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英語中應(yīng)該怎么表達(dá)未實(shí)現(xiàn)的安排和意圖

時間:2021-07-13 13:41:34 英語 我要投稿

英語中應(yīng)該怎么表達(dá)未實(shí)現(xiàn)的安排和意圖

  英語中有多種結(jié)構(gòu)可用來表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖、安排和希望,現(xiàn)歸綱如下:

英語中應(yīng)該怎么表達(dá)未實(shí)現(xiàn)的安排和意圖

  一 . 用“ Was / Were going to + 動詞原形”表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖或打算。例如:

  1. I was going to see you last night, but the heavy rain prevented me.

  昨晚我本來要來看你,但一場大雨使我來不了了。

  2. I was going to finish my article yesterday evening, but my friend arrived, so I did not have time.

  昨晚我本來打算寫完我的文章,但我的朋友來了,所以我沒時間寫完。

  二 . 用“ Was / Were to + 動詞不定式完成式”表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的安排。例如:

  1. He was to have given the first talk, but he came late.

  他本來要第一個發(fā)言,但他來晚了。

  2. The plain was to have taken off at six, but something went wrong.

  飛機(jī)本來在六點(diǎn)鐘起飛,但出了故障。

  三 . 用 think, expect, suppose, hope believe 等動詞的過去完成時,后接賓語從句表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望等。例如:

  1. Peter had thought the plain would have taken off by the time he arrived at the airport.

  彼得原以為在他到達(dá)機(jī)場時飛機(jī)可能已經(jīng)起飛了。

  2. They had hoped that they would be able to see more of Beijing, but time didn’t permit.

  他們本來希望在北京多看些地方,但時間不允許。

  四 . 用 intend, want, plan, hope, expect 等動詞的一般過去時,后接不定式的.完成式;或用這些動詞的過去完成式,后接不定式一般式來表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖,打算或希望等。例如:

  1. I had intended / wanted / planned / expected to see you off at the airport but got there too late. = I intended / wanted / planned / expected to have seen you off, but I got there too late.

  我本來要到機(jī)場送你,但到達(dá)那里已太遲了。

  五 . 用“情態(tài)動詞 + 不定式完成式”結(jié)構(gòu)表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖,打算或希望。

  1. “ should / ought to have done ”表示過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上沒有做到,其否定形式則表示過去不該做而實(shí)際上做了的動作(含有責(zé)備意味)。例如:

 。 1 ) You should / ought to have come here ten minutes ago.

  你本應(yīng)該十分鐘以前就到這里來。

 。 2 ) You shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have told him about it.

  你本不該把這件事告訴他。

  2. “ could have done ”表示過去可能發(fā)生但事實(shí)上未發(fā)生的動作。例如:

 。 1 ) He could have turned to her for help.

  他本來可以向她求助的。

 。 2 ) Of course, she could have married him.

  當(dāng)然,她本來可以嫁給他的。

  3. “ would have done ”表示過去想實(shí)現(xiàn)但實(shí)際上未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或要求。例如:

 。 1 ) The potatoes would have been better with a bit more salt.

  這些土豆要是多加點(diǎn)鹽就好吃了。

  ( 2 ) I would have come to say good-bye to you.

  我本想來向你告別的。

  4. “ should like to / would like to / would love to have done ”表示過去希望做但未做到的事。例如:

 。 1 ) We’d like to have gone to see the film, but we had no time.

  我們本來想去看那部電影,但沒時間。

  ( 2 ) We would love to have gone to the match, but the tickets were sold out.

  5. “ had better + have done ”表示“最好……”。

  “ would rather + have done ”表示“但愿 / 寧愿……”。例如:

 。 1 ) We had better have bought the book that day.

  要是我們那天買了那本書就好了。(可惜沒買)

 。 2 ) I would rather have gone to the cinema.

  昨晚我寧愿去看電影。(實(shí)際沒去)

  六 . “ with + 賓語從句”常用來表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的或者不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,常譯為“可惜……”,“……就好了”,“但愿……”等。

  1. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的愿望。賓語從句中用過去時。例如:

  I wish I were always young.

  我希望我永遠(yuǎn)年輕。

  I wish I knwe how to ride a bicycle.

  要是我會騎自行車就好了。

  2. 表示與過去事實(shí)相反,未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。賓語從句中用過去完成時。

  I wish I had taken his advice.

  我要是接受了他的忠告就好了。

  I wish you hadn’t accepted the job.

  我真希望你沒有接受這項(xiàng)工作。

  3. 表示與將來事實(shí)可能相反,不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。賓語從句中用過去將來時。

  He wishes you would have the change to see it with your own eyes.

  他希望你能夠有機(jī)會親眼看一下。

  I wish it would be true.

  但愿這是真的。

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