通過進出口貿(mào)易參加國際商務活動，通過許可別人使用商標等資產(chǎn)賺取使用費，有價證券投資是對外間接投資的主要形式，跨國公司在戰(zhàn)后國際商務的發(fā)展中起積極作用，許多國家和地區(qū)工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的巨大增長。
商務英語課后句子翻譯
Englishforinternationalbusiness
Lessonone
Sentences
A.企業(yè)和政府從事國際商務可采用的經(jīng)營方式
Themodesofoperationenterprisesandgovernmentscanusewhenpursuinginternationalbusiness.
B.通過進出口貿(mào)易參加國際商務活動
Getinvolvedininternationalbusinethroughimportingandexporting.
C.作為各國國際性收入主要來源的商品出口
Merchandiseexports,themajorsourceofinternationalrevenueforallcountries.
D.服務進出口是各國日趨重要的國際商務方式
Serviceexportsandimportsareanincreasinglymoreimportantmodeofinternationalbusineforallcountries.
E.旅游業(yè)收入成為美國外匯收入的重要來源
EarningsfromforeigntourismhavebeenanimportantsourceofforeignexchangeearningfortheUnitedStates.
F.給予一家外國經(jīng)銷商銷售產(chǎn)品的許可證
Licenseaforeigndistributortosellone’sproducts.
G.通過許可別人使用商標等資產(chǎn)賺取使用費
Earnroyaltiesfromallowingotherstousetheirtrademarksandotherassets.H.二次大戰(zhàn)后對外直接投資在全世界迅速擴展
Afterthesecondworldwar,foreigndirectinvestmentincreasedrapidlythroughouttheworld.
I.東道國企業(yè)掌握過半數(shù)所有權(quán)的合資企業(yè)
Ajointventureinwhichtheenterprisefromthehostcountryholdsacontrollinginterest.
J.有價證券投資是對外間接投資的主要形式
Portfolioinvestmentisthemainformofforeignindirectinvestment.
K.通過不同手段從事服務進出口的本國企業(yè)
Domesticenterpriseswhichengageinserviceexportsandimportsthroughdifferentmeans.
L.跨國企業(yè)對國外市場和生產(chǎn)采取全球性方法
Multinationalenterprisestakeaglobalapproachtoforeignmarketsandproduction.M.跨國公司在戰(zhàn)后國際商務的發(fā)展中起積極作用
Multinationalcorporationsplayedanessentialroleinthedevelopmentofinternationalbusineinthepostwarera.
N.學術(shù)界對各種方式的國際商務所開展的研究
Researchondifferentmodesofinternationalbusineconductedbyacademiccircles.O.戰(zhàn)后，越來越多國家的企業(yè)和政府參與除進出口貿(mào)易以外的各種方式的國際商務活動
Inthepostwarperiod,increasinglylargenumbersofenterprisesandgovernmentsofdifferentcountrieswereinvolvedindifferentmodesofinternationalbusineinadditiontoexportingandimporting.
P.這個風景優(yōu)美的國家的旅游業(yè)對該國經(jīng)濟增長極為重要，可能在未來的歲月里賺得成倍增長的外匯
Thetouristindustryofthissceniccountry,whichisofcriticalimportancetothecountry’seconomicgrowth,islikelytodoubleandredoubleitsforeignexchangeearningsinthecomingyear.
Q.這家經(jīng)營汽車的跨國公司是從全球角度從事生產(chǎn)和銷售的，近年來已將它在中國的經(jīng)營活動融入其全球性經(jīng)營計劃
Themultinationalcorporationdoingautobusiness,whichundertakesproductionandmarketingonaglobalbasis,hasintegrateditsoperationsinChinaintoitsglobalbusineprograminrecentyears.
R.為了降低成本和擴大外銷，不少發(fā)達國家的跨國企業(yè)將它們的設備和人員與資本一起轉(zhuǎn)移到低成本的發(fā)展中國家
Tnordertoreducecostsandincreaseforeignsales,themultinationalenterprisesofmanydevelopedcountrieshavetransferredtheirequipmentandpersonnelalongwiththeircapitaltolow-costdevelopingcountries.
