考研英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)
考研英語(yǔ)作文逐步的模式化，大家都采用模板，所以要拿高分知識(shí)局限于模板之中是不行的。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作參考資料，歡迎大家前來(lái)閱讀。
考研英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作8大語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)
▶1. 主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句
“英文多被動(dòng)，漢語(yǔ)多主動(dòng)”，還需要警惕名詞與動(dòng)詞之間暗含的“主被動(dòng)”關(guān)系。
Eg1: It is said that …據(jù)說(shuō)/相傳
Eg2：I suggest that … It is suggested that …
Eg3：Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.表建議
Eg4: your prompt attention to my enquiry would be highly appreciated. 表感激
Eg5：Students should study hard.
Students are expected / well-advised to study hard.
▶2. 簡(jiǎn)單句變從句
名詞性從句，含主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句四種;定語(yǔ)從句;狀語(yǔ)從句
A. 主語(yǔ)從句：
Eg1：What worries many parents is that Internet or computer games may impact kids’ study.
Eg2：It is said that an emperor of ancient China discovered Tea 5,000 years ago. (it為形式主語(yǔ);that從句為真正主語(yǔ))
B.賓語(yǔ)從句：
Eg1：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured by how much they can borrow, not by how much they can earn.
Eg2: I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to study hard.
Eg3：明智的人不為別人的想法所影響。The sensible man is not influenced by what other people think.
C. 表語(yǔ)從句：
Eg1：That is why China is called the “Kingdom of Bicycles”.
Eg3：In team games, practice is what improves our sense of cooperation.
D. 同位語(yǔ)從句
Eg1：(Martin Luther King) I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." (該句中a dream = that 從句，)
Eg2：Others hold the different idea that online shopping brings us some problems.
E. 含同位語(yǔ)句式
A.人 身份
Eg. I am convinced that …
As a college student, I am convinced that …
I, as a college student, am convinced that …
B. 物 性質(zhì)
Eg. A strong will brings us power …
As a vital quality, a strong will brings us power…
A strong will, as a vital quality, brings us power…
插入語(yǔ)
Eg1：As I see, the causes of this phenomenon are diverse.
The causes of this phenomenon, as I see, are diverse.
Eg2：All of a sudden, the silence of the lake was broken by a scream.
The silence of the lake, all of a sudden, was broken by a scream.
Eg3：Even so, others hold a different view.
Others, even so, hold a different view.
Eg4：Like anything else, automobiles have more than one side. (汽車跟很多其他事物一樣，具有兩面性)
Automobiles, like anything else, have more than one side.
F. 定語(yǔ)從句：
步驟：1)先寫(xiě)出正確簡(jiǎn)單句，確定被修飾成分(中心名詞)
2)在中心名詞后加入定從，關(guān)系詞who, whose, whom, where, which, when
Eg1：Taobao is a particularly popular website. ? Taobao is a particularly popular website, where/in which customers can purchase various goods.
Eg2：I will advice my foreign friend to visit Great Wall, where he or she can acquire knowledge of Chinese history.?
▶3. it 句式
A. 形式主語(yǔ) it is +被動(dòng)/形容詞/名詞+that從句/to do …
Eg1：It is suggested/ well-advised / supposed / proposed that sb. should (not) do …
Eg2：It is essential / necessary / advisable / convenient/ difficult/ hard/ comfortable for sb. (not) to do
Eg3：It is essential / necessary that sb. should (not) do …
Eg4：It is useless/useful doing sth.
B. 形式賓語(yǔ)
Eg1：An increasing number of students find it difficult to spell common words correctly.
Eg2：An increasing number of parents find it hard to have opportunities to chat with kids, who spend too much time on computers.
Eg3：A host of youngsters find it rather boring and hard to understand literature.
▶4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句
A. 強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)：
Eg1：I love you. /I do love you. / I did love you.
Eg2：Cell phone/ Internet/ computer brings us convenience.
Cell phone/ Internet/ computer does bring us convenience.
B. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+句子其他成分。
【步驟】
a. 先寫(xiě)出正確的簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句或復(fù)合句，明確單句的各個(gè)成分。
b. 在被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分(除謂語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)外)兩邊添加it is/was 和that/who， 其他成分不變，必要時(shí)調(diào)整順序。
【強(qiáng)調(diào)句式特征】去掉it is/was…that/who結(jié)構(gòu)，整個(gè)句子無(wú)冗余或成分殘缺。
Eg1：My mother always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.
It is my mother who/that always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.
It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lose heart.
Eg2：Parents’ protection does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.
