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2017年職稱英語試題衛(wèi)生A類模擬題
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第6部分：完形填空(第51——65題，每題l分，共l5分)
下面的短文有l(wèi)5處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定l個最佳選項。
Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowed (結(jié)腸) Cancer
People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less 51 20 grams a day, according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out.
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478,040 men and women 52 35 to 70 from 10 European countries.
All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998, but 53 an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1,329 bowel cancers had been reported.
The subsequent analysis, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, confirms the long-held suspicion 54 high intakes (納入量) of red meat are associated with increased bowel 55 risk.
After taking into consideration factors like age, sex, height, weight, energy intake physical activity,smoking, and alcohol consumption, the investigators found that bowel cancer was 56 with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken.
Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated 57 a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a 58
Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher' risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish 59 . In addition, the risk of developing the disease was increased for 60 people who ate a low fibre diet.
Sheila Bingham, study investigator at the UK's Medical Research Council nutrition unit, said:
"People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat 61 risk of bowel cancer, but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a 62 relationship."
She added in a statement: 'the overall picture is very consistent for red and processed meat and fibre across all the 63 populations studied."
Study coordinator, Elio Riboli, of the World Health Organisation International Agency for Research into Cancer, said: "Other risk factors for 64 cancer include obesity (肥胖) and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a 65. These factors were all taken into account in the analysis.
51. A. from
B. than
C. between
D. among
52. A. aging
B. years
C. aged
D. ranging
53. A. before
B. after
C. since
D. when
54. A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. why
55. A. illness
B. cancer
C. problem
D. death
56. A. presented
B. selected
C. contrasted
D. associated
57. A with
B. into
C. for
D. against
58. A. month
B. year
C. day
D. week
59. A. habit
B. experience
C. harvest
D. intake
60. A. these
B. much
C. those
D. that
61. A. increase
B. lower
C. meet
D. show
62. A. strong
B. poor
C. weak
D. casual
63. A. Asian,
B. American
C. European
D. African
64. A. new
B. organ
C. fatal
D. bowel
65. A. factor
B. role
C. risk
D. chance
51.A。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：中國將__________第一個有關(guān)變性手術(shù)的臨床指導方針。四個選項，issue在這里做動詞使用時意為“發(fā)行，頒布”，provide意為“提供”，withdraw意為“取回，收回”，bring back意為“恢復(fù)”。四個選項代入原文，issue符合題意。
52.B。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：專家__________大約2 000名中國人已經(jīng)做了變性手術(shù)，但是還有10萬到40萬人正考慮做這個手術(shù)。四個選項，boast在這里做動詞使用時意為“自夸，炫耀”，estimate意為“估測”，blame意為“責備”，offer意為“提供”。四個選項代入原文，最佳答案是estimate，因為對于無法準確測量的數(shù)字專家只能做出“估測”。
53.B。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：在指導方針草稿中，MOH給手術(shù)者和醫(yī)療機構(gòu)設(shè)定了__________標準。四個選項，maximum在這里做動詞使用時意為“最大值”，minimum意為“最小值”，less意為“更少”，few意為“少的”。根據(jù)上下文的意義，衛(wèi)生部提出的應(yīng)該是“最低”標準。
54.A。這里考查的是固定詞組engage in“從事或者參與某項工作或者活動”。句意：參加手術(shù)者要求證明你變性的堅定決心，以及連續(xù)五年適應(yīng)新性別的決心，以及術(shù)后要(參加)至少一年的心理治療。
55.c。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：參加手術(shù)者必須得到__________的手術(shù)推薦書。四個選項，physicist意為“物理學家”，chemist意為“化學家”，psychologist意為“心理學家”，geologist意為“地質(zhì)學家”，根據(jù)上下文的意思來看，只有得到心理學家的許可是最合理的。
56.B。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：在開始手術(shù)前必須滿足幾項法律要求。根據(jù)上下文，法律或者法規(guī)中的條文和要求是必須遵守的，因此必須用must。
57.D。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：在手術(shù)__________前，警察局也必須同意更改__________接受手術(shù)者的身份證上的性別。四個選項，respective意為“各自的，分別的”，prospect意為“前景，展望”,expecting意為“希望的，期望的”，prospective意為“未來的，將來的，展望的”。四個選項代入原文，prospective符合題意。
58.C。這里考查的是固定詞組take place“發(fā)生，進行，舉行”。句意：在手術(shù)進行前，警察局也必須同意更改將要接受手術(shù)者的身份證上的性別。
59.B。這里考查的是固定詞組be believed to“確信”。句意：這個指導方針的出現(xiàn)確實體現(xiàn)了政府對一小部分人想要變性的需求的關(guān)注。
60.A。這里考查的是固定詞組be concemed about“憂慮，擔心”，而concerned with是指“關(guān)心，感興趣”。句意：這個指導方針的出現(xiàn)確實體現(xiàn)了政府對一小部分人想要變性的需求的關(guān)注。
61.D。這里考查的是固定詞組a number of,表示“若干，不少，許多”，用在可數(shù)名詞前。句意：這個指導方針的出現(xiàn)確實體現(xiàn)了政府對一小部分人想要變性的需求的關(guān)注。
62.c。這里考查的是固定詞組due to，表示“因為，由于”。句意：因為手術(shù)帶來的社會和法律影響，所以變性手術(shù)不僅僅是個醫(yī)療程序。
63.B。這里是對分詞的考查。句意：醫(yī)生需要給那些__________變性的手術(shù)者說清楚一點，那就是他們也可以選擇繼續(xù)保持原有的性別。在本句中，用seek的現(xiàn)在分詞形式充當名詞的定語，意為“尋求變性手術(shù)的那些人”。其他三個選項都是動詞的限定形式，都是充當謂語的，因此不符合要求。(分詞的相關(guān)知識具體見本套書的系列叢書《每天1小時4周攻克職稱英語周計劃衛(wèi)生類》中有關(guān)分詞的【備考助手】。)
64.D。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：指導方針要求醫(yī)生告訴手術(shù)者其他的選擇，__________荷爾蒙治療。such as用于舉例說明的場合;as表示“像……一樣”，后面跟謂詞短語;as such強調(diào)某事的程度或者結(jié)果，表示“如此……以致……”。
65.A。這里考查的是固定詞組in the long run，表示“從長遠的觀點來看，最終”。句意：從長遠來看，手術(shù)本身對手術(shù)者并不是個大問題。
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