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英語專業(yè)八級(jí)閱讀試題附答案詳解（精選3份）
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英語專業(yè)八級(jí)閱讀試題附答案詳解 1
Fingerprints
The search for latent prints is done in a systematic andintelligent manner. Investigators develop techniques to locatetraces of fingerprints at a crime scene. The basic premise insearching for latent prints is to examine more carefully thoseareas, which would most likely be touched by persons who havebeen on the scene. The natural manner in which a person woulduse and place his hands in making an entrance or exit from abuilding or in handling any object is the key to the discovery oflatent prints.
Where a forced entrance has been made, latent prints are likely to be found on any surfaceadjacent to or at that point. Any object with a smooth, non-porous surface is likely to retain latentprints if touched. Fingerprints on rough surfaces are usually of little value. If the fingermark doesnot disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value inidentification is nil when photographed. Where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for theinvestigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premisesso that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from thesepersons. Places to search for prints on an automobile are the rear view mirror, steering wheel hub,steering column, windshield dashboard and the like.
Dusting of surface may be done with a fine brush or with an atomizer. The whit powders usedare basically finely powdered white lead, talc, or chalk. Another light powder is basically Chemist’sgray. A good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. Dragon’sblood is good powder for white surface and can be fixed on paper by heating. In developing latentprints, the accepted method is to use the powder sparingly and brush lightly. Do not use powder ifthe fingermark is visible under oblique lighting. It can be photographed. A good policy for thenovice is to experiment with his own prints on a surface similar to the one he wishes to search inorder to determine the powder best suited to the surface. Fingerprints after dusting may be liftedby using fresh cellulose tape or commercially prepared material especially designed to lift andtransfer dusted latent fingerprints.
In addition to latent prints, the investigator must not overlook the possibility of two other typesof fingerprint traces: molded impression and visible impression. Molded impressions are formed bythe pressure of the finger upon comparatively soft, pliable, or plastic surfaces producing an actualmold of the fingerprint pattern. These can be recorded by photograph without treating thesurface, is usually most effective in revealing the impressions clearly. Visible impressions are formedwhen the finger is covered with some substance which is transferred to the surface contacted.Fingers smeared with blood, grease, dirt, paint, and the like will leave a visible impression. If theseimpressions are clear and sharp, they are photographed under light without ant treatment.Ordinarily, prints of this type are blurred or smeared and do not contain enough detail foridentification by comparison. However, they can not be overlooked or brushed aside without firstbeing examined carefully.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
[A] Visible impressions. [B] Moulded impressions.
[C] Fingerprints. [D] Latent fingerprints.
2. How many fingermarks are mentioned in this passage?
[A] 2. [B] 3. [C] 4. [D] 5.
3. Which type of fingerprints is most likely to retain?
[A] Latent fingerprints. [B] Visible impressions.
[C] Moulded impressions. [D] Clear fingerprints.
4. How many ways are there to develop fingerprints?
[A] 2. [B] 3. [C] 4. [D] 5.
答案
1. C. 指印，不管哪一種。
A. 可見壓痕。 B. 模性壓痕。 C. 潛指印，都屬于指印。所以最佳的標(biāo)題應(yīng)是指印。
2. B. 三種指印，即：潛指印，模性和可見壓痕。
3. A. 潛指印。因?yàn)闈撝赣‰[秘，又是作案人無意中留下不易為人發(fā)現(xiàn)和破壞。其價(jià)值性從文中第三段描寫取潛指印可見一般。
B. 和C. 見第四段“一定不要忽略其它兩種類型的指印痕：模性壓痕和可見壓痕的可能性”這說明這兩種指印較少，特別是模性壓痕是在相當(dāng)柔軟，柔韌或者塑性表面留下的，作案人一般都是小心翼翼的，不留下指印，更不太可能在這類東西上壓上一個(gè)指痕。至于可見壓痕，是手上沾了“血，油脂，臟土，油漆之類物品”留下�！耙话銇碚f，這種類型的指印都是模糊不清或者是污臟難分，比較之下它們對(duì)鑒定來說，沒有足夠細(xì)節(jié)證據(jù)�！� D. 清楚指印，沒有這個(gè)專門名稱。
4. A. 兩種。第三段第四句起“在顯影指印時(shí)，公認(rèn)的方法是用少許粉末，輕輕拂掃。如果指印在昏暗的'燈光下可見，就可以攝影”，“指印輕掃后就用指紋膠帶或商業(yè)專備材料把它們?nèi)∠�。這是一種專門設(shè)計(jì)用于取下和轉(zhuǎn)移輕拂掃后的指印材料�！�
英語專業(yè)八級(jí)閱讀試題附答案詳解 2
Part I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A Multiple - choice Questions
Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow by choosing the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.