(強(qiáng)調(diào)句式否定形式)It is parents’ protection that does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.
Eg3：The Internet does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.
It is the Internet that does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.
▶5. 倒裝
A. 表否定的副詞、短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)位于主語(yǔ)之前或句首，主句半倒裝(一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序);如never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, on no account, by mo means, in no case,
Eg1：I will never agree. Never will I agree.
B. Only +狀語(yǔ)位于句首，主句半倒裝。
Eg1：When my beloved is beside myself, I can feel the true happiness.
Only when my beloved is beside myself, can I feel the true happiness.
Eg2：When his computer crashes, he will come down-stairs for something to eat.
Only when his computer crashes, will he come down-stairs for something to eat.
Eg3：By doing small things, teenagers can accumulate ability and experience for something big.
Only doing small thing, can teenagers accumulate ability and experience for something big.
C.As/though倒裝形式
Eg1：Although she is a girl, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.
Girl as she is, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.
Eg2：Though it is convenient, online shopping leads to some problems.
Convenient as/though it is, online shopping leads to some problems.
Eg3：Although it is simple, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.
Simple as it is, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.
▶6.雙重否定：
Eg1：no ____ is / are more _____ than ________.
In contemporary society, no means of communication is more popular and common than cell phones.
Eg2：A strong will is very important.
The importance of a strong will cannot be too emphasized.
Eg3：Education helps people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.
Without education, it is impossible for people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.
▶7. Ving/ved 狀語(yǔ)
A. 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且主語(yǔ)一致，將次要?jiǎng)幼鲗?xiě)成v-ing或v-ed形式做狀語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)寫(xiě)成v-ing形式、為被動(dòng)關(guān)系是寫(xiě)成V-ed形式。
Eg1：I climbed the stairs. I took a suitcase.
I climbed the stairs, taking a suitcase.
Climbing the stairs, I took a suitcase.
Eg2：When they are compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.
Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.
Bicycles, compared with cars, are superior in several ways.
B.兩個(gè)動(dòng)作主語(yǔ)一致，但前后發(fā)生，則可將先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作寫(xiě)成Having +ved形式。
Eg1：He had lived in this city for years. He had no difficulty finding the way home.
Having lived in this city for years, he had no difficulty finding the way home.
▶8. 排比結(jié)構(gòu)
Eg1：Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability. (Bacon)
Eg2：We shall fight on the hills. We shall fight in the streets. We shall fight blood and sweet and tears. (Churchill)
Eg3：作為一種重要素質(zhì)，自信帶給我們力量、喚起我們對(duì)生活的熱愛(ài)、幫助我們戰(zhàn)勝困難。
