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學位英語

學位英語挑錯練習題解題方法

時間:2025-04-18 09:21:19 學位英語 我要投稿
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2017年學位英語挑錯練習題解題方法

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2017年學位英語挑錯練習題解題方法

  在三種英語從句中,名詞從句與副詞從句用得較多,錯誤也較少。形容詞從句用得較少,但卻最易犯錯,尤其是下列四種錯法:

 、逯貜托稳菰~中的賓語。例如:

  *① The essay which John wrote it yesterday got a good grade.

  *② Do you know the name of the man whom the police are looking for him?

  在①里的形容詞從句中的"it"和②里的"him"都是重復的賓語,因為這兩個賓語已經(jīng)由關系代詞"which"和"whom"接管了。因此,"it"和"him"是多余的,必須去掉。

 、骊P系代詞或關系副詞不對。例如:

  *③ This is the dog who ate up the food.

  *④ Do you know the time which we must resume work?

 、劾锏年P系代詞"who"和④里的"which"都錯。③里的先行詞是一種動物,關系代詞里"which"或"that"才對。

 、芾锏南刃性~是“時間”,應該用關系副詞"when"才可。

 、缧稳菰~從句修飾的對象不符。例如:

  *⑤ Malcolm finished the work and then left the office which was well-planned.

  這里的形容詞從句"which was well-planned",應該修飾名詞"the work",不是"the office",因此犯了修飾的對象不符之錯。最容易的改正方法,是使這個從句緊扣在先行詞"the work"后面,即:

  ⑥ Malcolm finished the work which was well-planned and then left the office.

  這樣的改正雖然符合語法,但句子顯得頭重腳輕,失去平衡;對是對,但是不好。我建議重整從句,以臻“既對且好”之境。試比較 7(a),(b)和(c):

  ⑦a. Malcolm left the office after he had finished the work which was well-planned.

  b. Malcolm left the office after having finished the work which was well-planned.

  c. Malcolm finished the well-planned work and then left the office.

  三句中,⑦(c)一氣呵成,短小精悍,是上選。此外,⑦(c)把形容詞從句節(jié)縮為合成形容詞(compound adjective),使句子簡練有力。這點足以證明節(jié)縮句的好處。關于節(jié)縮方法,以后再談。在了解節(jié)縮法之前,千萬不要隨便嘗試,以免犯錯。例如: *⑧ A sentence is made up of a subject and a predicate is called a simple sentence.

  ⑧里的"is made up of a subject and a predicate"是形容詞從句"which is made up of a subject and a predicate"的節(jié)縮體,但是錯了。

  根據(jù)形容詞從句的縮略規(guī)則,如果形容詞從句是被動式的話,就要把關系代詞和助動詞"be"一齊去掉:

 、 Do you like the man who was introduced to you yesterday? → Do you like the man introduced to you yesterday?

  ⑩ Please fill in each of the blanks which are provided below. → Please fill in each of the blanks provided below.

 、嗬锏年P系代詞不見了,但是助動詞"is"還在,莫怪整句讀起來,有點不順口;因此要改一改;

  A sentence made up of a subject and a predicate is called a simple sentence.

  "Though the standard of living is raised, the costs of living are also increasing."

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