S.最近，商務部部長指出，我國必須大力增加出口，以換取我國迫切需要的商品和服務，并應積極吸引外國投資，促進我國經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展
Thecommerceministerstatedrecentlythatourcountrymustvigorouslyexpandexportsinexchangeforthemerchandiseandservicesourcountryurgentlyneedsandshouldalsobeactiveinattractingforeigninvestmentfosoastopromotetherapideconomicdevelopmentofourcountry.
Lesson3
Sentence
A.許多國家和地區(qū)工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的巨大增長
Tremendousgrowthinmanycountriesandregions,industrialandagriculturalproduction
B.導致工業(yè)國對食品和原料的需求迅速增長
Resultinginindustrialcountries,therapidlygrowingdemandforfoodandrawmaterials
C.增至十五倍的工業(yè)品進口量
Increasedtofifteentimestheamountofindustrialimports
D.對發(fā)展中國家農(nóng)業(yè)出口產(chǎn)品需求的劇烈增長
Intensegrowthofagriculturalexportsindevelopingcountriesneeds
E.對棉花和天然橡膠等天然原料需求的減少
Cottonandnaturalrubberandothernaturalrawmaterialsneedstoreduce
F.合成代用品生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展及其產(chǎn)量的增加
ThedevelopmentofsyntheticsubstitutesproductionandincreaseinproductionG.有助于發(fā)展中國家的工業(yè)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟增長
Helpdevelopingcountries'industrialdevelopmentandeconomicgrowth
H.國際貿(mào)易對各國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展重要的有益作用
ThebeneficialeffectsoftheeconomicdevelopmentofcountriesininternationaltradeI.有助于欠發(fā)達國家制造業(yè)和制成品生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展
Tohelpledevelopedcountries,manufacturingandfinishedgoodsproductionJ.刺激和促進發(fā)達與發(fā)展中國家間資本的流動
Stimulateandpromotecapitalflowsbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountries
K.新技術(shù)和新的管理技能的傳送手段
Meansoftransmissionofnewtechnologiesandnewmanagementskills
L.從國際貿(mào)易獲得巨大好處的欠發(fā)達國家
Hugebenefitsfrominternationaltradeinledevelopedcountries
M.國際貿(mào)易與長期經(jīng)濟發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系
Therelationshipbetweeninternationaltradeandlong-termeconomicdevelopment
N.以更快的速度從發(fā)達國家吸收先進技術(shù)
Toabsorbadvancedtechnologyfromdevelopedcountriesatafasterrate
O.國際貿(mào)易的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展，促進了各國再生產(chǎn)過程的正常運行和不斷擴大，提高了生產(chǎn)力水平，并促進了生產(chǎn)國際化和資本國際化，其他方面的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。（reproduction再生產(chǎn)，productiveforces生產(chǎn)力，promote促進，contributeto有助于）
Theemergenceanddevelopmentofinternationaltrade,promotethenormaloperationofthenationalproceofreproduction,andcontinuestoexpand,improvelevelofproductiveforces,andtopromotetheinternationalizationofproductionandtheinternationalizationofcapitalandotheraspectsofeconomicdevelopment.
P.凱恩斯及其追隨者著重于出口對就業(yè)和收入的作用，他們認為貿(mào)易順差可以擴大支付手段，壓低利率，刺激物價上漲，增加投資，從而有助于國內(nèi)危機的緩和與就業(yè)的擴大。（focuson專注于，meansofpayment支付手段，alleviation緩和）Keynesandhisfollowersfocusedontheroleofexportsonemploymentandincome,theythinkthatthetradesurpluscanexpandthemeansofpayment,lowinterestratestostimulatetherisingprices,increasedinvestmentandthuscontributetotheeasingofdomesticcrisisandtheexpansionofemployment.
Q.另一些經(jīng)濟學家認為，國際貿(mào)易的興起和發(fā)展，會使商品的市場擴大，從而推動技術(shù)進步和生產(chǎn)過程的改善，促進產(chǎn)量增加，并使投資結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化，從而促進整個國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。（proceofproduction生產(chǎn)過程，spur較高的，nationaleconomy國民經(jīng)濟）
Someeconomistsarguethattheriseanddevelopmentofinternationaltrade,makethecommoditiesmarkettoexpand,soastopromotetechnologicalprogreandtheimprovementoftheproductionprocess,topromoteincreasedproductionandinvestmentchangesinthestructure,thuscontributingtothedevelopmentofthenationaleconomyasawhole.
