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職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生A級(jí)閱讀理解真題預(yù)測(cè)
無(wú)論是在學(xué)校還是在社會(huì)中，我們都不可避免地會(huì)接觸到考試真題，通過(guò)考試真題可以檢測(cè)參試者所掌握的知識(shí)和技能。大家知道什么樣的考試真題才是規(guī)范的嗎？以下是小編整理的職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生A級(jí)閱讀理解真題預(yù)測(cè)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生A級(jí)閱讀理解真題預(yù)測(cè) 1
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31——45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
第二篇 Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)
The Sahel zone lies between the Sahara desert and the fertilesavannahs(熱帶大草原)of northern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional ,andthis is a good description of these semi-arid (半干旱)lands, whichoccupy much of the Western African countries of Mail, Mauritania, Niger, andChad.
Unfortunately, over the last century the Sahara desert has steadilycrept southwards eating into once productive Sahel lands. United Nationssurveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land in agriculture use in Africahas deteriorated over the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, themost recent lasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The sameprocess of desertification is taking place across southern Africa as theKalahari desert advances into Botswana and parts of South Africa
One of the major causes of this desert advance is poor agriculturalland use, driven by the pressures of increasing population. Overgrazing 一 keeping toomany farm animals on the land一 means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarcewater supplies are exhausted. Overcultivation 一 trying to grow toomany crops on poor land 一 results in the soil becoming even less fertile and drier, andbeginning to break up. Soil erosion (侵蝕) follows, and theland turns into desert.
Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees arecut down for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultural use. Tree rootshelp to bind the soil together, to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitatfor other plants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dryand loosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, andeventually the fertile topsoil may be almost entirely lost, leaving only barerock and dust.
The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible.They are, however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover andsustainable agricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration ofsoils and lessen the effects of shortage of rainfall. One project in Kita insouth-west Mali funded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainablemanagement of forest, while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的)agriculturaleconomy. This may be a model for similar projects in other West Africancountries.
36.The Sahel zone is anarea which ___.
A.is covered with sad and grass
B. has a long history
C. occupies much of South Nigeria
D. belongs to Sudan
37. What is the situation about thedesertification in Africa?
A. The deserts are replaced with grasslands
B.The deserts are expanding
C. the deserts are moving northwards
D. the deserts are being deserted
38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph 2means ___.
A. deepened
B. suffered
C. slipped
D.worsened
39. What is the root cause ofdesertification?
A.poor farming
B. overpopulation
C. radical climate change
D. disappearance of rare plant species
40. In order to prevent desertification, theauthor proposes ___.
A. making good use of international aids
B.developing a sustainable agricultural economy
C. gaining international support
D. converting agricultural land into forest
職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生A級(jí)閱讀理解真題預(yù)測(cè) 2
Some Schooling on Backpacks
According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 5,900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctors offices last year for sprains (扭傷) and strains caused by backpacks. Such injuries are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians surveyed by the American Academy of Orthopedic (整形外科的) Surgeons listed backpacks as a potential clinical problem for children.
How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags that have wide, padded straps (有墊的背帶)and a belt. That will help transfer some of the weight from the back and shoulders to the hips. You should also tighten both straps firmly, so the pack rests about 2 inches above your waist. Also,remember to pack your bag with the heaviest items closest to your back and to bend both knees when you pick it up.
How much should you stuff into your pack? That depends on your size and strength, but a general rule is not to exceed 20 percent of your body weight. So if a child weighsl00 pounds, the backpack and its load should not be more than 20 pounds. One hint: Make frequent trips to your locker (儲(chǔ)物柜) to exchange books between classes.
Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground, but they have problems too.
Many are larger than the average shoulder bag, so students are tempted to carry more than they would in a conventional pack.
Roller bags often dont ftt into a locker. They can also lead to tripping and falls in crowded halls. Whatever you use, 10 Or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengthening is a good idea.
16. About six thousand American kids were injured by carrying backpacks last year.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. 70 percent of UK physicians have treated children with sprains and strains.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Backpacks with wide, padded straps and a belt can help to avoid problems of sprains and strains.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. A 100-pound child should carry a backpack of more than 20 pounds.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. Children should put all the books in their lockers.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. Roller bags tend to be heavier than ordinary backpack.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. A 10-15 minutes exercise will help you bear a heavier backpack.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案與解析
16.A。題干：去年大約6000個(gè)美國(guó)孩子因?yàn)楸嘲軅�。由文章第一段第一句可知，根�?jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，去年美國(guó)有5900個(gè)孩子因?yàn)橛杀硯?shū)包引起的扭傷及拉傷而接受治療。故題干表述正確。
17.B。題干：70%的英國(guó)醫(yī)生曾經(jīng)治療過(guò)孩子的拉傷和扭傷。文章第一段最后一句中關(guān)于此處的表述背景是在美國(guó)，而題干中是英國(guó)，并且此處的70%指的是占接受調(diào)查醫(yī)生總數(shù)中的比例。故題干描述錯(cuò)誤。
18.A。題干：一個(gè)帶有寬背帶墊和腰帶的背包有利于避免拉傷和扭傷的問(wèn)題。由文章第二段第二句和第三句可知，選擇一個(gè)帶有寬背帶墊和腰帶的`背包有助于把背包的一部分重量從肩部和背部轉(zhuǎn)移分擔(dān)到臀部。
19.B。題干：一個(gè)l00磅的孩子應(yīng)該背20多磅的背包。由文章第三段第三句可知，如果一個(gè)孩子體重為一百磅，那么他的背包負(fù)重不應(yīng)超過(guò)20磅。
20.B。題干：孩子們應(yīng)該將所有的書(shū)放進(jìn)儲(chǔ)物柜里。由文章第三段最后一句可知，文章給出的建議是經(jīng)常去儲(chǔ)物柜調(diào)換不同科目用的課本，而不是將所有的課本都放入儲(chǔ)物柜里。
21.C。題干：拉桿式書(shū)包往往比普通背包重。文章第四段第二句中提到很多拉桿式書(shū)包比普通的帶肩帶背包要大，但并未提到其重量。
22.A。題干：l0——15分鐘的鍛煉可以幫助你承受更多的背包重量。由文章最有一段最后一句可知，l0到l5分鐘的拉伸和背部強(qiáng)化鍛煉會(huì)是很不錯(cuò)的方法。故題干描述正確。
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