Passage 1
The concept of "time poverty" has emerged as a significant issue in modern society. With the fast - paced nature of our lives, many people feel that they do not have enough time to accomplish all that they need or want to do. This perceived lack of time can have a profound impact on individuals well - being, relationships, and overall quality of life.
Time poverty is often associated with the demands of work. In todays competitive job market, employees are frequently expected to work long hours, take on additional responsibilities, and be constantly available for work - related communication. This can leave little time for personal pursuits, relaxation, or spending time with family and friends.
Moreover, the proliferation of technology has contributed to time poverty in some ways. While technology has made many aspects of our lives more convenient, it has also created new expectations and pressures. For example, the constant stream of emails, social media notifications, and other digital distractions can make it difficult for people to focus on one task at a time and can eat into the time that they could be using for more meaningful activities.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The definition of time poverty.
B. The causes and effects of time poverty.
C. The relationship between work and time poverty.
D. The impact of technology on time poverty.
2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a cause of time poverty related to work?
A. Long working hours.
B. Additional job responsibilities.
C. High salary demands.
D. Constant availability for work - related communication.
3. How has technology contributed to time poverty?
A. By making our lives more convenient.
B. By creating new expectations and pressures.
C. By reducing the amount of work we have to do.
D. By improving our focus on tasks.
Passage 2
The history of the book is a rich and complex tapestry that spans thousands of years. From the earliest forms of writing on clay tablets in ancient Mesopotamia to the modern e - book, the way we record and disseminate information has undergone remarkable transformations.
In ancient times, books were rare and precious objects. They were painstakingly created by hand, often by scribes who spent years copying and illuminating manuscripts. These early books were usually reserved for the elite, such as religious leaders, scholars, and the wealthy, as they were expensive to produce and required a high level of skill to create.
The invention of the printing press in the 15th century was a revolutionary moment in the history of the book. It made it possible to produce books in large quantities and at a much lower cost. This led to a significant increase in literacy rates as more people had access to books. The printed book became a powerful tool for spreading knowledge, ideas, and culture, and it played a crucial role in the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution.
4. What is the main topic of this passage?
A. The history of writing.
B. The development of the book.
C. The role of scribes in ancient times.
D. The impact of the printing press.
5. In ancient times, why were books only accessible to the elite?
A. Because they were not interested in sharing knowledge with the common people.
B. Because books were difficult to produce and expensive.
C. Because the common people were illiterate.
D. Because there were no printing presses.
6. What was the significance of the printing press?
A. It made books more beautiful.
B. It increased the cost of books.
C. It made books more widely available and contributed to the spread of knowledge.
D. It reduced the role of scribes.
Section B Short - answer Questions
Read the following passage and answer the questions in no more than 10 words each.
Passage 3
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most talked - about topics in recent years. It has the potential to revolutionize many industries, from healthcare to transportation. In healthcare, AI can be used to analyze medical images, predict disease outbreaks, and assist in diagnosis. In transportation, self - driving cars powered by AI technology are being developed, which could change the way we travel.
However, there are also concerns about AI. One major concern is job displacement. As AI systems become more capable, there is a risk that they will replace human workers in certain jobs. Another concern is the ethical implications of AI. For example, how should we ensure that AI systems make fair and unbiased decisions?
