定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞
關(guān)系副詞，兼有副詞與連接詞兩種作用，在不及物動(dòng)詞的連接中要求用關(guān)系副詞。下面是小編帶來的定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞，希望對(duì)你有幫助。
定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞有三個(gè)：
when, where和why，它們?cè)诙ㄕZ從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語。
其句法結(jié)構(gòu)如下：
1. when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。
例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.
2. where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。
例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
關(guān)系副詞“when”、“where”既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.
He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.
I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.
Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.
有時(shí)關(guān)系副詞“when”、“where”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句和先行詞有間隔的現(xiàn)象，是為了平衡句子的語法需要。
Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?
The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.
3. why只用于reason之后的限制性定語從句中,在定語從句中作原因狀語。
例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在現(xiàn)代英語中why可以省略)
上句也可以這樣表示：
That is the reason I did the job.
又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature.
關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中的用法看似簡(jiǎn)單，以下注意點(diǎn)不可忽視：
1）“when”、“where”和“why”的運(yùn)用取就于表時(shí)間的名詞、表地點(diǎn)的名詞和表原因的名詞reason在定語從句中所作的成分，比較下面的幾組句子：
*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.
*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.
**This is the hospital where my mother works.
**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.
***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.
***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .
2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替換成“介詞 + which”，介詞的選用取就于先行詞和定語從句中的動(dòng)詞。例如：
Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)
This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)
Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why)
英語中的關(guān)系副詞由：where,when和 why。這三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞很多情況下，都可以用介詞+關(guān)系代詞來替換。
where=in /at /to+which;
when=in /on /at+which;
why=for +which.
有時(shí)定語從句中介詞短語和動(dòng)詞有意義緊密的修飾關(guān)系，尤其在非限制性定語從句中，常使用“介詞 + which”結(jié)構(gòu)，而不使用關(guān)系副詞。例如：
My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.
At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.
3) “that”可活用為關(guān)系副詞，相當(dāng)于“when, where、why”和“介詞 + which”結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其在“the time when”等結(jié)構(gòu)中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。
I may leave here any time I want to.
During the time I was there I visited him twice.
This is my second time I have come to your country.
1.It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，指物，亦可指地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where，選D。
2. I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
答案 B
3 .After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.A.that B.what C.which D.where
答案 D
解析 本題考查定語從句關(guān)系詞的確定。英語中，point/situation/case等作先行詞，其后的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where（相當(dāng)于in which）。該定語從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，因此用where。
4.Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
答案 D
5.Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A.who B.which C.why D.when
答案 D
關(guān)系副詞用法
關(guān)系副詞兼有副詞與連接詞兩種作用，在不及物動(dòng)詞的連接中要求用關(guān)系副詞。
關(guān)系副詞所引導(dǎo)的形容詞子句用于修飾主要子句中的某一名詞或代名詞，被修飾的詞稱作先行詞，關(guān)系副詞要放在先行詞之后。
例如：關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中用作狀語，表示時(shí)間，用以修飾表示時(shí)間的先行詞。
關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)，即when，where，why。此外that也可代替關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)代詞句子。
關(guān)系副詞=preposition(介詞)+relative pronoun(關(guān)系代詞)
例如：where=in which，when=on which，why=for which
這些關(guān)系副詞在從句中做狀語。
Would you please tell me the way to the zoo? 你能告訴我去動(dòng)物園的路嗎?
the way是先行詞。
This is the place where(that) I first met her. 這是我第一次見到她的地方。
在口語中that可以充當(dāng)關(guān)系副詞，代替when，why，how，只有先行詞是the place時(shí)，才可代替where。
A:When should we start to work?
B:The sooner (we start)，the better (it will be). 我們應(yīng)該什么時(shí)候開始工作? 越早越好。
the作關(guān)系副詞是引導(dǎo)副詞子句，句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：The+比較級(jí)...+the+比較級(jí)...，第一個(gè)the是關(guān)系副詞。
time，day，year，place，house，reason，way等作先行詞時(shí)可以被省略，其后的子句不再是形容詞子句，而變成名詞子句或副詞子句。
中文：這是他出生的地方。
This iswhere he was born.（where he was born是名詞子句。）
This is the placewhere he was born.（where he was born是形容詞子句。）
中文：我將在第一次見到她的`地方見她。
I'll meet her at the placewhere I first met her.（where I first met her是形容詞子句。）
I'll meet herwhere I first met her.（where I first met her是副詞子句。）
關(guān)系副詞有限定用法，指的是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的形容詞子句只修飾先行詞。
We were very happy in those dayswhen we studied in school.我們?cè)趯W(xué)校里上學(xué)的那些日子里很快樂。
關(guān)系副詞有補(bǔ)述用法，即關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的是對(duì)等子句而不是形容詞子句，主要用于對(duì)主要子句中的不足之處加以補(bǔ)充，前面都要加逗點(diǎn)與主要子句分開。
Tom got married the day before yesterday，when it was his birthday too.湯姆前天結(jié)婚了，那天也是他的生日。
wherever，whenever，however是復(fù)合關(guān)系副詞，表示"不論"，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)修飾主要子句里的動(dòng)詞的副詞子句，可加強(qiáng)語氣或表示讓步。
【參見關(guān)系形容詞】
Wherever he goes，he would bring an umbrella with him. 不論他去那里，他都帶著一把雨傘。
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