As a vital quality, confidence brings us power, arouses our enthusiasm for life, and helps us to conquer difficulties.
考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)熟知三大規(guī)律
規(guī)律一：英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力不等于英語(yǔ)考試能力
中國(guó)學(xué)生學(xué)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程，是不斷參加英語(yǔ)考試的過(guò)程，從中考英語(yǔ)、高考英語(yǔ)，四六級(jí)英語(yǔ)，到專四、專八英語(yǔ)，再到考研英語(yǔ)，甚至出國(guó)考試(托福、雅思、GRE等)。在此過(guò)程中，希望考生們要明白的是，英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力不等于英語(yǔ)考試能力，一個(gè)人英語(yǔ)考試時(shí)總能考高分，可就是說(shuō)不好英語(yǔ)，而有的人聽(tīng)力口語(yǔ)能力很好，考試成績(jī)卻很一般。
這一點(diǎn)都不稀奇，能力強(qiáng)但沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)任何考試技能訓(xùn)練，有可能得不到高分。能力不強(qiáng)，很有可能在短期內(nèi)獲得考試的高分，盡考研英語(yǔ)參考書(shū)管他的英語(yǔ)溝通能力并沒(méi)有明顯的提高。因?yàn)�，考試的�?nèi)容是相對(duì)有限而有規(guī)定的，而能力的提高是長(zhǎng)期的數(shù)學(xué)考研事情。對(duì)于考研英語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)，無(wú)論是閱讀理解還是英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作，都有考試的規(guī)律性和技術(shù)性。比如，要在閱讀理解上拿高分，并不需要你完全理解文章，只要真正理解20%的內(nèi)容就能解決文章80%的題目。但是要把握如何確定哪些材料屬于20%的關(guān)鍵材料，需要一定的考試訓(xùn)練。
規(guī)律二：考研英語(yǔ)能力的提高需要考試訓(xùn)練
任何一個(gè)考研高分的同學(xué)都離不開(kāi)對(duì)相當(dāng)數(shù)量的好題目的分析和訓(xùn)練�？荚嚹芰Φ奶岣唠x不開(kāi)考試技能的提高和對(duì)考試內(nèi)容的訓(xùn)練。
考試訓(xùn)練不是死記硬背，也不是搞題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)，這樣很容易身心疲憊。比如有的同學(xué)在訓(xùn)練時(shí)做了大量的選擇題目，但每次還會(huì)在同樣的地方犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤，原因很簡(jiǎn)單，每次做錯(cuò)題后，都沒(méi)有深入思考一下為什么。這樣的結(jié)果是浪費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間并且沒(méi)有成就感和進(jìn)步感，從而可能喪失學(xué)英語(yǔ)的自信。
所以，考試訓(xùn)練的關(guān)鍵考研數(shù)學(xué)大綱問(wèn)題是做題后的反思和總結(jié)，做到“知其然”，又“知其所以然”，才不至于在同一個(gè)地方跌倒兩次甚至多次。
規(guī)律三：考研英語(yǔ)最好的備考資料——歷年真題
時(shí)下，社會(huì)上充斥著各種考試培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)，而我們判斷他們的好壞的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是其是否對(duì)該考試的歷年真題做分析、研究，并從中總結(jié)出科學(xué)規(guī)律讓考生在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)提高成績(jī)。否則，它的可信度肯定是不高的。
試題一年一個(gè)樣，但對(duì)基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查是相對(duì)不變的。英語(yǔ)考試所有的重點(diǎn)單詞盡在歷年真題中;英語(yǔ)考試所有基礎(chǔ)重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)盡在歷年真題中;英語(yǔ)考試所有的重要規(guī)律盡在歷年真題中。
考研英語(yǔ)其實(shí)復(fù)習(xí)備考并不難
《舊約·創(chuàng)世紀(jì)》上說(shuō)，古巴比倫人試圖建造一個(gè)通天塔，上帝因他們狂妄，責(zé)罰他們各操不同的語(yǔ)言，彼此不相了解，結(jié)果該塔最終無(wú)法建成。不過(guò)，如今我們擔(dān)心的卻是世界上語(yǔ)言多樣性的逐漸消失。目前全世界有7000多種語(yǔ)言，據(jù)估測(cè)，其中一半以上將在本世紀(jì)消亡，近90%則將在未來(lái)200年內(nèi)滅絕。語(yǔ)言一旦死亡，就很難再恢復(fù)，即使它的書(shū)面語(yǔ)言繼續(xù)存在，沒(méi)有了代際傳承，也只是一個(gè)毫無(wú)意義的空殼，曾經(jīng)一度風(fēng)靡歐洲的拉丁語(yǔ)就是其中的典型。然而，猶太人的希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)卻是一個(gè)絕無(wú)僅有的例外。2000多年來(lái)猶太民族流離失所，命運(yùn)顛沛，希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)事實(shí)上已經(jīng)死亡，只剩下一些書(shū)面記錄和宗教儀式。到了19世紀(jì)，猶太人意識(shí)到了復(fù)興希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)對(duì)于民族振興的重要性。在沒(méi)有本族語(yǔ)字典和語(yǔ)法書(shū)的情況下，他們從其他語(yǔ)言中借用詞語(yǔ)，或者創(chuàng)造新詞來(lái)彌補(bǔ)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的缺陷，以幫助它復(fù)活。為了希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的健康發(fā)展與傳承，他們從兒童著手，猶太父母?jìng)儗⒆优偷街徽f(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的學(xué)校讀書(shū)，回到家中大家也堅(jiān)持只說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)。經(jīng)過(guò)幾代人同心同德的努力，到了20世紀(jì)初，希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)終于重新成為猶太人的母語(yǔ)。
