考研英語作文運(yùn)用需要注意什么
我們在準(zhǔn)備考研英語的復(fù)習(xí)手,面臨作文運(yùn)用的時(shí)候,需要注意的事項(xiàng)有很多。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語作文運(yùn)用的方法,歡迎大家前來閱讀。
考研英語作文運(yùn)用的注意事項(xiàng)
1、讀范文理解為主
之前我們已經(jīng)提過,僅僅背誦范文是不夠的,我們要通過多次精讀吃透文章。所謂吃透,就是要全部理解,沒有盲點(diǎn),然后在理解的基礎(chǔ)上,欣賞范文的亮點(diǎn)并學(xué)習(xí),最終將它們?yōu)槲宜谩?/p>
可是一說讀透,許多小伙伴都不知該從何下手。不用著急,在看范文的時(shí)候,要學(xué)習(xí)范文的:
(1)精彩詞匯:范文中哪些詞匯是高級詞匯?可與哪些詞替換?
(2)精彩詞組:文中有哪些高級詞組?如何替換?
(3)精彩句型:文中的精彩句型有哪些?如何進(jìn)行paraphrase?
(4)句子結(jié)構(gòu):范文采用了哪些句子結(jié)構(gòu)?是倒裝句,還是強(qiáng)調(diào)句?
(5)段落結(jié)構(gòu):范文到底采用的是什么結(jié)構(gòu)?總分總、起承轉(zhuǎn)合,抑或是起合的結(jié)構(gòu)?
(6)關(guān)聯(lián)詞:關(guān)聯(lián)詞都有哪些?范文中又使用了哪些?
(7)同義替換:范文是從哪些方面進(jìn)行同義替換的?詞匯,還是句型?
(8)同詞替換:哪些詞可以進(jìn)行互換?
(9)精彩觀點(diǎn):范文表達(dá)了哪些精彩觀點(diǎn)?如何表達(dá)的?
(10)分析評論:范文是如何進(jìn)行分析評論的?
2、多練
在學(xué)習(xí)了上面這些亮點(diǎn)之處之后,造句對小伙伴們來說并非難事。只有自己寫出句子才能知道自己的不足之處,有針對性的進(jìn)行彌補(bǔ),進(jìn)而提高自身水平。
3、多讀
所謂"書讀百遍,其義自現(xiàn)",顧名思義,只要大聲朗讀范文,多讀幾遍,仔細(xì)思考,自然就會(huì)明白范文的`意思,這也有利于學(xué)習(xí)范文。
4、多背
在理解了范文之后,背熟范文已是非常容易的事了。但艾賓浩斯的遺忘曲線表明,記憶的事物會(huì)遵循先快后慢,先多后少的原則慢慢被遺忘。要想不遺忘,必須在16小時(shí)之后進(jìn)行再次記憶。所以,在背熟范文的基礎(chǔ)上,多次記憶也顯得非常重要。此外,也可以將所背的內(nèi)容默寫出來,這也是不錯(cuò)的方法。
5、多用
在背誦了不少范文,學(xué)習(xí)了范文的精彩之處后,小伙伴們該將之前的輸入轉(zhuǎn)化為輸出,將所學(xué)的知識運(yùn)用到仿寫中,寫出自己的文章了。寫完之后要仔細(xì)檢查文章,對不足之處進(jìn)行修改。總之,背誦、默寫、仿寫、反復(fù)修改,是小伙伴們學(xué)習(xí)范文,提高寫作能力的有效途徑之一。
其實(shí)考研英語作文難度并沒有那么大,只要大家認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇,英語作文一定能拿到理想的分?jǐn)?shù)。
考研英語新題型的解題策略
▶從意思上判斷
7選5的文章篇幅較長,其實(shí)并不需要每句都讀,我們可以有選擇的只讀空格的前后句,提取這兩句話的中心意思,然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性和邏輯性選取正確答案。那么,如果意思不太懂怎么辦?
▶鎖定線索詞
新題型很重要的一點(diǎn)就是:要保持對線索詞的敏感。第一,閱讀中要特別注意名詞(或同 類事物的詞語)和動(dòng)詞(或同義和近義詞),看到就隨手標(biāo)出,方便定位,節(jié)省時(shí)間。第二,要特別重視代詞的指代,確定句子的主體對象。第三,注意數(shù)詞和表示 時(shí)間、年代的詞。以2013年的新題型為例:
一、指代線索解題
(42)______________. This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .
[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.
