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初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之?dāng)?shù)詞講解與練習(xí)
數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。用于表示事物數(shù)目的詞稱(chēng)為基數(shù)詞，表示事物順序的詞稱(chēng)為序數(shù)詞。
1.基數(shù)詞(1000以內(nèi)的基數(shù)詞的讀法)
365—three hundred and sixty-five
505—five hundred and five
2.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：
基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾要加th。
一二三，特殊記；詞尾分別tdd。
八去t ，九去e ；ve則以f替。
ty 則變作 ti ; 后面還有一個(gè)e。
要是遇到幾十幾；只將個(gè)位變成序。
eg. one—first two—second three—third
eight—eighth nine—ninth twelve—twelfth
twenty—twentieth
twenty-one –-twenty-first
3.數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用：
A、時(shí)刻表達(dá)法：
a. 整點(diǎn)：基數(shù)詞 + o’clock
eg. It’s eight o’clock now.
b. 幾點(diǎn)幾分：
1．直接表達(dá)法：先小時(shí)后分
eg. 3:25 three twenty-five
2.間接表達(dá)法：先分后小時(shí)
1)(<30分鐘)用past ：分鐘past 小時(shí)
eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three
2) (30分鐘)用to：(60-分鐘數(shù)) to (小時(shí)數(shù)+1)
eg. 3:35 twenty-five (minutes) to four
3) 30分鐘 = half 15分鐘 = a quarter
eg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three
3:15 three fifteen = a quarter past three.
3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to four
B、日期表達(dá)法：月日，年（或日月年）
1949年10月1日 :
October1st , nineteen forty-nine
=the first of October, nineteen forty-nine
2000年: the year two thousand
=twenty hundred
2001年: twenty o one
3月1日: March the first = the first of March
C、表編號(hào)：
第207房間：Room 207
第五課： Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson
D、序數(shù)詞與不定冠詞(a; an)連用表又一；再一
eg. You’ve done it three times. Why not try a fourth time?
E、分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)：分子（基數(shù)）、分母（序數(shù)）
eg. one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二
注意：1.分子超過(guò)1時(shí)，分母加s
2.含分?jǐn)?shù)的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)由分?jǐn)?shù)后的詞決定謂語(yǔ)
eg.1)One third of the students are girls.
2)One third of the milk is mine.
3.分?jǐn)?shù)的特殊形式
1)one third = a third
2)one fourth = a quarter
three fourths = three quarters
3)one second = a half
F、一些數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù) + of表約數(shù)：
練 習(xí)
( )1.If you go out at night, you’ll be able to see ____ starts.
A. thousands of B. thousand of
C. nine thousands of D. thousands
( )2.Monday is ___ day of the week.
A. first B. the first
C. the second D. second
( )3.You’ve done it twice. Why not try ____ time?
A. third B. the third C. a third D. once
( )4.Which is the____ month? It’s September.
A. nine B. nineth C. ninth D. ninety
( )5.December is ___ of the year.
A. the twelfth months B. the twelfth month
C. the twelveth months D. twelve months
( )6.There are ___ floors in the building and he lives on the ____ floor.
A. eighteen, fifteen B. eighteenth, fifteenth
C. eighteen, fiveteen D. eighteen, fifteenth
( )7.I was born ___, 1982.
A. on June 2rd B. in June 2nd
C. on June two D. on June 2
( )8.It’s ____ from our home to the zoo.
A. two and a half hours’ walk
B. a half and two hours walk
C. two hours and a half hour’s walk
D. two and a half hour’s walk
( )9.What time is it now? It’s ___ to six.
A. quarter B. a quarter C. quarto C. a quarto
( )10.Will you be back in ____ ?
A. one or two minutes B. one minute or two
C. two minutes or one D. two or one minute
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