高中英語(yǔ)必備的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
高中英語(yǔ)比初中英語(yǔ)涉及方面更廣，但課堂的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間也就是那么點(diǎn)，想要學(xué)好，課后要主動(dòng)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的知識(shí)內(nèi)容，不斷積累知識(shí)點(diǎn)。下面是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望對(duì)大家有用!
高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)重點(diǎn)
一、過去分詞作表語(yǔ)
1.用作表語(yǔ)的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。
2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過去分詞動(dòng)詞意味很強(qiáng),句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by短語(yǔ)。
�、� The glass is broken.
The glass was broken by Tom.
② The windows are closed.
The windows are closed by Jack.
3.表示“感覺流露”的一些過去分詞(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過去分詞(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表語(yǔ),表示狀態(tài).其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無(wú)被動(dòng)意味。
�、� How did the audience receive the new play?
They got very excited.
② How did Bob do in the exams this time?
Well, his father seems pleased with his results.
�、� She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
二、過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)
1. 從時(shí)間上：表動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。
come, go, fall, change(表位移,變化的不及物動(dòng)詞)
I found the countryside changed a lot.
2. 從語(yǔ)態(tài)上:表被動(dòng).
I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.
使用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況
1.表“希望，要求”的動(dòng)詞： want, wish, expect, wish, like, order+ object + (to be) done
I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.
Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.
2.表“感覺，心理狀態(tài)”的動(dòng)詞：see, hear, feel, watch, notice, find, think+ object + p.p.
We saw the thief caught by the police.
People found the water polluted.
3.使役動(dòng)詞
make, get, have, keep
I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.
= I want to get the barber to cut my hair.
= I want to let the barber cut my hair.
4.在with以及without結(jié)構(gòu)中做賓補(bǔ)：with, without + n. + p.p.
Do you know the man with his hands tied back?
They left without a dish touched.
三、過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)
過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)，大多說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情景，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，這一結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是主句的主語(yǔ)。
a、表示時(shí)間
Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.
(=When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.)
b、表示條件
Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.
(=If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.)
c、表示原因
Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.
(=As they were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. )
d、表示伴隨情況
She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.
(=She walked out of the house, and was followed by her little daughter. )
e、表示讓步
Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.
(=Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. )
高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
�、俦硎究陀^事實(shí)或普通真理(不受時(shí)態(tài)限制)
The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
Water boils at 100°C.
②表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時(shí)多用系動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞;表示經(jīng)�；蛄�(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，多用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，且常與表頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
Ice feels cold.
We always care for each other and help each other.
③表示知覺、態(tài)度、感情、某種抽象的關(guān)系或概念的詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：
I know what you mean.
Smith owns a car and a house.
All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.
�、茉跁r(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。但要注意由if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示時(shí)態(tài)。
If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并參加我們的舞會(huì)，我的家人會(huì)非常高興。
�、萆贁�(shù)用于表示起止的動(dòng)詞如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。當(dāng)be表示根據(jù)時(shí)間或事先安排，肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
2. 一般過去時(shí)
�、僖话氵^去時(shí)的基本用法：表示過去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示);用于表達(dá)過去的習(xí)慣;表示說(shuō)話人原來(lái)沒有料到、想到或希望的事通常用過去式。如：
I met her in the street yesterday.
I once saw the famous star here.
They never drank wine.
I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn’t.
�、谌绻麖木渲杏幸粋�(gè)過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，盡管從句中的動(dòng)作先于主句發(fā)生，但從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用過去式。如：
He told me he read an interesting novel last night.
�、郾硎緝蓚�(gè)緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常由以下詞語(yǔ)連接，用一般過去時(shí)。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
He bought a watch but lost it.
�、艹Ｓ靡话氵^去時(shí)的句型：
Why didn’t you / I think of that?
I didn’t notice it.
I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
I didn’t recognize him.
高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)總結(jié)
1.a great/good many: a large number of許多。修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有很多事要做。
若復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有限定詞或其修飾的為代詞時(shí)，應(yīng)加of .
�、貯 great many of the books have been sold out. 已經(jīng)賣了很多書了。
�、贏 great many of them are out of work.他們很多人失業(yè)了。
2.able(可以的，有能力的，可能的)①He is an able man.那人本事不小。 enable(v)使„„能
②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我們要多學(xué)知識(shí)以便能面對(duì)各種困難。 disable:有殘疾的'，不能干的;the disabled表示一類人(殘疾人) able作詞輟時(shí)
�、倏梢�„„的，值得„„的(有被動(dòng)含義)
eatable可食用的，measurable可以測(cè)量、估計(jì)的;readable可讀的 ②其他含義：conformable舒適的、安逸的;suitable 合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
3.above, over, on
三個(gè)詞都可以表示“在„„上“，但用法不同。On表示與某物體表面接觸;over表示在某物體垂直的上方，含“布滿、覆蓋、跨越”之意，與under 相對(duì);above表示位置高于，但不一定垂直，與below相對(duì)。注意：與數(shù)字、數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度詞連用時(shí)，多用over,同mor
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