解析:this指代前文的內(nèi)容,shame 意為“羞恥,憾事”,它決定所填的句子應(yīng)該有否定的意義。通過瀏覽選項(xiàng),只有F符合要求,reluctant to tackle such problems表示“不愿去解決這樣的問題”。
二、數(shù)字線索解題
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding. (44)____________. This is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.
[G] During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds—including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate —varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations, it is about 15%.
解析:amount(數(shù)量,總額)決定了下面要填的句子肯定含有數(shù)字,而funding(資金,經(jīng)費(fèi))則對應(yīng)了選項(xiàng)G中的spending(支出,花費(fèi))。
▶查找關(guān)聯(lián)詞
為了使文章邏輯更加清楚和連貫,英語的段落和句子之間經(jīng)常會(huì)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示銜接和過渡。可以通過查找文章中和選項(xiàng)中標(biāo)志邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞來確定選項(xiàng)。例如:看到表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,表明前后句義具有同指性;看到表示轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞表明前后句義成反向關(guān)系。
關(guān)聯(lián)詞線索解題
Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change”have increased rapidly since 2004. (43)_______________.
[B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.
解析:前一句的主干說the number of papers ...... have increased rapidly, 那么下一句應(yīng)該還會(huì)繼續(xù)圍繞number這個(gè)中心展開,要么考查順向關(guān)系,要么考查逆向關(guān)系,如果沒有關(guān)系性就沒有出題的必要了!
顯然B選項(xiàng) However, the numbers are still small與之對應(yīng),構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。大意為:雖然論文的數(shù)量已經(jīng)快速的增長,但是這個(gè)數(shù)量仍然很小。
總之,“快準(zhǔn)狠”解決新題型的關(guān)鍵就在于“找詞眼”,希望大家好好利用線索詞。
考研英語作文沖刺的加分句
1、There are several reasons for the marked increase in China's situation—the dramatic influx of itinerant workers in urban areas ; declining social values ; and widening disparities between the haves and have-nots .
中國的現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)率顯著升高有很多原因——城區(qū)大量流動(dòng)工人的涌入;社會(huì)價(jià)值的貶低以及貧富之間日益擴(kuò)大的差距。
2、What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise? For one thing, people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness. For another, the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues. The main thing perhaps centers on the health care and psychological benefits exercise provides.
什么引發(fā)了人們對鍛煉越來越濃的興趣?一方面,人們更加清楚地意識到保持身體健康的必要性。另一方面,不斷提高的生活水平使中國人能夠支付增加的娛樂支出。最主要的可能在于鍛煉帶來的保健和心理上的好處。
3、Participating in interactive experiences beneficial to all is something that no one should miss . The valuable lessons learned therefore should not be arbitrarily dismissed , but should instead be treasured .
參加對所有人都有益的互動(dòng)式體驗(yàn)是任何一個(gè)人都不應(yīng)該錯(cuò)過的。從中獲得的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)不應(yīng)該任意拋棄,而應(yīng)該倍加珍惜。
4、There's little wonder why young people often find it difficult to find an appropriate role model. No wonder they drink, smoke, fright, carouse and otherwise engage in inappropriate social behavior.
年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到合適的榜樣并不奇怪。難怪他們喝酒、抽煙、打架、狂歡作樂或者做出不當(dāng)?shù)纳鐣?huì)舉動(dòng)。
5、From the standpoint of success, a good work ethic is no less important than an education. Success does, in fact, depend on the total integration of both aspects.
從成功的角度來說,良好的職業(yè)道德與教育同等重要。事實(shí)上,成功的確建立在兩方面完全融合的基礎(chǔ)上。
6、The growing trend for wives to work outside the home even when their husbands are present and employed is in part a sharing of the financial burden with the husband, and in part a reflection of the need these women feel to have a measurable sense of personal worth.
越來越多的妻子到外面工作,甚至和她們的丈夫再一起工作,一方面是為了和丈夫共同承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)重?fù)?dān),一方面反映了女性感到需要有可衡量的個(gè)人價(jià)值。
7、Improving the plight of teachers is indeed a priority item. However, improving the overall education system is likewise no less important.
改善教師的困難處境的確是優(yōu)先處理的一件事情。但是,改進(jìn)整個(gè)教育系統(tǒng)同等重要。
8、Effluent discharges of industrial waste water and raw sewage into rivers, lakes and inshore coastal areas have not only adversely affected marine life and aquatic resources, but have also jeopardized one of the major necessities for sustaining life-Potable Water.
工業(yè)廢水和原污水排放入河流、湖泊和近海岸區(qū)域不僅給海洋生物和水生資源帶來了負(fù)面影響,而且也破壞了維持生命的主要必需品之一---飲用水。
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