R.發(fā)展中國家發(fā)展對外貿(mào)易導致外匯收人增加和外國先進技術(shù)的引進，它在彌補這些國家資本短缺、促進它們的技術(shù)進步中起著重要的作用。（bringabout實現(xiàn)，playarolein發(fā)揮作用）
Developmentofforeigntradeindevelopingcountriesledtotheincreaseinforeignexchangeincomeandtheintroductionofforeignadvancedtechnology,itmakeupfortheshortageofcapitalofthesecountriestopromotetheirtechnicalprogreplaysanimportantrole.
S.多年來，在吸收外資的同時，中國全力發(fā)展對外貿(mào)易，大量進口精密的機械設備和尖端技術(shù)，大量出口各種工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品，有力地促進了經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和杜會主義現(xiàn)
代化的實現(xiàn)。（alongwith隨著，sophisticated復雜的，contributeto有助于，achievement成就）
Overtheyears,whileforeigninvestment,China'sefforttodevelopforeigntrade,importlargequantitiesofsophisticatedmachineryandequipmentandcutting-edgetechnology,alargenumberofexportingavarietyofindustrialandagriculturalproducts,topromoteeconomicdevelopmentandsocialmodernization.
與就業(yè)的擴大。
Lesson4
Sentence
A.非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易壁壘對國家經(jīng)營活動的影響
Theimpactofnontariffbarrierstotradeoninternationaloperations
B.求助非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易壁壘以保護期缺乏競爭力的產(chǎn)業(yè)
Resorttonontarifftradebarriersforprotectionofitsuncompetitiveindustries
C.把相當大的注意力放在消除國際貿(mào)易的的障礙上
Devoteconsiderableattentiontotheremovalofbarrierstointernationaltrade.
D.阻礙國際商品和服務的自由流動
Impedethefreeflowofmerchandiseandservicesbetweennations.
E.旨在放寬對進口商品限制的法規(guī)條例
Lawsandregulationsdesignedtorelaxrestrictionsonimports.
F.對來自發(fā)展中國家的某些產(chǎn)品實施進口配額
Imposeimportquotasonsomeproductsfromdevelopingcountries.
G.對生產(chǎn)重要出口商品的廠商給予特惠
Givepreferencetomanufacturersproducingimportantexportcommodities.H.估計每年達200億美元的該國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口銷售額
Theexportsalesofthatcountry’sagriculturalproductsestimatedat$20billionperyear.
I.歧視來自發(fā)展中國家的中、低檔紡織品
Discriminateagainstmedium-andlow-leveltextilesfromdevelopingcountries.J.把某些國家排除在得到優(yōu)惠的國家之外
Excludesomecountriesfromtherankofcountrieswhicharegivenpreference.K.干擾各國間正常的交易和經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系
Interferewiththenormaltransactionsandeconomicandtraderelationsbetweennations.
L.反對美國對來自該亞洲國家的進口貨征收抵消關(guān)稅
ObjecttocountervailingdutiesonimportsfromthatAsiancountryimposedbytheUnitedStates.
M.由減少貿(mào)易潛在利益的進口限制所造成的扭曲
Distortionsarisingfromimportrestrictionswhichreducepotentialgainsfromtrade.N.約略計算外國商品需求曲線的彈性
Aroughcalculationoftheelasticityofthedemandcurveforforeigngoods.
O.非關(guān)稅壁壘是指以進口數(shù)量限制為特點的貿(mào)易保護主義措施，它們被發(fā)達國家和有些發(fā)展中國家用來干擾和阻礙商品和服務在國際間的自由流動
Nontarifftradebarriers,whichrefertotheprotectionistmeasurescharacterizedbyquantitativeimportrestrictions,areusedbydevelopedcountriesandsome
developingcountriestointerferewithandimpedethefreeflowofmerchandiseandservicesbetweennations.
