綍r(shí)已經(jīng)把那些充實(shí)的東西融入了你的血液。
最后筆者叮囑大家的是寫(xiě)完作文之后一定要請(qǐng)老師批改你的作文,并且需將老師幫你改下來(lái)的好單詞好短語(yǔ)好句式記在一個(gè)專門的寫(xiě)作本上,第二天起來(lái)大聲朗讀這些好單詞好短語(yǔ)好句式。
以上是筆者總結(jié)的學(xué)生們?cè)趯?xiě)作中容易犯的錯(cuò)誤,看一下哪些是你會(huì)犯到的錯(cuò)誤,趕緊看相關(guān)對(duì)策,及時(shí)更正。只要大家做到平時(shí)做到點(diǎn)滴積累,勤于練習(xí),你也能成為寫(xiě)作高手的。
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
肯定不如雙否好
修辭的使用在書(shū)面表達(dá)中算作很大的亮點(diǎn),在高中階段很少有學(xué)生會(huì)注重修辭的應(yīng)用。雙重否定也是種修辭,而且對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō),只要稍加注意,可以在文章中設(shè)計(jì)雙重否定的句子。例如想表達(dá)“郵遞員天天準(zhǔn)時(shí)到”,如果寫(xiě)成The postman comes on time every day,就不如變成雙重否定,The postman never fails to come on time,就變成了亮點(diǎn)句,起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。幾乎每個(gè)人對(duì)生活的態(tài)度都不同程度受到地震的影響,寫(xiě)成雙重否定There was hardly a man or a woman whose attitude towards life had not affected by the earthquake.應(yīng)用類似的修辭會(huì)在高考中為考生加分。
陳述不如倒裝妙
在書(shū)面表達(dá)中閱卷老師喜歡看到的高級(jí)語(yǔ)法共有五種:倒裝,強(qiáng)調(diào),從句,獨(dú)立主格和分詞結(jié)構(gòu),以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣。倒裝是一種最簡(jiǎn)單易行的使句子呈現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)的方法。在高中階段只需掌握倒裝的四種形式,足以應(yīng)對(duì)書(shū)面表達(dá),如何應(yīng)用倒裝,有很多方法和技巧。
1.否定詞開(kāi)頭:如果寫(xiě)出的句子中有否定詞,例如I will never marry you. 不如變成倒裝,用否定詞開(kāi)頭Never will I marry you. 就算作使用了高級(jí)語(yǔ)法。其他的否定詞,如not, seldom, hardly等開(kāi)頭后面的句子倒裝都是比較好的句子。
2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭:在很多年的高考書(shū)面表達(dá)中都有表達(dá)地點(diǎn)的句子,一個(gè)建筑位于什么位置,或什么地方有什么東西,都可以應(yīng)用倒裝。例如在2006年的全國(guó)卷中,圖書(shū)館位于學(xué)校的中央,Our library is in the center of our school.變成倒裝就用地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭:In the center of our school lies our library. 其他的例子,想表達(dá)河岸上有很多花:On the bank stand some flowers. 天空中繁星點(diǎn)點(diǎn):In the sky hang little stars. 總之在想表達(dá)地點(diǎn)時(shí)就把地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)放在句首后面主謂倒裝。這樣做的好處之一是倒裝本身就是高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),第二是倒裝后把真正的主語(yǔ)放到了句子的末尾,后面還可以繼續(xù)加從句,使整個(gè)句子再呈現(xiàn)更多的亮點(diǎn)。例如In the center of our school lies our library,which is between the garden and the teaching building. 3.Only+介詞短語(yǔ):例如在2007年全國(guó)卷中,讓外教幫你找個(gè)筆友,有一句可以表達(dá)成只有通過(guò)這種方式我才能提高英語(yǔ),這句話可以寫(xiě)成Only in this way can I improve my English.其他的例子還有Only by taking exercises can we keep healthy. 4. 形容詞+as+主語(yǔ)+必動(dòng)詞:例如Young as I am, I can manage it; Rich as our country is, we have a lot of problems. 2000年書(shū)面表達(dá)中:Badly injured as he was, he managed to take down the car’s number. 還有其他的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),很高興收到的你的來(lái)信:So glad am I to hear from you.在高考中要盡量使用一兩個(gè)倒裝。
主動(dòng)不如被動(dòng)巧
