不同水平的托福寫(xiě)作技巧有哪些
托福考試的寫(xiě)作是一個(gè)重難點(diǎn)，那么不同水平的托�？忌加心男⿲�(xiě)作技巧呢?為此百分網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)?lái)不同水平的托�？忌膶�(xiě)作技巧。
不同水平的托福寫(xiě)作技巧
我們把學(xué)生分成三個(gè)階段的學(xué)生。第一個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)段是limited的，然后fair的，然后是good。
首先是limited的學(xué)生，首先對(duì)于托�？荚囍袑�(xiě)作部分最大的問(wèn)題可能是語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的問(wèn)題。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言的限制，很多思路都不能很好的表達(dá)出來(lái)。對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，學(xué)生不要一味的追求要用很難的詞，首先要學(xué)會(huì)把簡(jiǎn)單的詞用對(duì)，把簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)法用準(zhǔn)確。平時(shí)可以背一些句型，這樣可以保證一部分的文章篇幅里面不會(huì)出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。另外呢，在論證方面，也就是論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)，可以用一些身邊的小故事，用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)出來(lái)。第二點(diǎn)，這些學(xué)生很多時(shí)候看到一篇文章都沒(méi)有思路。看到一道題，可能深情凝望3分鐘，一點(diǎn)想法都沒(méi)有。這個(gè)問(wèn)題怎么破?除了平時(shí)通過(guò)做題不斷積累，也需要在備考過(guò)程中對(duì)于考題按照話(huà)題進(jìn)行歸納，因?yàn)楹芏嘞嗤?huà)題的題目都是可以用一樣的論點(diǎn)來(lái)進(jìn)行證明的。
其次是fair的學(xué)生，相對(duì)于limited的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，fair的學(xué)生語(yǔ)言上會(huì)比較有優(yōu)勢(shì)。會(huì)影響托福寫(xiě)作考官理解的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤相對(duì)較少，用詞也會(huì)比較準(zhǔn)確。但是這部分學(xué)生在語(yǔ)言上還是句式比較單一，用詞比較簡(jiǎn)單。這一方面，可以通過(guò)平時(shí)對(duì)于高分句式和同義詞替換的積累來(lái)增加語(yǔ)言的多樣性。此外，這部分學(xué)生出現(xiàn)的最大問(wèn)題，也是沒(méi)有思路，或者想到了論點(diǎn)不知道應(yīng)該如何展開(kāi)。和limited的學(xué)生一樣，這部分學(xué)生也應(yīng)該按照話(huà)題對(duì)于機(jī)經(jīng)里的題目進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。此外，在論證方面可以多積累一些高頻論據(jù)。這樣不僅在考場(chǎng)中節(jié)約了時(shí)間，還通過(guò)高頻論據(jù)里的高分句型讓語(yǔ)言更加多樣化，一舉多得。
最后是good的學(xué)生。這一部分的學(xué)生和前兩部分的學(xué)生相比，最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)還是在語(yǔ)言方面。這部分的學(xué)生可能在用詞方面會(huì)用一些高大上的詞匯了，語(yǔ)法上的錯(cuò)誤也比較少。那么這部分的學(xué)生問(wèn)題會(huì)出現(xiàn)在文章組織和結(jié)構(gòu)方面，他們可能不太了解一些托福寫(xiě)作技巧。問(wèn)題在于一種是碰到不熟悉的題，30分鐘的考試時(shí)間不夠用。第二種就是不能選擇一種最合適的，邏輯最嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奈恼陆Y(jié)構(gòu)。那么這個(gè)層次的同學(xué)，平時(shí)就應(yīng)該按照題型對(duì)于機(jī)經(jīng)里的題目進(jìn)行劃分，思考對(duì)于不同題型來(lái)說(shuō)，什么樣的結(jié)構(gòu)是最適合的。比如說(shuō)對(duì)于最高級(jí)題目來(lái)說(shuō)，通用性最高，邏輯最嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)木褪亲尣睫D(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)類(lèi)型化的練習(xí)，讓考試的時(shí)候可以有一個(gè)清晰的思路。
以上就是關(guān)于平時(shí)對(duì)托福寫(xiě)作的練習(xí)中，針對(duì)自己水平的不同制定的計(jì)劃也應(yīng)該有所區(qū)別。在托福練習(xí)中寫(xiě)作部分是因人而異的，錯(cuò)誤的方法并不會(huì)取得好的效果�？忌鷤儜�(yīng)該根據(jù)自己總結(jié)出適合的托福寫(xiě)作技巧來(lái)取得理想的成績(jī)。
托福寫(xiě)作技巧：結(jié)尾段
如果把寫(xiě)作比作一場(chǎng)辯論賽的話(huà)，結(jié)尾段就是比賽的總結(jié)陳詞。一個(gè)精彩的段落總結(jié)詞既可以思路清晰的總結(jié)自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，也可以對(duì)文章主旨進(jìn)行展望和反思。在寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中可以通過(guò)總結(jié)分論點(diǎn)和重申立場(chǎng)來(lái)總結(jié)全文，可以通過(guò)生化擴(kuò)展來(lái)總結(jié)文章中心思想。很多同學(xué)因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言水平和時(shí)間關(guān)系放棄了“升華擴(kuò)展”這個(gè)層次。之所以這樣是可以理解的，因?yàn)槿绻軌驕?zhǔn)確總結(jié)文章就能夠支撐起整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果能夠快速的掌握總結(jié)文章意思的技巧，并且運(yùn)用到作文中，那么就很有可能在寫(xiě)作上拿到一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)。