P.70年代中期以來，由于世界性經(jīng)濟危機爆發(fā)，加上國際市場爭奪加劇，因而發(fā)達國家不得不求助于旨在限制進口的非關(guān)稅壁壘，力圖克服困難。
Sincethemid-1970s,asaresultoftheoutbreakoftheglobaleconomiccrises,accompaniedbytheintensificationofcontentionforinternationalmarkets,the
developedcountrieshavebeenforcedtoresorttonontarifftradebarriersdesignedtorestrictimports,inanattempttoovercometheirdifficulties.
Q.非關(guān)稅壁壘同關(guān)稅壁壘一樣，起到限制進口、引起進口過國內(nèi)市場物價上漲的作用，加重了西方發(fā)達國家人民的負擔。
Liketarifftradebarriers,nontarifftradebarriershavetheeffectsofrestrictingimportsandbringingaboutpriceincreasesinthedomesticmarketofanimportingcountry,thusimposingaheavyburdenonthepeopleofwesterndevelopedcountries.R.近年來，美國實施的一些貿(mào)易政策和條例對中國加以歧視，并對中國向美國出口的一些產(chǎn)品實行嚴格限制。
Inrecentyears,sometradepoliciesandregulationscarriedoutbytheUnitedStateshavediscriminatedagainstChinaandimposedsevererestrictionsonsomeofitsexportstotheUnitedStates.
S.今后，美國及其他西方國家仍然很可能對中國的紡織品等勞動密集型產(chǎn)品的出口施加限制，中國對此將堅決反對。
ItislikelythatinthefuturetheUnitedStatesandotherWesterncountrieswillstillimposerestrictionsontheexportsofChina’stextilesandotherlabor-intensiveproducts,towhichChinawillstronglyobject.
Lesson5
Sentence
A.按既定的公司方針開始處理出口訂單
Initiatetheprocessingofanexportorderaccordingtotheestablishedcompanypolicy.
B.仔細查對和記錄出口商所收到的訂單的來源
Acarefulcheckandlogoforiginthattheorderwasreceivedbyexporter.
C.出口商必須充分了解外國顧客的具體要求
Theexportermustunderstandfullywhattheforeigncustomeractuallywants.
D.對進口商的信用進行認真的審查
Conductacarefulcheckontheforeignimporter’scredit
E.得到一份關(guān)于買方信用狀況的信用報告
Obtainacreditreportonthecreditsandingofthebuyer
F.買方與買方就銷售條款和條件進行洽商
Buyerandsellernegotiatethesalestermsandconditions
G.出口合同中說明的買賣上方的義務
Theobligationsofbuyersandsellerstatedintheexportcontract.
H.出口合同中說明的產(chǎn)品、價格、交貨方法等條款
Thetermssuchasproduct,priceandmethodofdeliverystatedintheexportcontract.I.出口貨物在商定的交貨地點合理交付
Reasonablydelivertheexportgoodsatthenegotiatedpointofdelivery.J.出口貨物在商定的發(fā)貨地點準時發(fā)貨
Shipontietheexportgoodsatthenegotiatedpointoshipment.
K.出口貨物的所有權(quán)在交貨地點轉(zhuǎn)移
Titletotheexportgoodsistransferredatthepointofdelivery.
L.取得進口許可證以符合進口國的進口條例
Obtainanimportlicenseinordertoconformtotheimportingcountry’simportregulations.
M.貨物到達目得地后通過海關(guān)對貨物的處理
ProcethegoodsthroughcustomsaftertheyhavearrivedatthepointofdestinationN.完成出口交易所需要的各種單證的獲得
Obtainthedocumentsthatarerequiredtocompletetheexporttransaction
O.為了高效率的將貨物移動到進口國，出口企業(yè)必須履行包含出口交易中一系列活動的三項必不可少的職能
Inordertomoveefficientlythegoodstoimportingcountry,theexportfirmmustperformthreeessentialfunctionsinvolvingaseriesofactivitiesintheexporttransaction.
P.在進行一項出口交易之前，出口商必須或者通過一份國際信用報告審查新顧客的財務和信用狀況，或者復查老顧客的信用狀況和支付記錄
Beforeanexporttransactioniscarriedout,theexportermusteitherconductacheckonthenewcustomer’sfinancialandcreditstandingthroughaninternationalcreditreportorrevisetheoldcustomer’screditstandingandpaymentrecord.