在近些年的閱卷中,發(fā)現(xiàn)考生在寫(xiě)作中很少使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),也許是受中文思維的影響,幾乎整篇文章都使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其實(shí)在英文中,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用是很重要的。因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)是一門客觀的語(yǔ)言,而漢語(yǔ)是主觀的語(yǔ)言,具體體現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),漢語(yǔ)經(jīng)常用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常用物稱或形式主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭,強(qiáng)調(diào)一件事發(fā)生在什么人身上,而漢語(yǔ)經(jīng)常用人稱開(kāi)頭強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)人發(fā)生了什么事。所以使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)符合英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣,如果能將整個(gè)文章中兩個(gè)句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),就會(huì)呈現(xiàn)句型的變化,使整個(gè)文章句型豐富。例如在2006年的高考中,很多學(xué)生在表達(dá)我們每次可以借五本書(shū)最多借十天時(shí),都是用:We can borrow five books at most, and we can keep them for ten days.這句話如果寫(xiě)成:At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days,分?jǐn)?shù)會(huì)更高。
分詞結(jié)構(gòu)不能少
在前文提到,在書(shū)面表達(dá)中老師喜歡看到的高級(jí)語(yǔ)法共有五種:倒裝,強(qiáng)調(diào),從句,獨(dú)立主格和分詞結(jié)構(gòu),以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣。在所有的高級(jí)語(yǔ)法中,閱卷老師最喜歡看到的是獨(dú)立主格和分詞結(jié)構(gòu),其次是剩下的幾項(xiàng)。但很多學(xué)生不知道如何在文章中使用這個(gè)最大的亮點(diǎn)。其實(shí)幾乎所有的狀語(yǔ)從句都可以變成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,原因狀語(yǔ),條件狀語(yǔ)等。例如條件狀語(yǔ)從句:If such is the case, you should apologize to her. 如何變成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)呢?學(xué)會(huì)下面的口訣,如果你的作文中有狀語(yǔ)從句,馬上可改成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)這個(gè)最大的亮點(diǎn)。
口訣:一去,二看,三改。一去:去連詞;二看:看主語(yǔ);三改:改分詞。
If such is the case, you should apologize to her.按照這個(gè)口訣來(lái)改,第一步,去掉連詞if;第二步,看前后兩句話的主語(yǔ),前后主語(yǔ)不一致,所以要改成獨(dú)立主格;第三步,改分詞,is 變成分詞是being,所以最后變成Such being the case, you should apologize to her.就變成了獨(dú)立主格。如果前后兩句話主語(yǔ)一致,就變成分詞結(jié)構(gòu),例如2005年高考書(shū)面表達(dá)中的一句話Because I am a student, I’d like to know the price for students. 改成Being a student, I’d like to know the price for students.其他想表達(dá)狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候幾乎都一樣。所以想表達(dá)由于,因?yàn),如果等都?xiě)成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)讓閱卷老師多給幾分。
總之,高考的書(shū)面表達(dá)重在設(shè)計(jì),如何設(shè)計(jì)出讓閱卷老師看了眼前一亮的句子,寫(xiě)出有分詞,倒裝,強(qiáng)調(diào),修辭的句子,使整篇文章句型豐富,不單一,有效的使用連接成分使文章連貫,方能在高考中拿到高分。
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
一、改變時(shí)態(tài)
例:The bell is ringing now. 一般
There goes the bell.特殊
二、改變語(yǔ)態(tài)
例: People suggest that the conference be put off.一般
It is suggested that the conference be put off.特殊
三、使用不定式
例: He is so kind that he can help me.一般
He is so kind as to help me. 特殊
四、使用過(guò)去分詞
例: 1 She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.一般
Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.特殊
2 Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.一般
Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 特殊
五、使用 v- ing
1 When he arrives,please give me an e-mail.一般
On arriving /his arrival ,please give me an e-mail.特殊
2 If the weather permits ,I will come tomorrow.一般
I will come tomorrow, weather permitting. .特殊
六、使用名詞性從句
1.It disappointed everybody that
he didn't turn up.一般
The fact that he did n' t turn up
disappointed everybody.特殊
2.I happened to have met him.一般
It happened that I had met him. 特殊
3.To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.一般