7. What are two potential benefits of AI in healthcare?
8. What are the two concerns about AI mentioned?
答案
Section A
1. B。文章既提到了時(shí)間貧困的概念，又闡述了工作壓力和科技發(fā)展對(duì)時(shí)間貧困的.影響，以及時(shí)間貧困對(duì)人們生活的影響，所以是原因和影響。
2. C。文中未提及高薪資需求是導(dǎo)致時(shí)間貧困的原因，A、B、D選項(xiàng)在文中第二段都有提及。
3. B。根據(jù)第三段“it has also created new expectations and pressures”可知。
4. B。文章圍繞書籍從古代到現(xiàn)代的發(fā)展歷程展開。
5. B。根據(jù)第二段“They were painstakingly created by hand... expensive to produce”可知。
6. C。根據(jù)第三段“It made it possible to produce books in large quantities... spreading knowledge”可知。
Section B
7. Diagnosis and outbreak prediction.
8. Job displacement and ethics.
英語專業(yè)八級(jí)閱讀試題附答案詳解 3
Section A
Passage 1
In the digital age, our relationship with information has changed dramatically. We are now bombarded with vast amounts of data from various sources every day. The internet, social media platforms, and mobile devices have made information more accessible than ever before. However, this abundance of information has also brought new challenges.
One of the main issues is information overload. People often find it difficult to sift through the huge volume of data to find what is relevant and reliable. With so many news articles, blog posts, and videos available at our fingertips, its easy to get distracted and overwhelmed. This can lead to decision fatigue, as we struggle to make sense of all the information when trying to make choices.
Another problem is the spread of misinformation. In the digital landscape, false information can spread like wildfire. Some people may share content without verifying its authenticity, either out of ignorance or with malicious intent. This can have serious consequences, especially in areas such as public health and politics.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The advantages of the digital age in terms of information.
B. The challenges caused by the large amount of digital information.
C. The ways to deal with information overload.
D. The impact of misinformation on society.
2. According to the passage, what may cause information overload?
A. Lack of access to information.
B. Difficulty in finding relevant and reliable information among a large amount.
C. The limited number of information sources.
D. The simplicity of decision - making.
3. Why does misinformation spread easily in the digital age?
A. Because people always verify the information before sharing.
B. Because there are few tools to stop it.
C. Because some people share content without checking its truth and there may be malicious intent.
D. Because all digital platforms encourage the spread of such information.
Passage 2
Sustainable fashion has emerged as a significant trend in recent years. Consumers are becoming more aware of the environmental and social impacts of the fashion industry. The traditional fashion model, which is based on fast - paced production and consumption, has led to problems such as excessive waste, pollution, and poor working conditions in factories.
Sustainable fashion aims to address these issues. It involves using eco - friendly materials, such as organic cotton, recycled polyester, and other sustainable fabrics. Brands are also focusing on ethical manufacturing processes, ensuring fair labor practices and safe working conditions for workers.
Moreover, the concept of circular fashion is gaining popularity. This means designing clothes that can be recycled, repaired, or upcycled at the end of their life cycle. Some companies are even setting up take - back programs to encourage consumers to return old clothes for recycling.
4. What is the main purpose of sustainable fashion?
A. To make fashion more trendy.
B. To address the environmental and social problems caused by the traditional fashion industry.
C. To produce more clothes at a faster pace.
D. To make consumers buy more expensive clothes.
5. What are some aspects of sustainable fashion according to the passage?
A. Using only natural materials.
B. Using eco - friendly materials and ethical manufacturing processes.
C. Producing clothes with complex designs.
D. Encouraging consumers to buy more clothes.
6. What is circular fashion?
A. Fashion that follows circular designs.
B. Fashion that focuses on recycling, repairing, or upcycling clothes at the end of their life cycle.
C. Fashion that is only for circular events.
D. Fashion that uses recycled materials only for new designs.
Section B
Passage 3
The development of renewable energy sources is crucial for the future of our planet. As the worlds population continues to grow and energy demands increase, we need to find alternatives to fossil fuels. Renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power, offers several advantages.