Q.作為出口過程的重要組成部分，進口商和出口商必須就銷售條款和條件、雙方的義務以及銷售合同的其他條款進行洽商
Asanimportantcomponentoftheexportprocess,theexporterandimporternegotiatethesalestermsandconditions,theobligationsofbothparties,andothertermsofthesalescontract.
R.出口商與進口商之間就銷售條款和條件所達成的協(xié)議成為一個有約束力的合同，它經(jīng)過買賣雙方以書面形式確認后就是雙方都能接受的確定的承諾,
Anagreementthattheexporterandimporterhaveenteredintoonsalestermsandconditionsbecomesabindingcontract,whichisafirmcommitmentthatisacceptabletobothbuyerandsellerafteritisconfirmedbybothpartiesinwriting.
S.在整個出口過程中，常常要求進口上去的一份進口許可證，有時還有一份外匯許可證，以符合進口國的進口條例，并使貨物能順利地到達進口商。
Inthewholeexportprocess,theimporterisoftenrequiredtoobtainanimportlicenseandsometimesalsoaforeignexchangepermitinorderthatthegoodsconformtotheimportingcountry’simportregulationsandsmoothlyreachtheimporter.Lesson8
sentence
A.出口公司完成產(chǎn)品向消費或使用地的輸送和裝卸
Theexportingcompanyhasencompassedthemovementandhandlingofproductsoutwardtopointsofconsumptionoruse
B.海洋、航空、鐵路、卡車和內(nèi)河這五種基本運輸方式
Fivebasicmodesoftransportation:ocean,air,rail,truck,andinlandwater
C.運輸方式的選擇取決于費用、時間和安全的全面考慮
Thechoiceofthemodesoftransportationisdeterminedbyacombinationofcost,
timeandsecurity.
D.運費較低的和貨運量大是海洋運輸?shù)膬蓚�基本特點
Relativelylowtransportationcostsandhandlinglargeshipmentsaretwobasiccharacteristicsofoceantransportation.
E.國際貨運中發(fā)展最快和日漸重要的空運
Aretransportwhichisfastestgrowingandincreasinglyimportantininternationalfreighttransportation
F.在美國出口貿(mào)易中占較小份額的鐵路和卡車運輸
RailandtruckshipmentswhichconstitutearelativelysmallportionoftheexporttradeoftheUnitedStates.
G.在一些歐洲國家間裝運巨量貨物的內(nèi)河運輸
InlandwatertransportationwhichcarrieslargequantitiesofgoodsamongsomecountriesinEurope.
H.由熟悉運輸條件的出口商最終選擇貨運的確切
Theexactfreighttransportationrouteisfinallyselectedbytheexporterfullyacquaintedwithshippingconditions
I.保護貨物在運往國外過程中所遭受的滅失或損壞
Protectgoodsfromloordamagetothenduringtheirphysicalmovementfromsellertobuyer
J.賠償貨物在運往國外過程中所遭受的滅失或損壞
Reimbursetheownerofgoodsbeingtransportedtooverseasmarketsforanylossesordamagesincurred
K.因貨物安全到達而受益或因貨物滅失、損壞或滯留而受損
Benefitfromthesafearrivalofthecargoorgetinjuredbyitsloss,damage,ordetention
L.該出口企業(yè)保持一家可靠的海上保險公司的預訂保險單
Theexportingfirmmaintainsanopenpolicywithareliablemarineinsurancecompany
M.該航空公司對有些裝運的貨物提供優(yōu)先的保險范圍
Theairlineprovidesalimitedamountofinsurancecoverageonshipmentsofsomegoods
N.出口商按到岸價格向買主報價時必須提供海上保險
TheexportermustfurnishmarineinsurancewhenhequotesaCIFpricetoabuyer
O.鐵路運輸在出口貿(mào)易中載運量大，運輸速度快，不易受季節(jié)、氣候條件的影響，可常年地、定期地、有規(guī)律和準確地進行。
Inexporttrade,railroadtransportationwhichischaracterizedbylargeshipmentsandhighspeedoftransportationandisnotsubjecttoseasonalchangesandclimaticconditions,canbeundertakenregularly,systematically,accuratelyandthroughouttheyear.