在結(jié)論寫(xiě)作中常用到的方法有結(jié)論法、建議/號(hào)召法、展望法等。結(jié)論法僅是要求考生能夠?qū)?duì)題目所討論的話(huà)題進(jìn)行一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的總結(jié)。關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)我們可以在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)的過(guò)程中就根據(jù)托福考試歷年真題上面的題目來(lái)總結(jié)，比如環(huán)境、醫(yī)療、教育、金錢(qián)、職業(yè)、科技、經(jīng)濟(jì)，根據(jù)每個(gè)話(huà)題準(zhǔn)備一兩句話(huà)就可以了。
建議、號(hào)召法在寫(xiě)作上是一種比較中立寫(xiě)作方法，也即是不褒也不貶，只是站在中立的.立場(chǎng)給出一個(gè)合理的建議，也就是將上面的句式改為祈使句就可以了。
展望法在使用的時(shí)候要求比較低，因?yàn)橥ǔＧ闆r下他表達(dá)的是一個(gè)美好的愿望。托�？荚囍袑�(xiě)作部分的題目大部分都是argument，所以展望的就是對(duì)題目正確方向的一個(gè)概括。比如說(shuō)在工作中錢(qián)的重要性，關(guān)于這個(gè)題目的展望就是：希望隨著社會(huì)進(jìn)步經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，人們生活越來(lái)越好。
托福寫(xiě)作技巧：定義法
“科技”定義：
Technology is the activity or study of using scientific knowledge for practical purposes in industry, farming, medicine, business, etc.
可能用到的題目：
Technology designed to make our life simpler actually makes our life more complicated.
“電話(huà)”定義：
The telephone is a technology of communication that makes it possible for people to talk directly to someone else in a different place.
可能用到的題目：
Telephone has had greater effects on people's lives than television.
“電視”定義：
Television, a communicative medium sending and receiving pictures and sounds by electrical signals, has become a traditional form of mass media and part of the modern culture.
可能用到的題目：
The purpose of television should be all educative, not entertaining.
“電影”定義：
Movies, moving pictures that can tell stories or show reality, have become a mainstream form of art and an important way of entertainment.
可能用到的題目：
Movies and TV have more negative effects than positive effects on the way young people behave.
“電子書(shū)”定義：
An electronic book refers to a book-length publication in digital form.
可能用到的題目：
In twenty years from now, students will not use printed books anymore.
“旅行”定義：
Travel means one’s moving from a familiar place to another or to several places.
可能用到的題目：
Which way is the best for students to make new friends: joining a sport team, participating in community activities, or travelling?
“體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”定義：
Sports are games such as football, tennis and other activities which need physical effort and skill.
可能用到的題目：
Sports can teach people important lessons on the understanding of life.
“社會(huì)生活”定義：
Social life consists of the activities in which people socialize, for example in their houses or at parties.
可能用到的題目：
It is more important for schools to fund their students’ social activities than to improve students’ meals.
“社交技能”定義：
Social skill is any skill facilitating interaction and communication with others.
可能用到的題目：
Students should not take part-time jobs while they are studying in universities.
