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定語(yǔ)從句where which
關(guān)于where與which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,大家知道有哪些區(qū)別?相關(guān)的用法是哪些呢?
定語(yǔ)從句中where和which 的區(qū)別
一、區(qū)別
關(guān)鍵是看從句中的動(dòng)詞。
1)如果是及物動(dòng)詞(顧名思義,就是必須要接物做賓語(yǔ)的`動(dòng)詞,或能用做被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞),則表明從句缺賓語(yǔ),修飾物用which.
2)如動(dòng)詞是不及物(顧名思義就是不需要接物做賓語(yǔ)的或要接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)前面必須要加介詞的,即用介賓的動(dòng)詞),則說(shuō)明從句不缺賓語(yǔ),可能是狀語(yǔ)(或介賓)。表地點(diǎn)用where.時(shí)間用when.
二、例句
1)This is the town which I wanted to visit most.
這就是我曾經(jīng)最想?yún)⒂^的城鎮(zhèn)。
由于定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)部分的動(dòng)詞visit缺少賓語(yǔ),因此填入的關(guān)系詞要充當(dāng)它的賓語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系代詞which。
2)This is the town where I was born.
這就是我出生的城鎮(zhèn)。
定語(yǔ)從句“I was born”不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),而是缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞where,這里where充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),修飾was born。
3) Literature is the place where the past meets the present to contemplate the future.
在文學(xué)作品里,過(guò)去與現(xiàn)實(shí)交匯,以思考未來(lái)。
這里,先行詞place表示地點(diǎn),而且定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),需要的是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)修飾meets,因而,此處用where來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
4) In fact, there are now so many deer that some are being sent to places which would like to return this kind of deer to the wild.
事實(shí)上,現(xiàn)在鹿群數(shù)量過(guò)多,以至于有些鹿被送到能使其回到野外的一些地方。
這句話中,先行詞places是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,但是由于定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系代詞which來(lái)引導(dǎo),而不使用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
定語(yǔ)從句中where和which以及that的區(qū)別
從句中缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),用where或介詞+which引導(dǎo)。如:
Please put the letter on the desk where /on which he can easily find it.
先行詞是物時(shí),其引導(dǎo)詞可用 which也可用that,通常情況下二者可互換,但在有些情況下不能。
1.用which不用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的三種情況:
、俜窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句用which,不用that引導(dǎo)。如:
Football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.
、谙刃性~為that時(shí),為了避免重 復(fù),定語(yǔ)從句用which不用that引導(dǎo)。如:
That which you borrowed from me wasn't a real diamond necklace.
③介詞后用which不用that引導(dǎo)。如:
The method with which you solved the problem is very good.
2.用that不用which的七種情況:
①先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),用 that不用which引導(dǎo)。如:
This is the best place that I have ever visited.
The second question that is asked is why we don't fall off the earth.
、谙刃性~為little,much,all,none,few,(the)one, something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時(shí),用that引導(dǎo)。如:
There is nothing in the world that can frighten him.
③先行詞既有指人的名詞又有指物的名詞時(shí),用 that引導(dǎo)。如:
He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited.
、芟刃性~前有any,all,no,few,every,some,little, much,(the)very,(the)only,(the)last等詞修飾時(shí),用 that引導(dǎo)。如:
This is the very coat that I need.
Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn?
、菹刃性~為which時(shí),為了避免重復(fù),用that引導(dǎo)。如:
Which is the book that you bought yesterday?
、尴刃性~在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo)。如:
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930's.
、弋(dāng)主句是There be...句型時(shí),用that引導(dǎo)。
There are two tickets for the film that are for you two.
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