職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年真題綜合A閱讀判斷精選
在學(xué)習(xí)和工作的日常里，我們經(jīng)常跟試題打交道，借助試題可以更好地對(duì)被考核者的知識(shí)才能進(jìn)行考察測(cè)驗(yàn)。一份好的試題都是什么樣子的呢？以下是小編幫大家整理的職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年真題綜合A閱讀判斷精選，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年真題綜合A閱讀判斷 1
Cities "Worse to Live in than 20 Years Ago"
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities, and the remarkable findings show that life in todays mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems. For many people, the daily commute (通勤) to work is a source of frustration. 40% of the people in the survey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work. The cost of public transport is also a serious problem. Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem. The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers. Many young people are priced out of the housing market, and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet, or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre. In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime. Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities, and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city. Fear of crime is on the increase--street crimes, such as mugging and assault, are now very common--and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children. Most major conurbations (有衛(wèi)星城的大都市) surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago. Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets, office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces. Many of the respondent in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated (窒息) in the city, a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally, the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution—the roar of traffic, the sound of loud music blaring (發(fā)刺耳聲) out of a neighbors window, and the constant sound of activity. It is not surprising, then, that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live fame and fortune, are now less and less popular among people of all ages. Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the cotmtryside.
16. Most people in the survey who live in big cities would like to move somewhere smaller.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. Many people in the survey think public transport is reasonably priced.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. It is difficult to buy a flat in London because of the cost.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The crime rate has remained stable in recent years.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. There are fewer green areas in cities than there used to be.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. London has had some success in reducing pollution.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. Noise pollution is seen as a big problem by most people in the survey.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案與解析
16.A。題干：很多居住在大城市的被訪者都愿意搬到小一點(diǎn)的地方居住。根據(jù)第一段中的
“at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town”可知題干符合原文含義。故本題選A。要注意題干與原文的同義改寫(xiě)，比如本題中就出現(xiàn)most與two-thirds的同義替換。
17.B。題干：許多被訪者都認(rèn)為公交系統(tǒng)定價(jià)合理。根據(jù)第二段末句的“Many people think the price ofunderground and bus travel is too high”可知，很多人認(rèn)為地鐵和公交的收費(fèi)過(guò)高。題干與原文意思相悖，故本題選B。
18.A。題干：因?yàn)榉績(jī)r(jià)太高，在倫敦很難買(mǎi)到公寓。第三段最后一句表明，在倫敦，一居室的公寓是如此昂貴，以至于很多人都放棄了存買(mǎi)房的定金，因此可判斷題干與原文含義相同。故本題選A。
19.B。題干：近年的犯罪率保持穩(wěn)定。第四段第一句表明，城市居民面臨的另一個(gè)問(wèn)題是越來(lái)越高的`犯罪率。由此可知，題干所述與原文信息不一致，所以該題答案為B。
20.A。題干：城市里的綠化面積比過(guò)去少了。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，大多數(shù)被調(diào)查的都市中的公園和花園遠(yuǎn)比上一代少。由此可知，題干所述與原文信息一致，所以該題答案為A。
21.C。題干：倫敦在減少污染方面有些經(jīng)驗(yàn)。全文通篇沒(méi)有講到倫敦在減少污染方面的成功案例。閱讀判斷中往往會(huì)有1～2個(gè)題的答案為“未提及”。
22.A。題干：大多數(shù)受訪者都認(rèn)為噪音污染是城市的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“the majority ofpeople in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution”可知，在調(diào)查中，很多人受夠了沒(méi)完沒(méi)了的噪音污染。由此可知，很多被訪者都認(rèn)為噪音污染是個(gè)大問(wèn)題。
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年真題綜合A閱讀判斷 2
"wanna buy a body?" that was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from self-employed photographers when! was a photo editor at U.S. News. Like many in the mainstream press, I wanted to separate the world of photographers into "them", who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana, and "us", the serious news people.
But after 16 years in that role, I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable. Working in the reputable world of journalism, I told photographers to cover other peoples difficult life situations. I justified marching into moments of sadness, under the appearance of the readers right to know. I worked with professionals talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines. And I wasnt alone.
In any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuries. But you are likely to see local newspaper and television photographers on the scene -- and fast...
How can we justify doing this? Journalists are taught to separate, doing the job from worrying about the consequences of publishing what they record. Repeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business saying: Leave your conscience in the office. A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead. Your job is to record the image (圖像). Youre a photographer, not an emergency medical worker. You put away your feelings and document the scene.
But catastrophic events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editors. In the first minutes and hours after a disaster occurs, photo agencies buy pictures. They rush to obtain the fights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subject. Often, an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and put it up for bid by major magazines. The most sought-after specialshttps://p.9136.com/1cmand tens of thousands of dollars through bidding contests.
