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專四英語聽力VOA常速練習輔導材料
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Presidential Election Campaigning Underway in Iowa
Although the November 2016 presidential election is over a year and half away, campaigning to choose party nominees is already underway in Iowa - a key state because it holds a party caucus early in the election season.
Though Cedar Falls, Iowa has a population just over 40,000, right now it is the epicenter of the race for the White House. Republican party presidential hopefuls are pressing the flesh (shaking hands with people) and answering voters' questions on issues ranging from immigration reform to marriage equality.
“My biggest concern as a voter is that America has to come back to God," said Linda Morris.
Republican voter Linda Morris was among a group attending a breakfast with candidate and former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee.
“We have gone down the wrong path for the last eight years," she said.
Conservative voter Curtis Bartlett agrees. He wants a president that can reverse escalating racial tensions in America.
“I don’t understand why whites and blacks can’t get together and sit down and talk over what one person wants, the other person wants too," said Bartlett.
Bartlett’s list of concerns also includes the debate over same-sex marriage.
It’s an issue that attracted dozens of protestors outside Cedar Falls High School. Inside, Huckabee joined fellow presidential hopeful former Senator Rick Santorum on stage to speak with conservative voters who oppose same-sex marriage.
“I don’t think it’s that big of an issue," said Lynn Brant.
As a Democrat, Lynn Brant supports same-sex marriage. In his party, the leading presidential contender is former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who also visited Cedar Falls to interact with potential supporters.
“It looks like Hillary might be a shoo-in, but I hope not. I hope that there is a debate that she will have to defend herself and the Democrats will have a choice," said Brant.
Iowa matters for these candidates because it is the first state to hold an election, called a caucus. The results can either boost or sink aspirations for the White House early in an election year depending on who wins or loses.
For Republicans this year, Iowa is the place where they can build name recognition and momentum ahead of the caucus. But the growing field of candidates all vying for attention and campaign funding concerns Curtis Bartlett.
“Because are you going to wipe out somebody who could be a good candidate right away because they can’t get the finances?" Asked Bartlett.
More finances means more advertising, and in an election expected to break all previous records for money spent, every dollar counts.
詞匯解析
immediate
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
adj.直接的;最接近的;立即的;目前的
參考例句
用作形容詞 (adj.)
The evidence has no immediate bearing on the case.
該證據(jù)與本案無直接關(guān)系。
Today's immediate problem is one of distribution of both food and income.
目前面臨的緊迫問題是食物分配和收入分配問題。
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tragedy
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
n.悲劇;災難;慘事
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
This recent tragedy has put the manufacturersof the drug squarely in the dock.
新近發(fā)生的這一悲慘事件使藥品廠商受到指控。
It was a tragedy that she died so young.
她這么年輕就去世，真是太不幸了。
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flesh
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
n.肉;肉體;人類
v.充實;變胖
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
The knife cut the flesh of his arm.
小刀把他胳膊上的肉割破了。
用作動詞 (v.)
Examples were used to flesh out the skeleton of the argument.
通過例證使干巴巴的.論點充實起來。
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substantial
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
adj.大量的;堅固的;實質(zhì)的;可觀的
n.本質(zhì);重要部份
參考例句
用作形容詞 (adj.)
New economic development policies led to substantial and rapid growth.
新的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展政策帶來了快速和大量的增長。
Substantial profits accrue when sales take off.
當銷售額突飛猛進之后，可觀的利潤就開始自然累積。
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candidate
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
n.候選人;應試者
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
He made several favorable comments about their candidate.
他對他們的候選人發(fā)表了一些有利的評論。
Most candidates passed in grammar.
參加考試的人大多數(shù)語法及格。
************************
sophisticated
英漢解釋
adj.老練的;精密的;復雜的;久經(jīng)世故的
參考例句
用作形容詞 (adj.)
She is such a sophisticated woman that she saw through his trick at the first sight.
她是個十分老練的女人,她一眼就看穿了他的把戲。
The publisher's techniques for the promotion of his books have become increasingly sophisticated since the 1950s.
自20世紀50年代以來,出版商推銷書籍的方式愈加復雜。
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oppose
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
v.反對;對抗;使對立
參考例句
用作動詞 (v.)
It was courageous of him to oppose his chief.
他敢反對他的上司，真是勇敢。
We're firmly opposed to the practice of powerpolitics between nations.
我們強烈反對在國與國之間實行強權(quán)政治。
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