P.航空運輸能保證體積孝重量輕、價值高和時間性強的貨物迅速、準時到達目的地，它在國際貿(mào)易運輸中所占的比重不斷上升。
Airtransportation,whichensuresthequickandpunctualarrivalatadestinationofgoodsofsmallsize,lightweightandhighvalueaswellasthoseoftimeliness,has
accountedforanincreasingshareinthetransportationininternationaltrade.
R.在外貿(mào)運輸過程中，因運輸工具發(fā)生意外事故而使貨物遭受全損或部分損失，保險人應負責賠償。
Theinsuranceisobligatedtocompensateforatotalloorpartialloordamagetogoodsincurredinanaccidenttothecarrierintheproceoftransportationininternationaltrade.
S.國際航空運輸中被保險貨物由市價跌落、運輸遲延所造成的損失或費用，保險人不負責賠償。
Theinsurerisnotobligatedtocompensateforanylossesorcostsaccountedforbydecreasesinthepricesanddelaysinthetransportationofgoodsinsuredintheproceofinternationalairtransportation.
T.這家出口公司熟悉運輸和保險事務的部門經(jīng)理，在接受國外訂貨后，負責安排出口貨物的運輸和保險。
Thedepartmentalmanagerofanexportingfirm,whoisacquaintedwithshippingandinsurancematters,arrangesforshippingandinsuranceofexportgoodsafterreceivinganorderforgoodsfromabroad.
Lesson9
Sentence
A.符合國際貿(mào)易支付業(yè)務的要求和政府管制出口的法規(guī)
Meetrequirementsforinternationalcommercialpaymenttransactionsandgovernmentregulationscontrollingexporting
B.每次出口發(fā)貨所需的各種單證和涉及的當事人
Variousdocumentsrequiredforeachexportshipmentandthepartiesinvolvedinit
C.單證不齊或制作不當導致延遲的發(fā)貨
Incompleteorimproperlyprepareddocumentsleadtodelaysinshipment
D.由某些單證的差錯所引起的罰款和沒收貨物
FinesandconfiscationofgoodsresultingfromerrorsinsomedocumentsE.向國外發(fā)貨需要在出口港提交的出口申報單
Anexportdeclarationpresentedattheportofexitwhichisrequiredfortheshipmentofgoodsabroad
F.出口貨物的目的地、詳細名稱以及申報價值
Thedestinationofexportgoods,afulldescriptionofthemandtheirdeclaredvalueG.商業(yè)發(fā)票上所標明的貨物商標和包裝數(shù)量
Thetrademarkandthenumberofpackagesofthemerchandiseshownonthecommercialinvoice
H.清楚說明的貨物單價和裝運的貨物總價
ThespecifiedpriceperunitofthemerchandiseandthetotalpriceoftheshipmentI.商業(yè)發(fā)票所標明的報價的性質(zhì)的付款條件
Thenatureofthepricequotationandthetermofpaymentshownonthecommercialinvoice
J.用以收集有關(guān)出口貨物統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的出口申報單
Anexportdeclarationusedtocollectstatisticaldataonexports
K.進口商所在國的政府代表向出口商簽發(fā)的領(lǐng)事發(fā)票
Aconsularinvoicemadeouttotheexporterbythegovernmentrepresentativeof
theimporter’scountry
L.裝箱單逐項記載的裝運貨物中的貨箱或集裝箱內(nèi)容onthepackinglistThecontentsofcasesorcontainersinashipmentsated,itembyitem,M.為證明貨物原產(chǎn)地而由某一機構(gòu)簽發(fā)的單證
Documentscertifyingtheplaceoforiginofthemerchandiseissuedbyacertainagency
N.應進口商的要求而有不同機構(gòu)簽發(fā)的各種特別檢驗證書
Variousspecialinspectioncertificatesissuedbydifferentauthoritiesattherequestoftheimporter
O.在出口交易中，要求出口企業(yè)遞交由它自己和其他單位或政府部門簽發(fā)的各類單證，這是履行出口合同的一部分
Inexporttransactions,theexportfirmisrequiredtopresentvariousdocumentsissuedbyitselfandotherunitsorgovernmentagencies,whichrepresentsthepartialfulfillmentofexportcontractualobligations
P.商業(yè)發(fā)票是出口商向進口商開立的、憑以向進口商收款的發(fā)貨清單，它是買賣雙方交接貨物和結(jié)算貨款的主要單據(jù)
Acommercialinvoice,whichisalistofdeliverysenttotheimporterbytheexporterandwithwhichthelatterreceivespaymentfromtheformer,isthemajordocumentforthedeliveryofgoodsandclearanceofaccountsbetweenthesellerandthebuyer.