I worked on all those stories and many like them. When they happen, you move quickly: buying, dealing, trying to beat the agencies to the pictures.
Now, many people believe journalists are the hypocrites (偽君子) who need to be brought down, and its our pictures that most anger others. Readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between clear-minded "us" and mean-spirited "them". In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right.
題目及答案：
The writer never got an offer for a photograph of a dead person.
答案：b。題干：作者從未接到主動(dòng)提供的 “死者” 照片。文章首句 “wanna buy a body” 就是主動(dòng)提供死者照片的表達(dá)方式，body 在這里意思是 “尸體”，因此題干與原文不一致。
The writer was a photographer sixteen years ago.
答案：b。題干：作者 16 年前是一名攝影師。文章提到作者在那個(gè)職位上工作了 16 年，但不能明確 16 年前作者就是攝影師。
The writer believes that shooting peoples nightmares is justifiable.
答案：c。題干：作者認(rèn)為拍攝人們的'噩夢(mèng)是合理的。原文只是在探討新聞工作者的行為和職業(yè)準(zhǔn)則，并沒(méi)有明確表明作者對(duì)拍攝人們噩夢(mèng)這一行為的看法。
Newspaper photographers are usually a problem for rescue workers at an accident.
答案：b。題干：新聞攝影師在事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)通常會(huì)給救援人員帶來(lái)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)原文，在任何美國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)，當(dāng)發(fā)生車(chē)禍或其他可怕事件時(shí)，很少看到攝影師推開(kāi)救援人員去拍攝血跡和傷者，而是當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙和電視臺(tái)的攝影師會(huì)迅速到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
Journalists arent supposed to think about whether they are doing the right thing.
答案：a。題干：新聞工作者不應(yīng)該思考他們是否在做正確的事情。文中提到新聞工作者被教導(dǎo)要將工作與擔(dān)心發(fā)布所記錄內(nèi)容的后果分開(kāi)，要把良心留在辦公室。
Editors sometimes have to pay a lot of money for exclusive pictures.
答案：a。題干：編輯有時(shí)不得不為獨(dú)家照片支付大量資金。原文提到圖片代理機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)照片并通過(guò)主要雜志進(jìn)行競(jìng)價(jià)，一些熱門(mén)特別的照片會(huì)通過(guò)競(jìng)價(jià)比賽獲得數(shù)萬(wàn)美元。
Many people say that they are annoyed by the US news pictures.
答案：a。題干：許多人說(shuō)他們對(duì)美國(guó)新聞圖片感到惱火。文中提到許多人認(rèn)為新聞工作者是需要被打倒的偽君子，是新聞工作者的圖片讓其他人最為憤怒。
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年真題綜合A閱讀判斷 3
Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc (集團(tuán)) and Sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately revitalized (給以新的活力) by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure.
The passage then presents the following seven sentences for judgment:
East Asia has always been a major winner in trade globalization. （a）
The Soviet Union was not affected by free market forces before. （b）
All African countries are at a disadvantage in trade. （b）
Chinas economic reform contributed to East Asias success. （a）
The former Soviet bloc countries lack a trading tradition. （c）
Adequate infrastructure is crucial for a countrys trade success. （a）
Sub-Saharan Africa has sufficient infrastructure. （b）
具體解析如下：
文章提到東亞有悠久的貿(mào)易傳統(tǒng)，且近來(lái)因中國(guó)采用市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)而重獲活力，但不能就此說(shuō)東亞 “一直” 是貿(mào)易全球化的主要贏家，表述過(guò)于絕對(duì)，信息文中沒(méi)有提及，應(yīng)選（c）。
文中明確指出蘇聯(lián)超過(guò) 70 年免受自由市場(chǎng)力量的影響，該句提供的是正確信息，應(yīng)選（a）。
文中只是說(shuō)非洲一些國(guó)家因基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足而處于不利地位，并非所有非洲國(guó)家，該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，應(yīng)選（b）。
文中表明東亞的成功得益于中國(guó)采用市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，即中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革，該句提供的是正確信息，應(yīng)選（a）。
文章并未提及前蘇聯(lián)集團(tuán)國(guó)家是否缺乏貿(mào)易傳統(tǒng)，該句信息文中沒(méi)有提及，應(yīng)選（c）。
文中提到非洲一些國(guó)家正因基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足而處于不利地位，可推斷出充足的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施對(duì)國(guó)家貿(mào)易成功很關(guān)鍵，該句提供的`是正確信息，應(yīng)選（a）。
文中說(shuō)非洲一些國(guó)家基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足，而不是撒哈拉以南非洲有充足的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，應(yīng)選（b）。
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