“建議”定義：
If people give you advice, they tell you what they think you should do in a particular situation.
可能用到的題目：
Getting advice from people who are older than you is more valuable than from people of your age.
“政府”定義：
A government is the group of people who are responsible for governing a country for a particular time.
可能用到的題目：
People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there's no need for the government to help them.
“教育”定義：
Education is a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research.
可能用到的題目：
Improving schools is the most important factor in the successful development of a country.
“大學(xué)”定義：
A university is an institution where students study for degrees and where academic research is done.
可能用到的題目：
For the successful development of a county, a government should focus its budget more on the education of very young children (5—10 years old) rather than on university.
“教授”定義：
A professor is a scholarly teacher whose duty consists of both teaching and doing research.
可能用到的題目：
It is more important for professor to teach students than to do researches.
“藝術(shù)”和“藝術(shù)家”定義：
Art is the creation and production of paintings, drawings, sculptures, etc., when these things are considered to be beautiful or to express in a unique way a particular idea or meaning.
Artists are people who create and produce works of art as their jobs or hobbies.
可能用到的題目：
The government should support artists rather than let them support themselves.
“經(jīng)濟(jì)”定義：
版本一：An economy is the system according to which the money, industry, and trade of a country or region are organized.
版本二：A country’s economy is the wealth that it gets from business and industry.
可能用到的題目：
Governments should focus more on preservation of environment rather than economic development.
“醫(yī)療”定義：
Health care is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, illness, injury, etc. in humans.
可能用到的題目：
When in times of economy crisis, government should spend less money on which part? Education, Health Care or support for unemployed?
“音樂(lè)”定義：
Music consists of sounds that are put together in a pattern and performed by people either using instruments or singing in order to give them pleasure.
可能用到的題目：
Young children (aged 5-10) should be required to learn music and art in addition to math, science, history and language.
“工作”定義：
A job is an activity one does regularly for payment.
可能用到的題目：
A secure job with lower pay is better than a job with higher pay but easy to lose.
“社會(huì)”定義：
版本一：A society is the people who live in a country or region, their organizations, and their way of life.
版本二：Society is people in general, thought of as a large organized group.
可能用到的題目：
The most important problems affecting our society today could be solved within our lifetime.
“文化”定義：
Culture consists of the ideas, customs, and art that are produced or shared by a particular society.
可能用到的題目：
Movies and TV programs produced in our own country are more interesting than foreign ones.
“環(huán)境”定義：
The environment is the natural surroundings in which people live.
可能用到的題目：
Environmental issues are too complex for individuals to deal with.
“樂(lè)觀(guān)”定義：
Optimism is the feeling of being hopeful about the future and the belief that a particular situation or course of action will be successful.
可能用到的題目：
Do you think success is important, or it is more important to remain happy and optimistic when you fail?
“耐心”定義：
Patience is one’s ability to control his/her feelings so that he/she does not get annoyed, even in situations which other people would find annoying or frustrating.
可能用到的題目：
Patience is usually not a good strategy. We should take action now rather than later.
“交流”定義：
Communication is the activity or process of giving information to other people, using signals such as speech, body movements, or online messages.
可能用到的題目：
Communication skill is the most important characteristic of successful leadership.
“公司”定義：
A company is a business organization that exists in order to make money by selling goods or services.
可能用到的題目：
Businesses should hire their employees for their entire life.
“廣告”定義：
Advertising is the activities of showing products, events or jobs in public in order to encourage people to buy the products, go to the events, or apply for the jobs.
可能用到的題目：
In order to succeed, a company should invest a great amount of money in advertising.
“父母”定義：
Our parents are people who give us life, parenting and upbringing.
可能用到的題目：
Parents spend too much time in deciding what their children do in the future; children should make their own choices.
“家庭教育”定義：
Family education is the first education one receives, and in large part determines his/her characters and capabilities.
可能用到的題目：
Parents today are more involved in their children’s education than in the past.
“博物館”定義：
A museum is a building where a large number of interesting and valuable objects, such as works of art or historical items, are kept, studied, and displayed to the public.
可能用到的題目：
Visiting museums is the best way to learn about a country.
“寵物”定義：
A pet is an animal that you keep in your home to give you company and pleasure.
可能用到的題目：
The best way to teach a child responsibility is to let him/her keep an animal.
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