小學(xué)英語必背基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)歸納
小學(xué)英語是很簡單的，因?yàn)閷?duì)語法的要求很低，這個(gè)階段以聽課為主，只要將課堂上的知識(shí)掌握好就足夠了。下面是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的小學(xué)英語必背基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，希望對(duì)大家有用!
小學(xué)英語知識(shí)歸納
句型專項(xiàng)歸類
1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：
I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 ―not‖。有動(dòng)詞be的句子則―not‖加在be后面，可縮寫成―isn’t，aren’t‖，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上―not‖，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如―don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來選擇，其中―does‖只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而―did‖只用于一般過去時(shí)，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用―did‖ 。
3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實(shí)的句子，此類句子必須用―yes‖，或―no‖來回答。
如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用
―yes 、no‖來回答。如：
What is this? It’s a computer.
What does he do? He’s a doctor.
小學(xué)英語知識(shí)總結(jié)
動(dòng)詞過去式詳解 動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：
A、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
�、� 一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned ,
visited
�、� 以e結(jié)尾的'動(dòng)詞直接加d：如 lived , danced , used
③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如
study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)
�、� 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 stopped
B、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過去式：
sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
小學(xué)英語知識(shí)要點(diǎn)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用于：
1 、表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，即多次動(dòng)作的總和。
e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month.
How many times have you read the novel?
For many days we haven`t seen each other.
2 、表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的某一已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
e.g. The delegation has left 代表團(tuán)已經(jīng)走了(說明現(xiàn)在不在這里) Look, what you have done. 看你干的事。
與這一時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：
already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短語，連詞 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。 一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：
一般過去時(shí)：重在說明動(dòng)作在過去發(fā)生時(shí)的具體情況(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、對(duì)象、細(xì)節(jié)等)。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：只提起已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(事實(shí))及其影響，不說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的具體情況。
cf. Have you had your lunch?
What did you have for lunch?
I have ever been to the Great Wall,_and_I went there last summer with my father.
注：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)的動(dòng)作常具有反復(fù)性，故下面一句是錯(cuò)的：
Have you seen the six thirty`s news program?
應(yīng)改為：
Did you see the six thirty`s news program?
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