Q.海運提單是有船長或承運人的代理所簽發(fā)，證明收到指定的貨物，并保證將貨物運至指定的目的地交付收貨人的單證
Anoceanbilloflading,adocumentissuedbythecaptainoranagentofthe
carrier,certifiesthereceiptofthespecifiedgoodsandensurestheshipmentofthemtothenameddestinationandthedeliveryofthemtotheconsignee.
R.特別檢驗證書是商檢機構(gòu)對進出口貨物包裝容器或運輸工具進行指定項目的檢驗、鑒定后出具的證明書
Specialinspectioncertificatesarethoseissuedbythecommodityinspectionagencyafteritsinspectionandidentificationofthecontentofcontainersormeansoftransportintheshipmentofimportandexportgoods.
S.原產(chǎn)地證明書的目的在于證明貨物原產(chǎn)地或制造地，它通常是進口過海關(guān)對進口貨物采取不同的國別政策和關(guān)稅待遇的依據(jù)。
Theadoptionbythecustomsoftheimportingcountryofdifferentpoliciestowardanddifferentkindsoftarifftreatmentforimportsfromdifferentcountriesisbasedoncertificateoforigin,whichisdesignedtocertifytheplaceoforiginorproductionofthemerchandise.
Lesson10
Sentence
A.國際商業(yè)付款方式的選擇，除了取決于交易對方的信用狀況外，還取決于資金負擔、市場情況以及費用和手續(xù)等狀況
Apartfromthecreditstandingofyourtradepartner,thechoiceofcommercialpaymentisalsodeterminedbycapitalburden,marketconditionaswellasexpensesandformality.
B.對于出口商來說，信用證使出了預付貨款以外最有利的付款方式，他通常只要在出口的將合格單據(jù)提交指定銀行就可收款
Fromexporter’sposition,letterofcreditisthemostbeneficialtermsofpaymentforhimexceptforcashinadvancesincehecanreceivethepaymentonlyprovidedhepresenttheproperdocumentstothenamedbank.
C.開立信用證后，若賣方提交合適單據(jù)，買房就必須付款，但由于賣方有時不能遵守合同條款，因此買方需承擔買房的信用風險
WiththeissuanceofL/C,thebuyermustpayifthesellerpresentstheproperdocuments.Therefore,thebuyerhastoassumetheseller’screditriskduetotheseller’sfailuretocomplywiththetermsinthecontractsometimes.
D.匯票是出口商開出的、命令作為受票人的進口商立即或在一定期限內(nèi)無條件的支付一定金額給指定收款人的單證
Billofexchangeisaninstrumentdrawnbytheexporteronimporterasthedraweeandorderingtheimportertopay,unconditionallyatsightorwithinafixedperiodoftime,thestatedamounttothenamedpayee.
E.預付貨款的方式對出口商最為有利，因為收到貨款后在備貨出運，幾乎可以不承擔買方的信用風險，預收貨款無需投入資金就可完成交易。
Cashinadvanceisthemostbeneficialtoexporterashealmostassumesnocreditriskfromthebuyerbecauseofshipmentafterthereceiptofpaymentandalsocancompletethetransactionwithoutinvestmentinhisowncapital.
商務英語閱讀教程3unit4課后句子翻譯
Unit4
TEXTA
1ISO9000是全國各地小公司到政府部門等所有組織都感興趣的第一個質(zhì)量管理體系標準
2ISO9000等系列質(zhì)量管理體系標準被普遍接受，它像一本通行證一樣，是公司在顧客考慮購買其產(chǎn)品和服務之前必須出具的最低限度證明
3歐盟生態(tài)標簽特別能夠幫助公司打入其他成員國市場，尤其是綠色環(huán)保采購政策占主導地位的政府采購領(lǐng)域。