Solar energy, for example, is abundant and clean. With the right technology, we can harness the power of the sun to generate electricity. Wind energy is also a viable option, especially in areas with strong and consistent winds. Hydroelectric power has been used for decades and can provide a stable source of energy. Geothermal energy, which taps into the heat from the Earths interior, is another promising source.
However, there are also challenges in the development of renewable energy. One of the main issues is the intermittency of some sources. For instance, solar power depends on sunlight, so it may not be available during cloudy days or at night. Wind power also fluctuates with wind conditions. Additionally, the initial investment required for setting up renewable energy infrastructure can be high.
7. Why is the development of renewable energy important?
8. What are two challenges in the development of renewable energy according to the passage?
答案詳解
Section A
1. B。文章第一段指出數(shù)字時(shí)代信息獲取便捷，接著重點(diǎn)闡述了信息過載和虛假信息這兩個(gè)由大量數(shù)字信息帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，所以答案是 B。A選項(xiàng)只提到了數(shù)字時(shí)代信息的.優(yōu)勢(shì)，不全面；C選項(xiàng)文中未提及應(yīng)對(duì)信息過載的方法；D選項(xiàng)只是文中部分內(nèi)容。
2. B。根據(jù)第二段“One of the main issues is information overload. People often find it difficult to sift through the huge volume of data to find what is relevant and reliable.”可知，大量信息中難以找到相關(guān)可靠信息會(huì)導(dǎo)致信息過載，答案為 B。A選項(xiàng)與信息過載相悖；C選項(xiàng)文中未提及信息源有限導(dǎo)致過載；D選項(xiàng)決策簡單與信息過載無關(guān)。
3. C。根據(jù)第三段“Some people may share content without verifying its authenticity, either out of ignorance or with malicious intent.”可知，有些人不核實(shí)信息真假或惡意傳播導(dǎo)致虛假信息容易傳播，答案為 C。A選項(xiàng)與原文相反；B選項(xiàng)文中未提及阻止虛假信息的工具少；D選項(xiàng)“所有數(shù)字平臺(tái)鼓勵(lì)”說法錯(cuò)誤。
4. B。根據(jù)第二段“Sustainable fashion aims to address these issues. The traditional fashion model... has led to problems such as excessive waste, pollution, and poor working conditions in factories.”可知，可持續(xù)時(shí)尚旨在解決傳統(tǒng)時(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來的環(huán)境和社會(huì)問題，答案為 B。A選項(xiàng)不是主要目的；C選項(xiàng)與可持續(xù)時(shí)尚理念相悖；D選項(xiàng)文中未提及讓消費(fèi)者買更貴的衣服。
5. B。根據(jù)第二段“It involves using eco - friendly materials... Brands are also focusing on ethical manufacturing processes...”可知，可持續(xù)時(shí)尚包括使用環(huán)保材料和遵循道德的制造工藝，答案為 B。A選項(xiàng)“只使用天然材料”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)文中未提及復(fù)雜設(shè)計(jì)；D選項(xiàng)與可持續(xù)時(shí)尚理念不符。
6. B。根據(jù)第三段“Moreover, the concept of circular fashion is gaining popularity. This means designing clothes that can be recycled, repaired, or upcycled at the end of their life cycle.”可知，循環(huán)時(shí)尚是注重衣服在生命周期結(jié)束時(shí)的回收、修復(fù)或升級(jí)再造，答案為 B。A選項(xiàng)“遵循圓形設(shè)計(jì)”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“只用于圓形活動(dòng)”錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“只使用回收材料用于新設(shè)計(jì)”錯(cuò)誤。
Section B
7. Because the worlds population is growing and energy demands are increasing, and we need alternatives to fossil fuels.
8. The intermittency of some sources (e.g. solar depends on sunlight, wind power fluctuates with wind) and the high initial investment for infrastructure.
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