What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things. 特殊
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
(1)寫(xiě)記敘文時(shí)要有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果六要素,寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候要明白清楚地寫(xiě)出來(lái)。寫(xiě)人物時(shí),要注意介紹人物的身世、經(jīng)歷和事跡等。敘事時(shí)要描寫(xiě)事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò)與發(fā)展的結(jié)果,寫(xiě)清楚事情發(fā)生的前因后果等。
(2)寫(xiě)議論文時(shí)要求考生就某一方面的問(wèn)題通過(guò)擺事實(shí)、講道理的方式來(lái)闡述自己的看法。議論文應(yīng)由論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證三部分構(gòu)成。
(3)高考英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文主要以寫(xiě)信為主。寫(xiě)英文書(shū)信要注意它們的書(shū)寫(xiě)格式,格式一定要正確。英文書(shū)信主要由6個(gè)部分組成,即:信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)、簽字。信的正文和寫(xiě)文章一樣,要分段落寫(xiě),每一段要有一個(gè)中心思想。在寫(xiě)作中,首先,要根據(jù)試題里的“提示”確定一個(gè)寫(xiě)作中心,再根據(jù)這個(gè)中心,列出寫(xiě)作提綱,提綱一定要包含所提供的情景要點(diǎn),同時(shí)要盡量使用自己熟悉的詞匯與句型。然后,用自己熟悉的詞匯與句型擴(kuò)展成篇。自己不熟悉的詞匯與句型能換則換,一定不要用,以免用錯(cuò)扣分。擴(kuò)展的內(nèi)容一定要緊扣主題。千萬(wàn)不要寫(xiě)那些與主題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容。擴(kuò)展時(shí)要注意短文的字?jǐn)?shù),要寫(xiě)夠100個(gè)詞語(yǔ),以避免由于字?jǐn)?shù)不夠引起的扣分。也不要擴(kuò)展得太多,字?jǐn)?shù)達(dá)到要求既可,以免浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或出現(xiàn)更多的錯(cuò)誤而扣分。
那么,在最后的沖刺時(shí)間里,不管是什么類型的文章,在具體的寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中,我們均可以按如下四大步驟進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練,從而提高寫(xiě)作技巧,解決問(wèn)題:
步驟一:認(rèn)真審題立意,確定寫(xiě)作中心。找出根據(jù)這個(gè)中心能夠擴(kuò)展的材料有哪些,要避免那些與中心內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)。
以命題作文“The Classmate I Admire Most”為例,文章的主題是關(guān)于記敘我最欣賞的一位同學(xué),因而就不能泛泛談?wù)撨@位同學(xué)的家庭關(guān)系、社會(huì)背景等,而要緊緊抓住這位同學(xué)身上能夠吸引你的地方展開(kāi)去。
步驟二:圍繞中心,列出寫(xiě)作提綱。提綱一定要包含所提供的情景、要點(diǎn),同時(shí)盡量使用自己熟悉的詞匯與句型。仍以“The Classmate I Admire Most”為例,提綱可以這樣寫(xiě):
、 Who is the Classmate I admire most?
② My reasons. (Some Examples)
、 What can I learn from the classmate。
步驟三,根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)要求,擴(kuò)展成篇。有幾個(gè)可以遵循的規(guī)律,供大家參考:
1、在整篇文章中,努力避免只是用一、兩個(gè)句式。要靈活運(yùn)用各種句式。如倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句、主從復(fù)合句、對(duì)比句、分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)等。
2、使用不同長(zhǎng)度的句子,通過(guò)分句和合句,增強(qiáng)句子地連貫性和表現(xiàn)力。
3、改變句子的開(kāi)頭方式,不要一味以主、謂、賓、狀的次序,可以把狀語(yǔ)置于句首,或用分詞等。
4、學(xué)會(huì)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞。如:
① 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系: furthermore;moreover;further;In this way ;still; not only...but also...; not...but...; in addition (to);etc。
、 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but;even so;however;though;even though;etc。
、 歸納總結(jié)類:in other words;on the whole; in sum; therefore;hence;in short; to sum up;in conclusion; in summary;etc。
、 強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系:in fact; especially;particularly;moreover;naturally; what is more important; in reality; indeed; in particular;etc。
