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定語從句與強調(diào)句
定語從句與強調(diào)句是什么？相信很多人都想知道吧？以下是小編為您整理的定語從句與強調(diào)句相關(guān)資料，歡迎閱讀！
定語從句與強調(diào)句
首先我們來看下面這道題：
——Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?
——It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
這道題很多考生都會誤選C，認為這是一個強調(diào)句，強調(diào)地點狀語 in the hall。 假若選C，即 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，該句的意思是“學生們通常是在大廳開會”，單獨看這一句，無論是其意思還是其語法都沒有問題，但若將其與上文聯(lián)系起來看，則不通，因為上文的意思是“你是在哪兒找到昨天作報告的.那位教授的?”假若將答句改為 It was in the hall that I found the professor，則完全可以。 因此，此題的最佳答案是A，“......where the students often have a meeting” 為定語從句，用以修飾其前的名詞 the hall，句意為“是在學生們經(jīng)常開會的那個大廳(找到教授的)”，這樣語意就通順了。
在語法題中，我們經(jīng)常會遇到由it引導(dǎo)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，it引導(dǎo)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)可構(gòu)成強調(diào)句或定語從句，考生常把兩者混淆，導(dǎo)致做題錯誤。一般來說，如果將it is/was...與連接詞去掉，句子成分完整仍然正確，就為強調(diào)句型，這時，就選用that連接詞，否則就為定語從句，其關(guān)系詞的選擇，應(yīng)根據(jù)先行詞與從句的關(guān)系而定。
例如：(1) It is on the island that they spent 10 years.
(2) It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years.
(1)句為強調(diào)句，表示地點的名詞the island前有介詞與其連用，說明它是一個完整的地點狀語。如果將it is去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意義仍然完整，故應(yīng)選用連接詞that構(gòu)成強調(diào)句式。(2)句為定語從句，表示地點的名詞the island前沒有介詞與其連用，說明它不是一個完整的地點狀語。如果將it is去掉：They spent 10 years the island.它的意義不完整，故應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞where或on which 構(gòu)成定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)。
還有這樣一道題：
It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which
C. which, which D. that, where
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選，主要是分不清為強調(diào)句型，或即使分清為強調(diào)句型，也分不清強調(diào)哪一個成分。
【分析】答案選A，第一空填 which，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句；第二空填that，為強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，被強調(diào)部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語從句 which was built with stones by his father)。此題難就難在強調(diào)句型中套用了定語從句。請再看類似例子：
(1) It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
此題答案選C，全句為強調(diào)句，被強調(diào)成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語從句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that
C. where, that D. which, that
此題答案選C，全句為強調(diào)句，被強調(diào)成分是 in this room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語從句。
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