今天，考研人在英語(yǔ)熱潮中艱難前行，許多人都認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是他們的死穴，懷疑自己沒(méi)有天賦和能力去掌握好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)。我有個(gè)朋友花了四年時(shí)間去考研，幾乎每次都砸在英語(yǔ)上，非常痛苦。但比起猶太人將一門(mén)已經(jīng)死亡的語(yǔ)言帶出鬼門(mén)關(guān)，并且身體力行地把它操練成自己的母語(yǔ)，我們只是被要求去掌握一門(mén)活生生的語(yǔ)言，并把它當(dāng)作外語(yǔ)來(lái)使用，其艱辛真不可同日而語(yǔ)，我們之所以做不好，就是因?yàn)槲覀兊臎Q心還不夠大。一位哈佛教授說(shuō):“世界上沒(méi)有記不住的單詞，只是我們重復(fù)的.遍數(shù)不夠多而已。”這句大白話說(shuō)出來(lái)許多人都不以為然，其實(shí)仔細(xì)想想，我們好像的確是沒(méi)有下足夠大的決心、花足夠大的力氣去對(duì)付過(guò)它。在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的長(zhǎng)途跋涉中，會(huì)遇到各種各樣的瓶頸，每到那個(gè)時(shí)候我們常常懷疑自己學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的能力和對(duì)語(yǔ)言天生的敏感度，而沒(méi)有好好考量過(guò)自己的決心究竟有多大，緊隨其后的行動(dòng)有多決絕，以至于往往半途而廢，功虧一簣。
章子怡第一次作為頒獎(jiǎng)嘉賓參加奧斯卡典禮的時(shí)候，她站在頒獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)上，本想輕松地說(shuō)幾句俏皮話活躍一下氣氛，卻因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言不夠流利而憋得面紅耳赤，后來(lái)甚至被人評(píng)論說(shuō)她給中國(guó)人丟了臉。章子怡感到很委屈，也因此激發(fā)了她更加發(fā)奮刻苦的決心。后來(lái)她對(duì)人說(shuō):“其實(shí)這中間沒(méi)什么竅門(mén)，就是你要大膽地說(shuō)，不能因?yàn)樗^的丟人就不敢張嘴，否則你就會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)丟人下去。”她請(qǐng)了一個(gè)全天候陪伴的美國(guó)英語(yǔ)教師，就像貼身秘書(shū)一樣，日常的工作和生活全部用英語(yǔ)來(lái)完成，哪怕有些時(shí)候用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)不好甚至表達(dá)不出來(lái)，她也堅(jiān)持不用漢語(yǔ)，如此強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練了一年才有了她后來(lái)在國(guó)際媒體前的口若懸河，對(duì)答如流。
小S以前的英語(yǔ)水平也不高，看到老外就會(huì)趕快把眼睛飄開(kāi)，不敢開(kāi)口與老外搭訕，總抱著下個(gè)月一定要好好學(xué)習(xí)，或有朝一日出國(guó)留學(xué)，英文自然就會(huì)變好的心理茍且偷生。直到她懷孕時(shí)了解到，如果要培養(yǎng)孩子的語(yǔ)言能力，一定要抓緊0-6歲這個(gè)黃金時(shí)段，多讓寶寶聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)，她終于下定決心，要靠自己的力量為孩子營(yíng)造一個(gè)英文環(huán)境。于是她開(kāi)始不間斷地每個(gè)禮拜去上英文課，遇到老外也極力克服恐懼感主動(dòng)去找他們聊天，一聽(tīng)到不會(huì)的單詞就立刻記下來(lái)，發(fā)短信問(wèn)老師或查翻譯機(jī)，用非常正面、積極的態(tài)度去面對(duì)“外語(yǔ)恐慌癥”。如今，她的女兒已經(jīng)成了中英皆通的“雙語(yǔ)混血兒”，而她自己也已經(jīng)可以和老外用英語(yǔ)自在地交流。她總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō):“很多父母會(huì)怕孩子跟你無(wú)法溝通，我的想法是，你要跟孩子并肩學(xué)習(xí)，你如果不想讓他輸在起跑點(diǎn)，你自己又怎能在原地踏步，你希望他英文好，你又怎能讓他以后在你面前用英文說(shuō)你壞話，而你卻渾然不知。”
大明星諸事纏身，他們用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間不見(jiàn)得比我們多，他們的智商也不見(jiàn)得比我們高，但是強(qiáng)大的決心卻幫他們克服了一個(gè)又一個(gè)的學(xué)習(xí)障礙，做到了我們?cè)S多人孜孜以求卻做不到的事情。我們沒(méi)有如此強(qiáng)大的決心，也許是因?yàn)槲覀冞�沒(méi)遇到自己足夠熱愛(ài)的事情，可以為它不顧一切地拼命。想想猶太人為什么能在語(yǔ)種消亡的狂潮中，獨(dú)力挽救了已隨老祖宗入土為安的希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)，那是因?yàn)橛姓麄�(gè)民族積攢了2000多年的對(duì)美好家園的渴望凝成的動(dòng)力啊!如果我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的引擎已經(jīng)熄火，我們是不是也該找到一個(gè)熱愛(ài)的理由去重新點(diǎn)燃那一抹激情呢?
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