、 對(duì)照(不同點(diǎn)):yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although; though; but; however; etc。
、 并列關(guān)系: and; also; as well as;either...,or...;both...and... etc。
、 先后次序關(guān)系:at this time; first; second; at last; previously; simultaneously; last but not least;to begin with;etc。
⑧ 結(jié)果關(guān)系:accordingly; thus; consequently; thereupon; etc。
、 順序關(guān)系: at the outset,following this; at this time; etc。
、 重申關(guān)系:in other words; that is to say; as I have said; etc。
5、盡量避免重復(fù)使用同一單詞或詞組。
步驟四、利用最后的時(shí)間做“機(jī)械性”寫(xiě)作練習(xí),強(qiáng)化記憶。例如:常用的應(yīng)用文如通知、書(shū)信等都有其固定的格式及寫(xiě)作技巧,讀懂具體內(nèi)容,然后把內(nèi)容套進(jìn)特定的格式中去,就是一篇條理清楚的書(shū)面表達(dá)了。比方說(shuō):通知要掌握:
、偻ㄖ膶(duì)象、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間及要做的事情;
、谝⒁獾氖马(xiàng);
③寫(xiě)上“Don’t be late”或“Be on time”(口頭通知前還要寫(xiě)上Boys and girls或Ladies and gentlemen,may I have your attention, please?等一類句子)。
例如:
Class 1 and Class 2 are going to plant trees on Western Hills. We’ll take a bus to go there. Please bring lunch and water with you. Remember to wear old clothes as we’ll do a lot of hard work. We’ll meet in front of the school gate at nine o’clock. Don’t be late。
最新高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分策略
英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作是高考試題中對(duì)學(xué)生相對(duì)較難的部分,它考查考生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言能力。
試題要求考生根據(jù)所給的情景和要求寫(xiě)一篇書(shū)面材料。但它并非按照“提示”逐句翻譯,而是要求考生在充分領(lǐng)會(huì)“提示”的前提下,用自己的語(yǔ)言組織成一篇內(nèi)容充實(shí)、語(yǔ)言正確、句子連貫、用詞貼切的作文。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),近幾年上海和全國(guó)英語(yǔ)高考卷中的寫(xiě)作,主要是關(guān)于記人、敘事、寫(xiě)信和通知或看圖作文等內(nèi)容的記敘文、議論文和應(yīng)用文。
記敘文要求考生根據(jù)試卷中提供的情景,組織語(yǔ)言材料,編寫(xiě)成文。一般說(shuō)來(lái)記敘文有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果六要素,寫(xiě)作時(shí)要明白清楚地給予表達(dá)。記人時(shí),要注意介紹人物的身世、經(jīng)歷和事跡等。敘事時(shí)要描寫(xiě)事情發(fā)生與發(fā)展的過(guò)程,敘述事情發(fā)生的前因后果等。
議論文要求考生就某一方面的問(wèn)題通過(guò)擺事實(shí)、講道理的方式來(lái)發(fā)表自己看法。一般說(shuō)來(lái)議論文文由論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證三部分構(gòu)成。要做到:
1、論點(diǎn)正確無(wú)誤。
2、論據(jù)可靠充分。論據(jù)可以是人們公認(rèn)的真理,也可以是經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)踐考證的經(jīng)典著作。
3、論證合理嚴(yán)密。人們常用的論證方法有歸納法、推理法、對(duì)比法。議論文一般按提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的邏輯順序來(lái)安排層次。
英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文主要以寫(xiě)信為主。英文書(shū)信由6個(gè)部分組成。它們是信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)、簽字。格式一定要正確。信的正文和寫(xiě)文章一樣,要分段寫(xiě),每一段有一個(gè)中心思想。
無(wú)論是記敘文、議論文還是應(yīng)用文,在具體寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中我們不妨按如下順序進(jìn)行。
首先,確定寫(xiě)作中心。根據(jù)這個(gè)中心,能夠擴(kuò)展的材料有哪些。要避免寫(xiě)那些與中心內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)緊要的細(xì)節(jié)。
其次,圍繞中心,列出寫(xiě)作提綱。提綱一定要包含所提供的情景要點(diǎn),同時(shí)要盡量使用自己熟悉的詞匯與句型。
第三、根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)多少,擴(kuò)展成篇。擴(kuò)展的內(nèi)容一定要緊扣主題,千萬(wàn)不要寫(xiě)那些與主題不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。擴(kuò)展時(shí)要注意短文的字?jǐn)?shù),要寫(xiě)夠100個(gè)詞語(yǔ),以避免由于字?jǐn)?shù)不夠引起的扣分。
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